• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.677-687
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• 2009

Despite the fact that the mobile environment has favorable conditions for using data contents, it is not easy to implement enhanced data services for mobile broadcasting based on MPEG-4 BIFS. With a structure inherited from VRML, BIFS targets different types of content with a development approach that is not very compatible with broadcasting contents. Furthermore, it is not easy to implement BIFS because the standard is too complicated for the mobile broadcasting environment. Accordingly, this study proposes an enhanced mobile TV contents model that provides interactive 3D objects and GUI for the viewers to interact with the broadcasting contents. By applying the model to the DMB environment, this study suggests a direction for future developments of mobile broadcasting contents. In order to represent 3D graphics on mobile TV, we analyzed MPEG-BIFS 3D nodes and composed a subset of VRML profile, and defined new nodes that can efficiently represent GUI at the content development level. If this study helps facilitate expression of 3D graphics and interactions in data contents composition, enhanced efficiency of contents development is expected to promote the development of various contents suitable for the mobile broadcasting environment.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.81-108
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• 2019

This research has investigated the perceptions of subject specialization services and the opinions of students majoring in library and information science preparing for librarianship, librarians operating in the field, and library directors on the status and ways of nurturing subject specialization for librarians, among others. To this end, based on the results of previous research and the survey questionnaire analysis, we have presented a policy to train subject librarians. First, we have proposed a plan for systematizing the current educational system within the department of library and information science. We have also suggested ways to secure subject expertise based on curriculum management, minor programs, multi-major programs, and interdisciplinary major programs based on the standard curriculum model. Second, we have presented a subject specialization educational system for field librarians, and further suggested details for the development of an educational program that can help build subject expertise and the operation of educational methods as well as the personnel in charge of implementing the educational programs. Third, we have proposed institutionalization of the qualifications of the subject librarian where the qualification requirements have been organized considering academic background, major program, library career, and career experience in the subject specialization service, further suggesting the implementation and maintenance of the system.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.137-146
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• 2011

The elementary school English Education Course consists of four integrated aspects of language (Listen, Speak, Read, Write) used to develop skills for daily communication in English. yet the 6th Grade English Education Curriculum focuses almost exclusively on sentence completion through copying and "fill-in-the-blank" exercises. Further, these activities are insufficient time to develop literacy skills. Additionally, the curriculum's emphasis on memorization within the written component is very time consuming for students, leading many to develop negative opinions of the written aspect of a comprehensive understanding of English. This thesis attempts to address each these problems through development of a web-based Learning Model for Cooperative Writing in English. The study resulted in three observations. First, this model overcame limitations of the current teaching model in schools. Second, students expressed more interest in the experimental model than in the current curriculum and standard pedagogical methods. Finally, the study demonstrated that improvement of English literacy is indeed possible using the model presented here.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.135-143
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• 2000

The COCOMO Ⅱ model is well-suited for the new software development life cycle such as non-sequential and rapid-development processes. The traditional regression approach based on the least square criterion is the most commonly used technique for empirical calibration in the COCOMO Ⅱ model. But it has a few assumptions frequently violated by software engineering data sets. It is true that the source data is also generally imprecise in reporting size, effort, and cost-driver ratings, particularly across different organizations. And that the outlier for the source data is a peculiarity and indicates a data pint To cope with difficulties, in this paper, we propose a new regression method for calibrating COCOMO Ⅱ post-architecture model based on the minimum relative erro(MRE) criterion. The characteristic of the proposed method is insensitive to the extreme values of the data in the empirical calibration. As the experimental results, It is evident that our proposed calibration method MRE was shown to be superior to the traditional regression approach for model calibration, as illustrated by the values obtained for standard deviation(^σ), and prediction at level L PRED(L) measures.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.771-783
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• 2022

In this study, the feasibility of alternative tractor Roll Over Protective Structure (ROPS) designed to evaluate conditions required for testing was confirmed. In accordance with Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) code 4, the required load energy of the tractor ROPS was determined. First, the tractor ROPS test was performed and a repeated test was performed using a simplified ROPS as an alternative tractor ROPS. The test procedure is first rearward, second lateral, and last forward based on ROPS. The load test device consists of a load cell that measures force and a LVDT that measures deformation. Precision was confirmed by calculating the relative standard deviation of the simplified ROPS repeated test. Accuracy was analyzed by calculating the mean relative error between the mean measured values in the simplified ROPS test and the tractor ROPS test. As a result, the relative standard deviation was less than 2.5% for force and 3.3% for maximum deformation overall, showed the highest precision in lateral load. The mean relative error value for force measured at the lateral load of simplified ROPS was 0.5%, showing the highest accuracy. In the front load test, the mean relative error of maximum deformation was 20.5%, showing the lowest accuracy. The mean relative error (MRE) was high in the forward load test was because of structural factors of the ROPS. The simplified ROPS model is expected to save money and time spent preparing tractors.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2014

Until recently, photogrammetric applications for processing the satellite images and remotely sensed data have been used in different structure of functions and interfaces for sensor modeling by each developer. Thus, a standardized utilization procedure was necessary to solve the problems, such as expandability, cost, inefficiency of sources which were resulted from different approaches. Therefore, National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) provided unified interfaces by developing Community Sensor Model (CSM) to sensor models in same way. In this study, we suggested the method of design and analyzed main functions needed modeling for the frame sensor using CSM Application Program Interface (API) provided by NGA. We also applied the designed structure to the modeling. The implemented CSM was verified by groundToImage and imageToGround. In the future, the active R&D is expected with using CSM due to the cost saving effect of software development and remarkable expandability of sensor.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.673-698
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• 2012

In this study, we suggest the standards for future mathematics classroom from environment, teachers, and students aspects. Future mathematics classroom should have the three environmental standards that perform responsible roles and appropriate functions of physical resources and classroom space. In the teacher standards' domain, we presented as a total of eight kinds. Concretely, we proposed the four standards for improvement of mathematical teacher's instructional expertise and the four standards for improvement of abilities of learners. The students standards consist of 4 domain a such as 3 standards of mathematical investigation and problem solving, 3 standards of cooperation and communication, 1 standard of utilization and operation of mathematical technologies and learning support systems, 2 standard of digital ethics and citizenship. Also, we developed the mathematical convergence instruction model and reported the results of its application after the lessons conducted in the classroom equipped with advanced environmental and technologies. We presented the convergence instruction model and scenarios focused on thoughts and actions of teachers and students in the future mathematics classroom.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.15-20
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• 2018

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to analyze the magnitude of shoving of asphalt pavement by junction type between airport concrete and asphalt pavements, and to suggest a junction type to reduce shoving. METHODS : The actual pavement junction of a domestic airport, which is called airport "A" was modified by placing the bottom of the buried slab on the top surface of the subbase. A finite element model was developed that simulated three junction types: a standard section of junction proposed by the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration), an actual section of junction from airport "A" and a modified section of junction from airport "A". The vertical displacement of the asphalt surface caused by the horizontal displacement of the concrete pavement was investigated in the three types of junction. RESULTS : A vertical displacement of approximately 13 mm occurred for the FAA standard section under horizontal pushing of 100 mm, and a vertical displacement of approximately 55 mm occurred for the actual section of airport "A" under the same level of pushing. On the other hand, for the modified section from airport "A" a vertical displacement of approximately 17 mm occurred under the same level of pushing, which is slightly larger than the vertical displacement of the FAA standard section. CONCLUSIONS : It was confirmed that shoving of the asphalt pavement at the junction could be reduced by placing the bottom of the buried slab on the top surface of the subbase. It was also determined that the junction type suggested in this study was more advantageous than the FAA standard section because it resists faulting by the buried slab that is connected to the concrete pavement. Faulting of the junctions caused by aircraft loading will be compared by performing finite element analysis in the following study.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2008

Based on the data obtained from field investigation and soil testing to slope hazards occurrence section and non-occurrence section in gneiss area, a prediction technique was developed by the use of a decision tree model, which is one of the statistical analysis methods. The slope hazards data of Seoul and Kyonggi Province, which were induced by heavy rainfall in 1998, were 104 sections in gneiss area. The number of data applied in developing prediction model was 61 sections except a vacant value. Among these data, the number of data occurred slope hazards was 34 sections and the number of data non-occurred slope hazards was 27 sections. The statistical analyses using the decision tree model were applied to chi-square statistics, gini index and entrophy index. As the results of analyses, a slope angle, a degree of saturation and an elevation were selected as the classification standard. The prediction model of decision tree using entrophy index is most likely accurate. The classification standard of the selected prediction model is composed of the slope angle, the degree of saturation and the elevation from the first choice stage. The classification standard values of the slope angle, the degree of saturation and elevation are $17.9^{\circ}$, 52.1% and 320 m, respectively.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.181-185
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• 2008

Recently, the Virtual Reality(VR) became one of the most powerful tools in making media files. In the field of engineering, while it is increasing to use 3D CAD model in the process of design to manufacturing, the VR is not popular in comparison with media business. XVL(eXtensible Virtual Reality Markup Language) is one of XML(eXtensible Markup Language) which is a standard web media language. XVL provides the connection between 3D CAD data and virtual reality, and it can be easily published through internet for the engineering purpose. In this study, a web based VR model for major components in a nuclear power plant has been developed by using XVL and corresponding 3D CAD data. The proposed model is expected to be used in the engineering field to cooperate among experts, and also, it will provide more plausible explanation to ordinary people.