• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2004

This study is to investigate the various concepts of ecology for developing the perspectives and approaching guidelines to the ecological building design. The concepts of ecology may be some background to the environmental issues within architecture. While there are many words which mean environmentally-friendly architecture, ecological building design to which I refer here is the ecocentric and holistic design rather than the anthropocentric and mechanical one. Ecological and social systems are open, interacting, and unpredictable. So we should leave room within our planning of architectural project and in construction of new housing development for nature's unpredictable events. The approach to ecological building design might be the holistic perspectives, the respect of place and participation of people, to admit the complexity and diversity. The world in which we are living is highly unstable.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2014

This study aimed to investigate the diversity of the Butyrivibrio group bacteria in goat rumen and its response to garlic oil (GO) supplementation as revealed by molecular analysis of cloned 16S rRNA genes. Six wethers fitted with ruminal fistulas were assigned to two groups for a cross-over design with 28-d experimental period and 14-d interval. Goats were fed a basal diet without (control) or with GO ruminal infusion (0.8 g/d). Ruminal contents were used for DNA extraction collected before morning feeding on d 28. A total bacterial clone library was firstly constructed by nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene cloned sequences using universal primers. The resulting plasmids selected by Butyrivibrio-specific primers were used to construct a Butyrivibrio group-specific bacterial clone library. Butyrivibrio group represented 12.98% and 10.95% of total bacteria in control and GO group, respectively. In libraries, clones were classified to the genus Pseudobutyrivibrio, Butyrivibrio and others within the family Lachnospiraceae. Additionally, some specific clones were observed in GO group, being classified to the genus Ruminococcus and others within the family Ruminococcaceae. Based on the criterion that the similarity was 97% or greater with database sequences, there were 29.73% and 18.42% of clones identified as known isolates (i.e. B. proteoclasticus and Ps. ruminis) in control and GO groups, respectively. Further clones identified as B. fibrisolvens (5.41%) and R. flavefaciens (7.89%) were specifically found in control and GO groups, respectively. The majority of clones resembled Ps. ruminis (98% to 99% similarity), except for Lachnospiraceae bacteria (87% to 92% similarity) in the two libraries. The two clone libraries also appeared different in Shannon diversity index (control 2.47 and GO group 2.91). Our results indicated that the Butyrivibrio group bacteria had a complex community with considerable unknown species in the goat rumen.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.247-263
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 공항운영에서 다양성과 창의성 및 공기업경영평가 수행도가 공항성과에 어떠한 영향을미치고 있는지 실증연구를 통해 규명하고자 한다. 이를 위해, 본 연구의 문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 다양성이 창의성에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는가? 둘째, 다양성이 공항성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는가? 셋째, 창의성이 공항성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는가? 넷째, 창의성은다양성과 공항성과 간에서 매개효과가 유의한가? 다섯째, 공기업 경영평가 수행도는 다양성과 공항성과 간에서 조절효과가 유의한가? 이다. 연구결과 첫째, 다양성과 창의성에 관한 이론적 관계에 대해 어떤 관계가 있는지 설명하였다. 둘째, 내적 다양성이 창의성에 긍정적으로 유미한 영향을 미친다는 것을 실증적으로 밝혔다. 셋째, 창의성이 공항성과에 긍정적으로 영향을 미치는 것을 입증하였다. 넷째, 다양성과 공항성과 간에서 창의성이 간접효과가 유의한 것을 실증적으로 밝혔다. 다섯째, 공기업 경영평가 수행도가 다양성과 공항성과 간에서 유의미하게 조절한다는 것을 밝혔다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.83-95
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• 2022

Purpose - With the recent spread of COVID-19, U.S. consumers' consumption pattern is changing towards purchasing large-capacity products, as they stay at home longer. Thus, the current research investigates the effects of box shape and component diversity for large-sized products on product evaluation in logistic business. Moreover, this research examines that information-processing fluency mediates the moderating effects of box shape and product components on target evaluations to confirm psychological mechanism for generating this effect. Design/methodology - In order to examine the hypotheses, the current research conducts two online experiments. The 184 participants (Study 1), and 205 participants (Study 2) of U.S. nationality were recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk. This research analyzes the data by using SPSS 25 and PROCESS macro 4.0. Findings - Study 1 demonstrates that when the height of a box is greater than its width, products with single components promote positive target evaluations, while when the width of box is greater than its height, products with a variety of components lead to positive target evaluations. Study 2 shows that the same results are replicated in other product categories and with different box shape ratios. Moreover, Study 2 also finds that the ease of information processing mediates the interaction effects of box shape and component diversity on U.S. consumers' target evaluations. Originality/value - The current research has originality in that it investigates the effect of box shape and product composition diversity on U.S. consumer product evaluation from the perspective of information-processing theory Moreover, this research has practical implications for global traders who prepare for entering the U.S. market.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.15-18
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• 2005

Cooperative diversity is a transmission technique, in which multiple terminals pool their resources to form a virtual antenna array that realizes spatial diversity gain in a distributed fashion. In this paper, we propose a new type of cooperative transmission protocol with a full rate and show that its BER performance is improved by 8dB over the existing protocol under the AF (amplify-and-forward) mode of relaying.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 Ⅲ
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• pp.1359-1362
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• 2003

The intrusions appears continuously by new unknown attacks exploiting vulnerabilities of systems or components but there are no perfect solutions to protect this unknown attacks. To overcome this problem, in this paper, we have proposed and implemented a Web service intrusion tolerant system that provides continuous Web services to the end users transparently even after the occurrence of an attack against the Web services, and prevents the disclosure of system's configuration data from server Our system has an N+l node architecture which is to minimize the number of redundant server nodes and to tolerate the intrusion effectively, and it also supports diversity in its design. Experimental result obtained on an implemented system show that our system can cope with intrusion such as DoS, file modification, confidentiality compromise of system properly.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1025-1031
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 레일레이 페이딩과 AWGN 환경에서 STTD(Space Time Transmitter Diversity)기법을 적용한 시스템에서 오수신확률을 유도한다. 라플라스 변환을 이용하여 L개의 독립적이고 동일분포의 다중간섭신호에 대한 새로운 확률밀도함수를 유도하고, 신호대 간섭성분신호의 평균전력의 비와 신호대 잡음의 비로 오수신확률을 나타낸다. 또한 셀룰러 시스템에서 중요한 설계 요소인 주파수 재사용거리에 대하여도 분석한다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.32-42
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 다중 송/수신안테나를 가지는 시공간 블록 부호를 ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) 지상파 방송 시스템에 적용하는 방법을 다루며, 특히, 2개의 송신 안테나와 다수의 수신안테나를 가지는 Alamouti의 구조를 ATSC 방송 시스템에 적용해 본다. 또한, 다중 수신안테나를 가지는 다이버시티 기법과 다중 송/수신안테나를 가지는 시공간 블록 부호의 구조를 비교해 본다. 전산 실험에 의하면. 다중 송/수신안테나를 가지는 ATSC 방송 시스템은 단일 송/수신안테나를 가지는 방송 시스템보다 Rayleigh 페이딩 채널 환경에서 매우 우수한 성능을 가진다.

• 전자공학회논문지D
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• 제36D권4호
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• pp.8-17
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 디지틀 무선 전송장치의 공간 다이버시티 기술에 필수적인 IF 대역의 최대진폭 전력 결합기에 관한 이론적인 분석과 성능개선을 위한 방법을 다룬다. 결합기의 성능저하를 유발하는 위상검출기의 전압오차를 줄이는 방안으로 간단하고 특성이 우수한 위상 검출부의 검출전압에 대한 정규화를 제안하였다. 따라서 간단한 회로구성으로 노치(notch) 깊이 30dB 의 심각한 주파수 선택적 페이딩에 대해서도 결합기의 안정된 동작 및 성능개선을 확보할 수 있었다. 제안된 방법을 검증하기 위해 수치해석 및 64-QAM 변조방식의 디지틀 무선 전송장치와 연동한 signature 시험 결과를 제시 및 분석한다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.346-350
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• 2015

It is known that the progressive edge-growth (PEG) algorithm can be used to construct low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes at finite code lengths with large girths through the establishment of edges between variable and check nodes in an edge-by-edge manner. In [1], the authors derived a class of LDPC codes for relay communication systems by extending the full-diversity root-LDPC code. However, the submatrices of the parity-check matrix H corresponding to this code were constructed separately; thus, the girth of H was not optimized. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a modified PEG algorithm for use in the design of large girth and full-diversity LDPC codes. Simulation results indicated that the LDPC codes constructed using the modified PEG algorithm exhibited a more favorable frame error rate performance than did codes proposed in [1] over block-fading channels.