• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.14
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• pp.63-73
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• 1998

The aim of this study is to understand and redefine the nature of architectural environment within the paradigm of natural science. The chaos theory non-equilibrium thermodynamics theory self-organization of modern physics offer new insights to explain not only natural phenomena but also to define creative and dynamic architectural environment. First natural laws in modern physics like the arrow of time but is related not only with certainty but also possibility so nature is understood as a constantly changing process of evolution. Second the new architectural environment is defined as a kind of fluid and irreducible organic biosytem that cannot be fully understood by modernist idea of architecture. It is conceived of as a fluid constantly changing self-oraganizing system that consists of different situations events movements and programs in uncertain and irreducible time frame. Third insights and implications of natural science offer new language and strategy for design and the two disciplines can be understood as interdependent and co-evolving

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.129-136
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• 2014

PURPOSES : This study devotes its energies to estimate greenhouse gas emissions for types of horizontal highway designs. METHODS : This paper suggested two types of road scenarios, scenario 1 is made by the lack of road design consistency. Beside scenario 1, scenario 2 is made by good road design. For comparisons of greenhouse gas emissions, driving simulator was used. RESULTS : Emission rates of road scenario 1 are 1.4 times higher than scenario 2 in the driving simulator. CONCLUSIONS : This study may have important implications for contributing to the application of road alignment technology for reduction of greenhouse gases as quantifying the correlations between greenhouse emissions and various road alignments. Consequently, this study will help road designers determine which roads are best alternatives in the process of choosing the roads in the future in terms of environmental benefits.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.4
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• pp.16-21
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• 1995

Although it has been suggested that lighting influences our moods, little is known about dimensionality of mood patterns. The knowledge of consumer's mood pattern in lighting condition may provide interior designers with a valuable information for the lighting design. This article investigates the underlying structure of moods occuring in lighting conditions. Meanwhile, this examines custom-ers' desired mood type of lighting, and explores the influ-ence of individual characteristics on selecting the preffered lighting moods. The result uncovers five discriminable patterns of mood-dynamic, intimate, delightful, elegant, and serene feeling results from well organized lighting system. Among the five moods, serene atmosphere appears to be the most preffered mood from respondants. It is also found that the perceived preference of lighting atmo-sphere varies across personal characteristics of the cus-tomers, socio-economic differences and the visiting pur-poses to the coffeeshop. These findings present interest-ing and potentially valuable implications for interior de-signers that proper planning of lights which inducemoods can achieve dramatic effects and aid in the cre-ation of the desired atmosphere.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.313-325
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to design a cyber mathematics mentoring system which is helpful for interactive mathematics mentoring among mentors and learners. We review theories about various technological tools that are related to students' interest, participation and motivation in the course of on-line and off-line activities, and we also research the effectiveness of such tools. Also we consider educational implications of the cyber mathematics mentoring system for pre-service teachers, in-service teachers, learners and mentors.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

In this paper we consider a design problem of a cyclic queueing network with two stages, each with a local buffer of limited capacity. Based on the theory of reversibility and product-form solution, we derive the throughput function of the network as a key performance measure to maximize. Two cases are considered. In case each stage consists of a single server, an optimal allocation policy of a given buffer capacity and work load between stages as well as the optimal number of customers is identified by exploiting the properties of the throughput function. In case each stage consists of multiple servers, the optimal policy developed for the single server case doesn't hold any more and an algorithm is developed to allocate with a small number of computations a given number of servers, buffer capacity as well as total work load and the total number of customers. The differences of the optimal policies between two cases and the implications of the results are also discussed. The results can be applied to support the design of certain manufacturing and computer/communication systems.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.205-214
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• 2004

The intent of this study is to investigate the current situations and planning implications of elementary schools in urban housing blocks, and to propose the planning and design guidelines for them. The premise of this research is that an elementary school should function as a communal facility, shared by its community, so called open-school. 32 schools in three new towns were selected as sample cases and they were closely surveyed in terms of their site planning issues in residential blocks, and three sample open-elementary schools were analyzed in a comparative manner for finding their roles and functional fulfillment as a communal facility in the neighborhoods. Based on the findings, several planning principles and design techniques or devices are suggested for the utilization of elementary schools by local residents, mainly making issues of location, relationship to other facilities and open spaces in residential blocks, access, apartment layout, school building and outdoor spaces, and open program.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.16
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• pp.1-65
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• 2003

The focus of this article is on the process of cultivating students' interests so that they come to view mathematics as an activity worthy of their engagement. We first define and operationalize the notion of interests, in the process developing a perspective in which they are seen to be generative, to evolve, and to be deeply cultural. We concretize this perspective by presenting an analysis of a classroom design experiment that documents both the process by which the students' interests evolved and the means by which these developments were supported. We then frame the analysis as a case in which to tease out the implications for a nascent design theory of mathematical interests and in doing so give particular attention to the issue of equity in students' access to significant mathematical ideas

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.67-77
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• 2016

Purpose: This paper aimis to analyze the characteristics of ward plan of Korean hospital architecture constructed in each periods and identify the change since 1945. Methods: Literature review was conducted while ward plans for analysis were sellected. And then the important points of ward design were analyzed in each periods. Results: The important points of ward design - type of corridor in ward plan, number of beds per nursing unit, location of nurse station, organization of multi-bed rooms, location of patient toilet, number of day room, concentration and separation of elevator halls for patient and general- were analyzed and the characteristics of change were identified in each periods. Implications: This paper could be a basic data for arranging the history of hospital architecture in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.135-144
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• 2017

The development of human civilization has been accompanied by a corresponding development of storage facilities. In particular, the storage of residential spaces not only performs the storage management function for personal property but also is considered an important prerequisite for a comfortable life. While examining the history of the transformation of built-in furniture, this study emphasizes the social and cultural implications of Korean residences. Therefore, We attempt to uncover the Korean characteristics that can be discovered in the transformation of storage furniture according to the changes that occurred in Korean residential forms following the modern era and to question the problematic issues of the built-in furniture in Korea.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Recently, smart grid has been considered a very important new energy delivery technology, and one that can help ensure a cleaner environment by making use of information and communication technology (ICT) in countries around the world. The many technological benefits smart grid offers is expected to bring about a huge change in the electric energy supply chain. In particular, smart grid with advanced ICT is likely to allow market agents to participate in the decision-making process in the restructured electricity industry, easily facilitating Homeostatic Utility Control. In this paper, we examine smart grid as a market externality, and then illustrate issues from the commercial market perspective as it relates to electricity market design. Finally, our paper identifies some of the impacts of smart grid on electricity market design, which may possibly be incorporated into the evolution of the electricity market, thus ensuring market efficiency.