• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제18권1E호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2006

RC shear walls are frequently used as lateral force-resisting system in building construction because they have sufficient stiffness and strength against damage and collapse. If RC shear walls are properly designed and proportioned, these walls can also behave as ductile flexural members like cantilevered beams. To achieve this goal, the designer should provide adequate strength and deformation capacity of shear walls corresponding to the anticipated deformation level. In this study, the level of demands for deformation of shear walls was investigated using a displacement-based design approach. Also, deformation capacities of shear walls are evaluated through laboratory tests of shear walls with specific transverse confinement widely used in Korea. Four full-scale wall specimens with different wall boundary details and cross-sections were constructed for the experiment. The displacement-based design approach could be used to determine the deformation demands and capacities depending on the aspect ratio, ratio of wall area to floor plan area, flexural reinforcement ratio, and axial load ratio. Also, the specific boundary detailing for shear wall can be applied to enhance the deformation capacity of the shear wall.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.938-945
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• 2004

In order to cope with ever growing traffic flow and complexity in the urban area, construction demands for expanding and realigning of existing urban roads and massive development of underground space within the urban area are in its increasing trend, it is fact that, mainly due to lack of statistical data accumulation through real construction, technology and construction practice to support such demands can hardly be said to have been established enough and leave many things still to be developed. These circumstances therefore came to motivate me to get into a study for a particular subject of "Design Basics for Closely Neighbored Twin Tunnel" among others, and also to put forward subjects required to be further studied in this connection in the future as follows: 1) To make a new economical design model for closely neighbored twin tunnel not only to make a drain for center perfect but also a tunnel construction safe. 2) Further efforts should be exerted for establishment of general standards for design and construction of various types of large cross-section tunnels including Twin structure.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.265-276
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• 2009

Various Pushover analysis methodologies have evolved as an easy as well as designers-friendly alternative of nonlinear dynamic analysis for estimation of the inelastic demands of structures under seismic loading for performance based design. In fact, the established nonlinear dynamic analysis to assess the same, demands considerable analytical and computational background and rigor as well as intuitive insight into inelastic behavior for judging suitability of the results and its interpretation and hence may not be used in design office for frequent practice. In this context, the simple and viable alternative of Pushover analysis methodologies can be accepted if its efficacy is thoroughly judged over all possible varieties of the problems. Though this burning issue has invited some research efforts in this direction, still a complete picture evolving very clear guidelines for use of these alternate methodologies require much more detailed studies, providing idea about how the accuracy is influenced due to various combinations of basic parameters regulating inelastic dynamic response of the structures. The limited study presented in the paper aims to achieve this end to the extent possible. The study intends to identify the range of applicability of the technique and compares the efficacy of various alternative Pushover analysis schemes to general class of problems. Thus, the paper may prove useful in judicial use of Pushover analysis methodologies for performance based design with reasonable accuracy and relative ease.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.631-644
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• 2012

Current seismic codes require from the seismically designed structures to be capable to withstand inelastic deformation. Many studies dealt with the development of different inelastic spectra with the aim to simplify the evaluation of inelastic deformation and performance of structures. Recently, the concept of inelastic spectra has been adopted in the global scheme of the performance-based seismic design through capacity-spectrum methods. In this paper, the median of the ductility demand ratio for 80 ground motions are presented for different levels of normalized yield strength, defined as the yield strength coefficient divided by the peak ground acceleration (PGA). The influence of the post-to-preyield stiffness ratio on the ductility demand is investigated. For fixed levels of normalized yield strength, the median ductility versus period plots demonstrated that they are independent of the earthquake magnitude and epicentral distance. Determined by regression analysis of the data, two design equations have been developed; one for the ductility demand as function of period, post-to-preyield stiffness ratio, and normalized yield strength, and the other for the inelastic deformation as function of period and peak ground acceleration valid for periods longer than 0.6 seconds. The equations are useful in estimating the ductility and inelastic deformation demands for structures in the preliminary design. It was found that the post-to-preyield stiffness has a negligible effect on the ductility factor if the yield strength coefficient is greater than the PGA of the design ground motion normalized by gravity.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.152-160
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• 2015

This paper proposes high quality of healthcare environments for a user-oriented children's hospital by identifying the user needs according to residential characteristics of the child, especially the hospitalization period. Caregivers, mostly parents of children in a children's hospital, participated in a questionnaire survey. The user's demands, satisfaction and hospital environment assessment were measured. A total of 103 copies of the questionnaire were finally collected and analyzed. The data was processed statistically using SPSS WIN 18.0 Version software. The results and conclusions are as follows. 1)The participants were categorized into three groups according to the hospitalization period of the child (less than 7 days, 7-20 days, and more than 21 days). 2)When the patients stayed longer in the hospital, their satisfaction was lower and their demands were higher. The long-term group required a more spacious bathroom for the child inpatients and their caregivers as well as sufficient individual storage spaces that are appropriate for the length of stay. 3)The longer they were hospitalized, the more negative they evaluated the hospital environment. These results suggest that the period of hospitalization is one of the crucial factors that impact the user's satisfaction and demands. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the design factors such as territoriality, privacy, accessability, and aesthetics to improve the satisfaction of the long-term child inpatients and their caregivers.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2015

건설 프로젝트의 VE는 크게 설계단계 VE와 시공단계 VE로 분류된다. 설계단계 VE는 정부의 법률에 의해 100억 원 이상의 공공 건설공사에 적용해야만 한다. 따라서 설계VE는 건설 프로젝트에 적극적으로 적용되고 있다. 이와는 대조적으로, 시공 VE는 제한된 특정 건설 프로젝트에 적용되고 있다. 그 이유는 시공 VE 프로세스가 실무적 요구 품질을 반영 할 수 없기 때문이다. 시공 VE는 시공 가능성에 대한 타당성 검증을 통해 긍정적인 효과를 구현할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 실무를 반영한 시공 VE의 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 제안 방법은 직관지수(G.F.I.)를 활용한 전문가 기반의 대안평가 방법이며, 제안 방법의 적용성을 검증하기 위해 실무사례에 적용하였다. 그 결과 제안된 대안평가 방법은 기존의 방법보다 적용 절차, 적용 방법 측면에서 효율성이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집(2)
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• pp.124-127
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• 2000

With increasing design complexity, shrinking time-to-market window, and various demands from markets, the traditional design methodologies reach-ed a ceiling. In a search for a way to tackle these problems, novel concepts and methodologies have been proposed in the past years. The paper briefly presents the design issues, and concepts, introduces commercial tools, and finally proposes a conceptual methodology that addresses the issues.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2010

스프링클러 설비가 중요한 화재진압설비 임에도 화재 시 헤드가 작동하는 면적인 설계면적에 대한 이해의 부족으로 설계면적의 형태를 설정하고 이를 계산하는 것이 원칙에 맞지 않게 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 설계면적의 형태는 정사각형으로 하거나 가지관 쪽의 길이가 교차배관 쪽의 길이보다 약간 긴 직사각형으로 하는 것이 일반적이다. NFPA에서는 가지관 쪽 길이를 교차배관 쪽 길이보다 1.2배 크게 할 것을 요구하며 FM에서는 1.4배 크게 할 것을 요구한다. 동일한 설계면적에서 가지관 쪽의 길이를 길게 하면 할수록 유량과 압력이 더 커지게 된다. 설계면적의 수리계산 결과에서 가지배관 쪽의 길이가 1.2배 크게 할 경우 정방형의 경우보다 유량은 4.6%가 커지고 압력은 4.67%가 커졌으며 1.4배 크게 할 경우 유량은 7.52%가 압력은 14.51%가 커졌다. 따라서 스프링클러 설계자들은 설비를 좀 더 안정적으로 설계하기 위하여 설계면적을 정사각형 또는 가지관 쪽의 길이를 약간 길게하는 직사각형의 형태를 갖는 일반적인 규칙을 따라야 한다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.226-235
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• 2010

As marine leisure is getting popular around the world, people's interest in cruise ship is increasing rapidly. Now it became possible to make cruise ship with Korean technology, as a result of continuous research and development. However, as cruise ships are getting bigger and more popular, new cruise interior design is required to satisfy various clients' aesthetic and functional demands. Therefore, more researches for cruise interior design are needed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of planning and design of passenger's cabins in cruise ship. The scope of this research is limited to the types in the 2004-2010 in Large Cruise Ships. Method of this study are document study and case study, in particularly, case study is conducted for the specific design methods through case analysis. The results of this study are as follow : One of the transitions in the cruise cabin designs is that cabins with balconies occupy a large portion of the entire cabins. As the functions of these balconies are diversifying, more distinctive forms of balcony are showing up. In particular, the cabins which are connected to public space differentiate themselves from those with the same rates; it meets the demands of the clients who require high quality services. In terms of cabin design, a futuristic, distinctive cabin that has incorporated will be a very important function in determining the value of the cruise ship. Based on the results of this research, application of the rapid changes in cabin design and studies about more diversified and advanced design are required.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.113-133
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• 2008

In recent years, speedy development of Taiwan's hotel industry intensifies market competition, customers' demands on hotel services quality also increase with the increase of their consumption consciousness, and their demands on hotel types diversify, therefore hotel industry should concern on their unique management services quality brought by their different hotel types. The current designed service system or service transmission process may fail to meet customers' demands owing to emphasizing degree gap in service quality. What is worse, it is difficult for hotel industry to actualize complete customer segregation and to provide customized services, therefore comprehensive understanding of customers' demands on the service quality of different types hotels would contribute to operating management improvement of Taiwan hotel industry. This paper divides Taiwan hotels into three types: international tourism commercial type, holiday type and motel, the general hotels. It studies the emphasize degree gap in service quality between the industry and the customers. Data analysis shows that service quality gap (perceived gap) of hotels of different types exists in several quality aspects; what's more, the perceived gaps, service quality aspects, and its items of different types of hotel are also different. After an integrated analysis, this paper puts forward a general and customer-oriented quality item suitable for hotel industry to shorten the perceived gap of service quality, so that the hotel industry could design a service system and service transfer system, which could meet most lodging customers' demands in the context of pluralized customer sources.