• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.78-88
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• 2003

This study was conducted to develop the plant-mat for ecological restoration which was formed as the thin multi-layers of woven nets, soil media, seeds, etc. The experimental site was selected at a slope of 240$m^2$ at the rear of Design College of Sangmyung University and divided into 8 sub-experimental plots (20$m^2$ each) according to mat types. (forest-type and grass-type mats with and without seed attachment, respectively) Also, the existing vegetation plot and the no-treatment plot were included in this experiment for comparison. The experiment construction was conducted on September 3, 2002. Mat covered plots regardless of seed attachment showed nearly no signs of erosion even if rainy season in summer compared to the no-treatment plot. Vegetation monitoring result showed that germination rates were somewhat high in both forest and grass-type mats without seed attachment in the initial germination stage. Although germination rates of seed attached mats were somewhat slower than non-seed attached mats in the germination stage, but over time, it showed a good rooting and shooting environment for germinated tree and grass species because of soil media existence within the mat. This indicates that while non seed-attached mats require follow-up maintenance, seed-attached mats does not require maintenance after rooting and germination.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.225-231
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• 1997

Optimization theory was applied to a native and two imported soybeans. Failure stress and stress relaxation curve was measured with rheometer, and color was measured by colorimeter. The effects of each soybean upon the tofu texture were expressed through a non-linear canonical regression model and trace plot. Compared to the other imported soybeans, native soybean produced a higher strength in tofu texture, and showed the positive increase in viscoelastic properties such as instantaneous stress, equilibrium stress and relaxation time, whereas it had no effect on whiteness from reference blend, represented that native soy-bean showed the individual strength upon the selected rheological texture properties. Higher soaking ability in native soybean was selected as a new response for the optimization mixture process, and it contributed positively to the rheological properties of tofu. New soaking process control system during processing and desirability for the mathematical model should be applied for a better mixture design in varieties of soybeans.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.125-132
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the effects on chemical properties of soil and yield of chinese cabbage when the piggery liquid slurry (ADS) digested anaerobically in the biogas plant was sprinkled to the soils. Treatments were composed of non-nitrogen plot (PK), chemical fertilizer plot (NPK) and ADS plot, and were arranged by randomized block design with 3 replications. The ADS was an alkali (pH 8.6) fertilizer containing 0.55% of total nitrogen, optimal levels of phosphorus, potassium and other components. When based (100%) on the yield of chinese cabbage in the NPK, those of the ADS and the PK were 114% and 43%, respectively. The nitrogen absorption of chinese cabbage at 50-d after transplant was significantly greater (p<0.05) in the ADS than other treatment. Heavy metal contents of soil were not difference between before and after experiment. With supplementing phosphorus and potassium sources in it, the ADS should be an excellent fertilizer in cabbage culture.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2022

Objective: The fermentation profile and silage quality of 3 Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) cultivars (cvs. Devis, Hellen, and Trinova) treated with 5 nitrogen doses (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg/ha) were evaluated. Methods: The experiment was laid out in split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications. Annual ryegrass cultivars used in this study have been commonly grown in Turkey. Nitrogen doses were set in main plot and cultivars in split plot in the field. Plants were harvested at full-flowering stage with dry matter content about 220 g/kg for first cutting and 260 g/kg for second cutting. Harvested plants were chopped theoretically into 2 to 3 cm lengths for ensiling. Chopped fresh materials were ensilaged by compressing in 2 L plastic jars about 3±0.1 kg. Results: Effects of N doses on dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, dry matter digestibility, relative feed value, crude protein, pH, ammonia nitrogen, lactic acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid/acetic acid were statistically significant while water soluble carbohydrate, ash and organic matter were not statistically different. Ammonia nitrogen, crude protein, ash, organic matter, lactic acid, and lactic acid/acetic acid were affected by cultivars, but the other parameters were not. Increasing nitrogen applications positively affected the chemical composition of annual ryegrass silage. The significant increase in protein content was remarkable, however, silage fermentation properties were adversely affected by the increasing nitrogen dose. Conclusion: It can be recommended 150 kg/ha nitrogen dose for annual ryegrass harvested at full blooming stage. Even though the silage fermentation properties of the used cultivars were similar, cv. Devis gave better results than the others in terms of silage pH and relative feed value.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2022

In-situ pilot experiment was carried out to establish a countermeasure on the soil loss from the hill side uplands that was rehabilitated by soil remediation method nearby abandoned mine sites for 2 years. It was considered that the affect of an inclination of cover surface, a stabilization treatment of cover layer by lime and steel refining slag (SRS) and a vegetation of soil surface as an effect factors in the experiment. It was constructed 4 lysimeters (plots, 22 m long, 4 m width) on the hilly side (37% inclination). One plot was control and two plots was treated by 1% lime and SRS. A remind one plot was modified a inclination to 27% to compare the affect of inclination on the amount of cover soil loss. It was attached a reservior tank and water level gauge in the end of lysimeters to measure the amount of the surface water flow and soil loss. It was also installed the automated sensors that could be collect the precipitation, soil moisture content, tension of cover layer in each plots. It was observed that the event of precipitation were caused the soil loss and it were related the physical and chemical properties of cover soil and inclination of surface layer of plots. During the experiment, it was exceeded the national regulation (50 t/ha/yr) in 37% inclination plots even though it was vegetated on the cover soil surface. However, in 27% inclination plot, it was shown that the amount of soil loss was maintained below the national regulation and, more ever, vegetation could reduce the the amount of soil loss. Therefore it was expected that such results could be applied to the future design of rehabilitation projects on the polluted farmland nearby abandoned mine sites.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.393-397
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• 2000

The cometaboic biodegradation conditionso f trichloroethylene(TCE) by Burkholderia cepacia G4 were optimized using response surface analysis. The experimental sets of phenol concentration temperature and pH were designed using central composite experimental design. The optimal conditions of phenol concentration temperature and pH were determined to be 0.91 ppm 21.5$^{\circ}C$ and 7.65 respectively by the Ridge analysis of the contour plot for TCE biodegradation rates. The TCE biodegradation rate could be enhanced up to 2.43 nmol.mg protein$.$min by response surface methodology.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.581-588
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• 1997

Univariate F test is based on the multisample sphericity assumption. Robustness for tests of a main effect of the within-subjects factor was investigated when the assumptions of the onmibus F tests are violated in a split-plot design with one between-subjects factor using untrimmed data and trimmed data. The results indicate that when sample sizes are unbalanced and dispersion matrices are heterogeneous, the CIGA and the $CIGA_T$ tests better control Type I error rates than do the $F_T$test and the$\widetilde{\xi_T}$test.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.6 no.11
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• pp.981-986
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• 2000

A pulse amplitude modulation(PAM) controller is designed for the 3 axis attitude control of a sounding rocket. a certain number of fixed level of thrust are used for the pulse amplitude modulation and the nonlinearity of the controller is considered to examine the existence of the limit cycles and the stability analysis is carried out with the aid of Nyquist plot.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.68-79
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• 1995

Good estimation of the slopes of the mixture response function may be important as well as estimation of mean mixture response. It is possible to evaluate and compare several mixture designs with respect to the slope. A graphical method is proposed that allows us to evaluate a given design's support for the fitted model in terms of slope variance. We can plot variances of slopes along Cox direction according to existence of restriction of simplex region when comparing several different mixture designs.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1990.10a
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• pp.485-492
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• 1990

This paper propose a optimal design method for robust notion controllers of under-water vehicles using the combined technique between classical and modern theories. The proposed method is presented which utilizes classical control methods to obtain a good robustness and modern control methods to set optimal gains. LQ, SVD, multivariable frequency analysis and Bode-Root Locus (BRL) plot are used.