Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Institute Medical Science (영남대 의대 학술지 편집위원회)
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Management and rehabilitation of moderate-to-severe diabetic foot infection: a narrative review

  • Chi Young An (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital) ;
  • Seung Lim Baek (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital) ;
  • Dong-Il Chun (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital)
  • Received : 2023.06.30
  • Accepted : 2023.08.15
  • Published : 2023.10.31
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Abstract

Diabetic foot is one of the most devastating consequences of diabetes, resulting in amputation and possibly death. Therefore, early detection and vigorous treatment of infections in patients with diabetic foot are critical. This review seeks to provide guidelines for the therapy and rehabilitation of patients with moderate-to-severe diabetic foot. If a diabetic foot infection is suspected, bacterial cultures should be initially obtained. Numerous imaging studies can be used to identify diabetic foot, and recent research has shown that white blood cell single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography has comparable diagnostic specificity and sensitivity to magnetic resonance imaging. Surgery is performed when a diabetic foot ulcer is deep and is accompanied by bone and soft tissue infections. Patients should be taught preoperative rehabilitation before undergoing stressful surgery. During surgical procedures, it is critical to remove all necrotic tissue and drain the inflammatory area. It is critical to treat wounds with suitable dressings after surgery. Wet dressings promote the formation of granulation tissues and new blood vessels. Walking should begin as soon as the patient's general condition allows it, regardless of the wound status or prior walking capacity. Adequate treatment of comorbidities, including hypertension and dyslipidemia, and smoking cessation are necessary. Additionally, broad-spectrum antibiotics are required to treat diabetic foot infections.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the Soonchunhyang Seoul Hospital.

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