• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.843-851
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• 2009

Much work has already been done to control and regulate the worldwide problems caused by climate change, particularly the issues on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), having the highest form of concentration among GHGs composed around 1.0 billion tons of emission, and comprises about 98% of the total emissions from the shipping industry. Korean trade mainly rely on the sea transportation. Korean ship tonnages that was brought about by shipbuilders all over the country, continues to grow annually due to the prevailing demands on goods or material supplies and depicting only a small part of the global maritime activity. Nowadays, new build ships coming from the Korean Shipbuilders are being optimized by hull, structure and appendages design, The operational capability of the propulsion and auxiliary machineries in its maximum capacity to achieve the highest possible efficiencies for energy and onboard power use to mitigate $CO_2$ emissions are continually being done through the help of research and development. In this paper, the energy efficiency design index and anboard power capacity of Korean new build ships have been analyzed with response to data collected by ship types, and its respective fuel consumption in relation to $CO_2$ emission results. In response to climate change convention outcome proposals, the best way for the new build ships to become energy efficient is by lowering its operational speed thru adopting the state of the art diesel propulsion engines, patronizing the best sailing practice to lower the transportation cost on the different sea trade routes also helps in $CO_2$ mitigation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.251-265
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• 2001

As the device scaling proceeds, the operating voltage(VDD) of giga-bit DRAMs is expected to be reduced to 1.5V or down, fir improving the device reliability and reducing the power dissipation. Therefore the low-voltage circuit design techniques are required to implement giga-bit DRAMs. In this work, state-of-art low-voltage DRAM circuit techniques are reviewed, and four kinds of low-voltage circuit design techniques are newly proposed for giga-bit DRAMs. Measurement results of test chips and SPICE simulation results are presented for the newly proposed circuit design techniques, which include a hierarchical negative-voltage word-line driver with reduced subthreshold leakage current, a two-phase VBB(Back-Bias Voltage) generator, a two-phase VPP(Boosted Voltage) generator and a bandgap reference voltage generator.

• Archives of design research
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• no.16
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• pp.17-25
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• 1996

, \l!ernatives in multi dimensional decision prohlems generally possess numerous attrihutes by which they can be describ('d and compared, The ('\';dllation factors include all attributes that have Ic\'(']s specified by quantitative and qualitativc objectil'l'S, Howev'('f since qualitative factors arc difficul! to quantify as num('ral estimates, these factors have tended to bl' ignored without regard for their importance to human contrnl. In this study, the author adapted :j ('va]uation methods with critrria which have qualitative and qualitative attributes: the Intuitive Evaluation ~1cthods the Accumulativc' Evaluation Model the Benchmarking Evaluation Methods, and studied the corrC'iation between them, The results show that Ill(' :j Mrthods have reciprocal relationships under reliability (r=O, (XX)]] In order to removl' obstacles of desi!;n ev'aluation ( lots of timl' l'llnsumption, constr;lints of placc" difficulties of hu!;!' data procc'ssin!;), it is necessary to be developed a new ('va]uation syst('rn which could prov'idc' effective rat in!; of desi!;n v'alm's 10 make value judw'rnents, , \l!ernatives in multi dimensional decision prohlems generally possess numerous attrihutes by which they can be describ('d and compared, The ('\';dllation factors include all attributes that have Ic\'(']s specified by quantitative and qualitativc objectil'l'S, Howev'('f since qualitative factors arc difficul! to quantify as num('ral estimates, these factors have tended to bl' ignored without regard for their importance to human contrnl. In this study, the author adapted :j ('va]uation methods with critrria which have qualitative and qualitative attributes: the Intuitive Evaluation ~1cthods the Accumulativc' Evaluation Model the Benchmarking Evaluation Methods, and studied the corrC'iation between them, The results show that Ill(' :j Mrthods have reciprocal relationships under reliability (r=O, (XX)]] In order to removl' obstacles of desi!;n ev'aluation ( lots of timl' l'llnsumption, constr;lints of placc" difficulties of hu!;!' data procc'ssin!;), it is necessary to be developed a new ('va]uation syst('rn which could prov'idc' effective rat in!; of desi!;n v'alm's 10 make value judw'rnents,alm's 10 make value judw'rnents,

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.155-165
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• 2014

This study deals with the proposals and the verification of the causal relationship between improvements of corporate manager's learning attitude for enterprises productivity and managerial effectiveness, the learner's familiarity and personal character strengths that are classified as positive psychology-based theory. For this study, researchers designed the structural equation model using the AMOS analysis. And researchers conducted the interviews using a questionnaire survey of quantitative research methods. Results of the analysis are as below. First, both online and offline classes were identified as the learner's character strengths affect the positive effect to the learner's familiarity strengths. Second, the learner's familiarity affects the positive effect to improvements of learning attitude. And the last, the learner's character strengths and improvements of learning attitude are not significant effect each other, therefore researcher could be found that the role of mediating variables of the learner's familiarity strengths. In this study, researchers analyzed the relationship between familiarity strengths and improving the learning attitudes needed for a desirable curriculum development considering the learners' personality factors. These findings contribute to an ideal course of study when educator design a curriculum and contribute to a successful communication strategy.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.287-300
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• 2007

Wind action is a factor of fundamental importance in the structural design of light or slender constructions. Codes for structural design usually assume that the incident mean wind velocity is parallel to the ground, which constitutes a valid simplification for frequent winds caused by meteorological phenomena such as Extratropical Storms (EPS) or Tropical Storms. Wind effects due to other phenomena, such as thunderstorms, and its combination with EPS winds in so-called squall lines, are simply neglected. In this paper a model that describes the three-dimensional wind velocity field originated from a downburst in a thunderstorm (TS) is proposed. The model is based on a semi empirical representation of an axially-symmetrical flow line pattern that describes a stationary field, modulated by a function that accounts for the evolution of the wind velocity with time. The model allows the generation of a spatially and temporally variable velocity field, which also includes a fluctuating component of the velocity. All parameters employed in the model are related to meteorological variables, which are susceptible of statistical assessment. A background wind is also considered, in order to account for the translational velocity of the thunderstorm, normally due to local wind conditions. When the translation of the TS is caused by an EPS, a squall line is produced, causing the highest wind velocities associated with TS events. The resulting vertical velocity profiles were also studied and compared with existing models, such as the profiles proposed by Vicroy, et al. (1992) and Wood and Kwok (1998). The present model predicts horizontal velocity profiles that depend on the distance to the storm center, effect not considered by previous models, although the various proposals are globally compatible. The model can be applied in any region of interest, once the relevant meteorological variables are known, to simulate the excitation due to TS winds in the design of transmission lines, long-span crossings, cable-stayed bridges, towers or similar structures.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.508-526
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• 2020

This study has established a fashion illustration education plan using the contour drawing that fosters observational ability and enables creative drawing. This study developed two illustration curriculum proposals consisting of 15 weeks, combining literature and case studies. The researchers organized a step-by-step teaching plan that utilizes contour drawing according to the three stages of fashion illustration classes: foundation courses, general courses, and intensive courses. When the contour drawing is used at the beginning stage of the foundation courses of fashion illustration, it can be used as a technique to reduce the fear of students about practical skills, induce interest in illustration, and cultivate observation ability about objects. In general process, it is combined with various tools and coloring materials to strengthen expression power, and it is possible to produce detailed expressions and illustrations about human body and clothing. In intensive courses, it is expanded to the production of creative works with new aesthetics through digital techniques and mixed materials. As such, the contour drawing is expanded in various ways according to the learning contents and goals of each step, and is flexibly adjusted according to the learning content. Contour drawing has the effect of acquiring observation and expression ability, and it is analyzed as a technique that enables the production of creative illustration of students.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.99-112
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• 2015

Digital imaging technology has advanced beyond the limits of the multimedia industry IT convergence, and to develop a complex industry, particularly in the field of object recognition, face smart-phones associated with various Application technology are being actively researched. Recently, face recognition technology is evolving into an intelligent object recognition through image recognition technology, detection technology, the detection object recognition through image recognition processing techniques applied technology is applied to the IP camera through the 3D image object recognition technology Face Recognition been actively studied. In this paper, we first look at the essential human factor, technical factors and trends about the technology of the human object recognition based SPFACS(Smile Progress Facial Action Coding System)study measures the smile detection technology recognizes multi-faceted object recognition. Study Method: 1)Human cognitive skills necessary to analyze the 3D object imaging system was designed. 2)3D object recognition, face detection parameter identification and optimal measurement method using the AAM algorithm inside the proposals and 3)Face recognition objects (Face recognition Technology) to apply the result to the recognition of the person's teeth area detecting expression recognition demonstrated by the effect of extracting the feature points.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.29-35
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• 2014

Purpose - This study highlights the inter-dependence between business and society. Various business strategies like Corporate Philanthropy and CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) are introduced to establish better relationship between business and society. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - This study presents a research model clarifying the role of Creating Shared Value (CSV) and its influence on overall corporate performance. Further, we reveal the mediating role of corporate trust generated by various mechanisms of economic and social values, leading to enhanced corporate performance. Results - The proposed research model addresses five different proposals indicating that, by incorporating CSV approaches, organizations can create both business and social values. These values help positively influence corporate trust, ultimately facilitating improvements in overall corporate performance. Conclusions - CSV is currently in its early stage; it is difficult to gather meaningful data to measure its performance. However, this study seeks to connect CSV with other important factors such as corporate trust. The proposed model can be a starting point for a more empirical and formal conceptualization of CSV along with other important links.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.633-638
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• 1994

Asynchronous Transfer Model(ATM) has a fixed-length packet transport scheme. It is one of promising proposals in Broadband ISDN(B-ISDN). Since the packet length is fixed, it can be potentially to perform the various service to user. In this paper, a queueing model for an ATM Multiplexer loaded by the Continuous Bit Rate(CBR) traffic and the bursty traffic sources is analyzed. The queueing system has a finite buffer size. The cell loss probabilities with the simple and recurcive form for a performance measures of ATM multiplexer are derived, and are also evaluated through numerical examples. The results of this study may be used as guidelines in buffer design problems and performance analysis of ATM multiplexing system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.121-129
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• 2003

The purpose of this research was to discuss pending taste of the Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture(KILA). Two subjects were discussed; one was the role of KILA as a supporter of landscape research, and the other was the role of KILA as a safeguard for its members. The results of this research were as follows. To support landscape research, several proposals were suggested. It is necessary for the development of landscape architecture for us to share some pages of our journal for essays which deal with current landscape issues, in order to introduce advanced overseas landscape trends or landscape techniques. For the field of landscape construction and landscape management, it is necessary to prepare a column of technical notes which introduce new techniques of landscape construction and management. For the field of landscape design, a larger seperate volume must be prepared with color printing. It is an efficient way to cooperate with other institutions that have the same member as KILA. To safeguard KILA members, it is important to maintain our status as a registered journal of Korea Research Foundation and to publish an international journal. For prospective young researchers, publication of an english journal is under consultation with the Japanese Institution of Landscape Architecture and the Chinese Institution of Landscape Architecture. The publication of an international land-scape journal to be recorded in the ISI journal in the near future will promote the research abilities of KILA members.