• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.74-82
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• 1996

The developmental process of scutes in the eightspine stickleback, Pungitius sinensis kaibarae (Tanaka), was investigated. The scutes appeared first on the caudal peduncle at 13mm and then on the thoracoabdominal part at 16mm. The scutes continued to develop and then the trachurus type of scute arrangement was completed at about 20mm. Finally the number of scutes was stabilized as 32 - 33 in the fish over 22mm. The developmental state of scutes was different according to part of body but most scutes except those of anteriormost part entered into late stage at about 25mm. The scutes of anteriormost part remained as scute of middle stage even though the fish became adults. All scutes were formed around neuromasts of lateral line. Few anterior plates(up to five plates) had additional neuromasts above the plates. But scale material was not accumulated around the additional neuromasts. Relationship between Korean and Japanese eightspine stickleback and the taxonomic meaning of the additional neuromasts were discussed.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.513-531
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• 2001

Television news programs are becoming significant source of health information. This study aims at investigating the current state of health coverage of the prime time news program in Korea. Data were collected from KBS 9 0'clock news in the period of thirteen months. from December 1. 1998. to November 1. 1999. The data were analyzed using content analysis method. and the reliability degree was 99.7% according to the Holsti's inter-coder reliability test. The current research classified 489 health related news items into 49 sub-categories and five health categories through content analysis. Some of the basic results of this study are as follows. 1. The frequency according to health category, health maintenance promotion(57.3%) topped followed by disease prevention(23.2%), disease treatment(14.9%), life ethics(4.0%), and growth development(0.6%). 2. According to human developmental age. for the most part(80.1 %) is applicable to the entire range of human developmental age. 3. Health maintennance promotion category take top of health category by the rate of 57.3% and contain 20 sub-categories. 4. News items in the life ethics category, which had six sub-categories. occupied only four percent of the total health related news. News in the growth development category included two sub categories and occupied 0.6% of the total news items. 5. In disease prevention and disease treatment category, infectious disease(33.2%) showed the highest percentage according to the WHO's international disease classification system. Disease prevention occupied 23.2% and contained eleven sub-categories while disease treatment occupied 14.9% and included ten sub-categories. Television news coverage on health showed a wide variety of selection in terms that they are reporting various issues. This study, however, found that some news items were confusing and failing in presenting scientific evidences. It is suggested that the television coverage on health could be beneficial to most of viewers in receiving important health information and guidelines, only if they are utilizing their own sound discretion in consuming those news.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2017

Objective: To describe in vitro development of human embryos derived from an individual with a homozygous pathogenic variant in NLRP7 (19q13.42) and recurrent hydatidiform mole (HM), an autosomal recessive condition thought to occur secondary to an oocyte defect. Methods: A patient with five consecutive HM pregnancies was genomically evaluated via next generation sequencing followed by controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, in vitro fertilization (IVF) with intracytoplasmic sperm injection, embryo culture, and preimplantation genetic screening. Findings in NLRP7 were recorded and embryo culture and biopsy data were tabulated as a function of parental origin for any identified ploidy error. Results: The patient was found to have a pathogenic variant in NLRP7 (c.2810+2T>G) in a homozygous state. Fifteen oocytes were retrieved and 10 embryos were available after fertilization via intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Developmental arrest was noted for all 10 embryos after 144 hours in culture, thus no transfer was possible. These non-viable embryos were evaluated by karyomapping and all were diploid biparental; two were euploid and eight had various aneuploidies all of maternal origin. Conclusion: This is the first report of early human embryo development from a patient with any NLRP7 mutation. The pathogenic variant identified here resulted in global developmental arrest at or before blastocyst stage. Standard IVF should therefore be discouraged for such patients, who instead need to consider oocyte (or embryo) donation with IVF as preferred clinical methods to treat infertility.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.41.1-41.7
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• 2016

Background: The transgenic approach using estrogen-responsive regulator in fish has been given much attention as a potential means to detect and/or address estrogen-related aquatic pollutions. In order to address the development stage- and reproduction status-dependent expression patterns of the chgH-rfp transgene (red fluorescent protein transgene driven by choriogenin H promoter) in marine medaka Oryzias dancena, naturally occurring red fluorescent protein (RFP) signals under non-exposed conditions as well as the transgenically induced RFP signals under estrogen-exposed conditions were assayed. Results: Female transgenics begun to show naturally occurring RFP signals from the age of 7 weeks post hatching (WPH) without experimental estrogen exposure. Afterward, these RFP signals in female transgenics became robust with the progress of ovarian maturation. On the other hand, male transgenics did not show any naturally occurring RFP signal under non-exposed conditions irrespective of developmental stages and maturation statue. Upon exposures using estradiol-$17{\beta}$ (E2) and $17{\alpha}$-ethinylestradiol (EE2), RFP signals were significantly induced specifically in the livers of transgenic males. Conclusions: Male chgH-rfp transgenics were able to keep the "off" state of RFP expression during their entire life cycle unless exposed to exogenous estrogens. Owing to their tight regulation capability of estrogen-responsive transgene, transgenesis of chgH-rfp in male marine medaka could offer a useful model system for future ecotoxicogenomic studies regarding estrogenicity-related issues in aquatic and marine environments.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.393-400
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• 2007

Analysis of protein interactions/functions in a microarray format has been of great potential in drug discovery, diagnostics, and cell biology, because it is amenable to large-scale and high-throughput biological assays in a rapid and economical way. In recent years, the protein microarray have broaden their utility towards the global analysis of protein interactions on a proteome scale, the functional activity analysis based on protein interactions and post-translational modifications (PTMs), and the discovery of biomarkers through profiling of protein expression between sample and reference pool. As a promising tool for proteomics, the protein microarray technology has advanced outstandingly over the past decade in terms of surface chemistry, acquisition of relevant proteins on a proteomic level, and detection methods. In this article, we briefly describe various techniques for development of protein microarray, and introduce developmental state of protein microarray and its applications.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.5-29
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• 2012

The present study was to explore what makes adolescents think of themselves as troublemakers even without conduct problems. It was expected that the failure to attain socio-developmental milestones(e.g., healthy relationships with others, academic achievement) would lead to form trait aspect of deviant self-concept. A latent state-trait autoregressive modeling was used to analyze five annual waves of data from 3,449 adolescents taken from the Korean Youth Panel Study. We decomposed trait and state aspect of deviant self-concept and identified significant predictors of trait-like deviant self-concept, while additionally testing for gender differences. Our results showed that conduct problems had greater effect on deviant self-concept among girls compared with boys. Conduct problem was most predictive of deviant self-concept, and yet both poor peer-relations and school failures predisposed adolescents to have deviant self-concept. Low academic achievement conferred risk for trait aspects of deviant self-concept with no gender difference, whereas poor peer relation was more predictive among girls. It highlights the cultural value system underlying self-concept and how and why adolescents think of themselves as troublemakers.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.3-21
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• 1997

We examined the developmental characteristics of dream, daydream, and hope of elementary school students in their 1st, 3rd, and 5th grades, and studied the correlation between three variables. We summarized the results of this study as follows. 1) The contents of dream developed with the cognitive development and socialization process. In detail, appearance of animals, family members, and known persons gradually decreased, and appearance of self, same-sex peers, and strangers gradually increased. These results are comparable with the previous studies of dream. 2) Daydream, hope, and current state also developed with age. In detail, frequency of daydream increased, and the contents of daydream and hope changed toward more self-centered and more realistic. The changes of current state are thought to reflect the specific situation of Korea. 3) There are some correlation among dream, daydream, and hope. Especially happy mood and fearful mood had positive correlation with the relevant contents of dream, daydream, and hope. Also the contents of dream showed positive correlation with the same contents of daydream. This study is the first trial which investigate the developmental characteristics of dream, daydream, and hope of normal children in Korea. We verified that dream and daydream are on the continuous line of ‘reality-imitation-play-daydream-dream’ Finally, considering the facts that dream developed with age；responded to meaningful emotional experiences；and had the correlation with daydream, hope, and current state, the results of this study support the psychological meaning of dream.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.195-229
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• 2018

This study has examined how the welfare system has changed as it has passed through the most controversial period in Korean modern history. The welfare system has changed in a way that adapts to the need for export-led economic growth. Industrialization centered on light industry, which started in the mid-1960s, absorbed the labor force that existed in the rural areas and commodified them, thereby creating a momentum for Korean society to get out of poverty. However, the public de-commodification, ie social security system, adapted to the commodification of the labor force has been institutionalized only in a very limited area and people. Indeed, the de-commodification system was confined to the area directly linked to the reproduction of the labor force. Even so, the target was very limited in the abundance of labor in rural areas. Compulsory medical insurance was rejected because of corporate burden, and industrial accidents insurance was introduced centering on large-scale workplaces. As the Korean economy began to move from the light industry to the heavy industry in the 1970s, the commodificated labor force changed from a low skilled labor force to a skilled male labor force. It is at this time that dual structures have begun to be created between workers employed in export-oriented large enterprises and workers employed in domestic-oriented SMEs. Therefore, the system of de-commodification that supports the reproduction of labor power in response to social risks has also been institutionalized centering on large-scale workplaces.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.47-69
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to classify the lifelong learning policy implementation process of lifelong learning in Korea according to the policy making decision models and to suggest developmental tasks. Korea's lifelong learning policy came to a full-fledged start with the enactment of the Lifelong Education Act in 2000. The Lifelong Education Act proposed the establishment of an open educational system as a strategy to realize the lifelong learning society. According to the Lifelong Education Act, the Korean government has developed several lifelong education policies such as providing learning opportunity for the underprivileged, facilitating lifelong learning city project, building lifelong learning culture, recognizing of experiential learning result, funding lifelong learning hub university, launching lifelong learning supporting administrative etc. The Korean lifelong system is characterized as Allison's (1971) governmental/bureaucratic, Ziegler and Johnson's (1972) legislative, Griffin's(1987) social control and Green's (2000) state-led models which make policy through the coordination between the government and the parliament and control bureaucratic power and educational qualifications. Lifelong learning policies should be managed in terms of supply and demand at the learning market. In addition, the state has to strengthen lifelong learning through supporting NGOs' activities and adult learners' tuition fee for the disadvantaged group of people.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 2015

Metacognitive monitoring refers to high dimensional cognitive activities. Understanding one's own cognitive processes accurately can make effective controls for their performance. Brain area related with metacognition is PFC which is completed the order of late and it can be inferred that monitoring abilities is developing during late adolescent. In this study, we explored the developmental difference in monitoring accuracy between high school students and college students using by measuring JOL(Judgment of Learning). Participants was asked that they study Spanish-Korean word pairs and judge their future performance of memory. In the result, people in both groups thought that they could remember word pairs better than their actual performance. Absolute bias scores which mean the degree to predict their performance apart from true scores showed the interaction between subject groups and task difficulty. Specifically, people judged their learning state quite accurately in easy task condition. However, in difficult task condition, both groups showed inaccuracy for predicting their learning and the magnitude of the degree was bigger in the group of high school students.