• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 1996

This study was designed to identify the relationship of perceived self-efficacy and sick-role behavioral compliance in diabetic children. The forty-two diabetic children participating in this study were selected from outpatients. he period of data collection was August 8 to December 9, 1994. Collected data were analyzed by means of chi-square test, t-test, Pearson correlation using SPSS/P $C^+. The result are summarized as follows : 1. The mean score of perceived self-efficacy was 3. 21 that of sick-role behavioral compliance 3.17. 2. Perceived self-efficacy and sick-role behavioral compliance had a positive correlation which was statistically significant（r=0.77, p＜0.001）. 3. There were statistically significant difference in perceived self-efficacy according to age（p＜0. 01） and acknowledgment of prescribed calories in the diabetic diet（p＜0.001）. 4. There were statistically significant difference in sick-role behavioral compliance according to age （p＜0.01） and acknowledgment of prescribed calories in the diabetic diet （p＜0.001）. These results suggest that perceived self-efficacy is an important variable in the compliance of diabetic children. Nursing intervention needs to be directed at promoting perceived self-efficacy to maintain sickrole behavioral compliance for diabetic children. Therefore programs of nursing intervention should be revised in order to promote perceived self-efficacy in diabetic children.en.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to identify the relationships among diabetic health leader attitude, diabetic knowledge, and health conservation in highly educated elders. Methods: The participants were 119 elders aged 65 or more who were attending the senior welfare centers in D and K City and had at least a high school degree. Data were collected from June 10 to July 7 in 2013. Data analysis included one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression, done with the SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Results: A positive correlation was found among diabetic health leader attitude, diabetic knowledge, and health conservation. Health conservation explained 26% (${\beta}$=.31) and diabetic knowledge explained 2% (${\beta}$=.18) of the variance in diabetic health leader attitude. Conclusion: The results indicate that to increase diabetic health leader attitude among highly educated elders, health leader programs are needed for increasing their diabetic knowledge and health conservation.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.300-309
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was a descriptive survey research to identify whether characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, their knowledge about diabetes, and self-care behavior impacted on the level of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Participants were 133 patients who had type 2 diabetes mellitus and were being seen at a hospital in Korea. The scale for knowledge about diabetes had 24 items, the scale for self-care behavior, 20 items, and the level of diabetic retinopathy was classified according to the international clinical diabetic retinopathy severity measurement standards. Results: The influence of the independent variables on the level of diabetic retinopathy showed that age, job, time since onset of Diabetes Mellitus, regular ophthalmologic examinations, and systolic blood pressure were identified as factors affecting the level of diabetic retinopathy. The explanation power of this regression model was 23.0% and it was statistically significant (F=5.42, p<.001). Conclusion: Early education about occurrence of diabetes related diseases, specifically diabetic retinopathy should be provided for patients from younger ages. Moreover, for disease management, social support is needed from co-workers and friends. Efforts to encouraged prevention and delay of diabetic retinopathy should include control of blood sugar and blood pressure.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2008

This study evaluated neuroprotective effects of Yanggyuksanhwa-tang (YST) on global cerebral ischemia of diabetic rats. On primary experiment, diabetic condition in rats was induced by streptozotocin injection. Secondarily, global cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid artery with hypotension (BCAO) under the diabetic condition. Then neuroprotective effect of YST was observed with changes of neuronal c-Fos and Bax expressions, and GFAP expression in the brain tissues by using immunohistochemistry. YST treatment was resulted significant decrease of c-Fos expression in CA1 hippocampus induced by BCAO on diabetic rats. YST treatment was resulted significant decrease of Bax expression in CA1 hippocampus induced by BCAO on diabetic rats. YST treatment was resulted significant decrease of c-Fos expression in cerebral cortex and caudoputamen induced by BCAO on diabetic rats. YST treatment was resulted significant decrease of GFAP expression in cerebral cortex induced by BCAO on diabetic rats. These results suggest that YST has effects on neuroprotection against cerebral ischemic damage under diabetic condition. And it is supposed that neuroprotective effect of YST reveals by anti-apoptosis mechanism.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2004

Two cases of in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy were reported in this clinical study. After the study, the results were as follows: 1. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy was occurred with both insulin dependent diabetic mellitus(IDDM) patients, long and short durations, and non insulin dependent diabetic mellitus(NIDDM) patients. However, the degree of subjective symptom was stronger with the former patients. 2. Non insulin dependent diabetic mellitus(NIDDM) patients on dosage of Gamisamultang (加味四物湯) showed remarkable decrease of duration of illness and pain; however, plantar causalgic pain was unremarkable. In contrast to non insulin dependent diabetic mellitus(NIDDM) patients, long duration of insulin dependent diabetic mellitus(IDDM) patients showed remarkable decrease of plantar causalgic pain: however, pain decreased unremarkably. 3. The general treatment of diabetic patients was the control of blood glucose level; however it seemed to be no effect on the degree of subjective symptom. When patients were treated with acupuncture, followed by electropucture, on Palpung(八風), Taechung(太衝:Liv3), Chok-imup(足臨泣: Gb41), Hyonjong(縣鐘 : G39), Sungsan(承山 : B57), Chok-Samni(足三里 : S36), and Yangnungchon(陽陵泉 : G34) showed a great effect on decreasing the pain.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.225-234
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• 2002

This study was designed to determine changes of nutritional status, diabetic indices and serum lipid composition in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients during intake of diabetic-oriented convenience food prepared from 7 medicinal plants and chicken. We conducted dietary, anthropometric and biochemical assessments before and after the intake of diabetic oriented food. Once a day, in the study, their normal lunch was replaced by the diabetic-oriented convenience food diet for 30 consecutive days. It was found that the nutrients of the diet were well-balanced, and the intake levels nearly approached those of the RDA. Obesity rate, body fat, and body weight were significantly lower than those of a normal diet. The average fasting blood glucose significantly decreased while the insulin level significantly increased after the intake of diabetic meal. Also the total serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels significantly decreased. The above results indicate that diabetic-oriented convenience food prepared from 7 medicinal plants and chicken may be used as a diet regime fer controlling the diabetes mellitus on a regular basis.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.164-169
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of taurine supplementation time on the activity of the enzymes metabolizing lipid peroxide in the liver of streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats, Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed the purified diet for 7 weeks. They were supplemented with or without 1% taurine in drinking water before or after STZ injection or during all experimental procedure. In comparison to diabetic group without taurine, glucose-6-phosphatase(G6Pase) activity was decreased in diabetic group supplemented with taurine before STZ injection, and it was increased in diabetic group supplemented with taurine after STZ injection, but the difference was not significant. Glutathione S-transferase(GST) activity was significantly increased by the injection of STZ. However, the GST activities of diabetic groups exposed to taurine after STZ injection or during all experimental procedure were significantly decreased. Glutathione peroxidase(GPx) activities was significantly decreased by STZ injection. However, only in diabetic group supplemented with taurine before STZ injection, GPx activities was not decreased by the STZ injection. These results suggest that taurine supplementation may change the activities of GSH-related enzymes metabolizing lipid peroxide in the liver of streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats and that may be helpful for the prevention of diabetic complication.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2023

Diabetic foot is one of the most devastating consequences of diabetes, resulting in amputation and possibly death. Therefore, early detection and vigorous treatment of infections in patients with diabetic foot are critical. This review seeks to provide guidelines for the therapy and rehabilitation of patients with moderate-to-severe diabetic foot. If a diabetic foot infection is suspected, bacterial cultures should be initially obtained. Numerous imaging studies can be used to identify diabetic foot, and recent research has shown that white blood cell single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography has comparable diagnostic specificity and sensitivity to magnetic resonance imaging. Surgery is performed when a diabetic foot ulcer is deep and is accompanied by bone and soft tissue infections. Patients should be taught preoperative rehabilitation before undergoing stressful surgery. During surgical procedures, it is critical to remove all necrotic tissue and drain the inflammatory area. It is critical to treat wounds with suitable dressings after surgery. Wet dressings promote the formation of granulation tissues and new blood vessels. Walking should begin as soon as the patient's general condition allows it, regardless of the wound status or prior walking capacity. Adequate treatment of comorbidities, including hypertension and dyslipidemia, and smoking cessation are necessary. Additionally, broad-spectrum antibiotics are required to treat diabetic foot infections.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권8호
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• pp.673-681
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• 2009

Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease. Particularly, diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication for diabetic patients, yet the precise mechanisms that underline the initial stage of diabetic renal inflammation remain unknown. However, oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia in diabetes is implicated in diabetic renal disease. We hypothesized that dietary supplementation of antioxidants either VCE (0.5% VC + 0.5% VE) or Comb (0.5% VC + 0.5% VE + 2.5% N-acetylcysteine) improves acute diabetic renal inflammation through modulation of blood glucose levels and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. Experimental animals (5.5 weeks old female ICR) used were treated with alloxan (180 mg/kg) once. When fasting blood glucose levels were higher than 250 mg/dL, mice were divided into 3 groups fed different levels of antioxidant supplementation, DM (diabetic mice fed AIN 93G purified rodent diet); VCE (diabetic mice fed 0.5% vitamin C and 0.5% vitamin E supplemented diet); Comb (diabetic mice fed 0.5% vitamin C, 0.5% vitamin E and 2.5% N-acetylcysteine supplemented diet), for 10 days and then sacrificed. Body weights were measured once a week and blood glucose levels were monitored twice a week. Lipid peroxidation products, thiobarbituric acid reacting substances were measured in kidney. NF-${\kappa}B$ activation was indirectly demonstrated by pI${\kappa}B$-${\alpna}$ and expressions of selective inflammatory and oxidative stress markers including antioxidant enzymes were also determined. Dietary antioxidant supplementation improved levels of blood glucose as well as kidney lipid peroxi-dation. Dietary antioxidant supplementation improved NF-${\kappa}B$ activation and protein expression of HO-1, but not mRNA expression levels in diabetic mice fed Comb diet. In contrast, the mRNA and protein expression of CuZnSOD was decreased in diabetic mice fed Comb diet. However, antioxidant supplementation did not improve mRNA and protein expressions of IL-$1{\beta}$ and MnSOD in diabetic mice. These findings demonstrate that acute diabetic renal inflammation was associated with altered inflammatory and antioxidant responses and suggest that antioxidant cocktail supplementation may have beneficial effects on early stage of diabetic nephropathy through modulation of blood glucose levels and antioxidant enzyme expressions.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1137-1143
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• 1999

This study investigated the effect of tea fungus/kombucha beverage(TF) protein concentrations and enzyme activities in serum of both normal and diabetic male rats. Sprague Dawley growing rats were randomly assigned to one control and five diabetic groups. In five diabetic groups, D control group was fed drinking water and the other groups were fed drinking water supplemented with 20 or 40% TF (20 or 40% TFD group, respectively) and 20 or 40% disinfected TF(20 or 40% TFSD group, respectively) for 7 weeks. Diabetes was experimentally induced in all five diabetic groups by streptozotocin injection after 3 week feeding. The diabetic groups were significantly decreased the body weight( 29.4~ 48.6g) compared with those in control group(72.4g). The total liver and kidney weights in all diabetic groups were similar to those in control group, but those relative to body weights in all diabetic groups were heavier than those in control group. The total spleen weight in all diabetic groups was significantly decreased compared with those in control group, but those relative to body weights in all diabetic groups were similar to those in control group. The blood glucose levels were heigher in all diabetic groups than those in control group. The alkaline phosphatase activity in serum was higher in all experimental groups than those in control group, but it was lower in 40% TFD, 20% and 40% TFSD groups than those in D control group. The GPT activity was significantly increased in D control, 20% and 40% TFD groups than in control group. The GOT activity was significantly increased in D control goup than in control group, but those in all TFD and TFSD groups were similar to control group. The total protein concentration in all diabetic groups was significantly decreased compared with that in control group, but the albumin concentration showed almost the same levels in all the experimental groups. The ratio of albumin/globulin, and hem atocrit value were significantly increased in all diabetic groups than in control group. These results show that tea fungus/kombucha beverage with which diabetic rats were fed has not recovered the decreased body weight, lowered serum total protein level, hypertrophy of liver and kidney, hyperglycemia to the normal state.