• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.3
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• pp.207-222
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• 1994

In order to find out the effect of Anti-Histamine of the Sungmagalkuntang and Sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang I've investigated the effect of the time to death, the peripheral vascular Pemeability, the amount of secretion of Gastric Juice, the total Acidity of Gastric Juice, the contraction of Intestine Tube by Histamine and the effect of the Skin-Reaction by the decrease of DNCB. These results are following ; 1. The effect of Mice's time to death by Histamine was that the injection group of sungmagalkungtang and the injection group of sungmagalkungtang-plus-samultang both have had the effect of the extention of the time to death, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 2. The effect of the increased vascular permeability by Histamine was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang and the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang both have had the effect of the restraint of the increased vascular permeability, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 3. The effect of the the amount of the secretion of Gastric Juice by Histamine stimulus was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang only has had the effect of restraint of the increased of the secretion of Gastric Juice, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 4. The effect of the change of total Acidity of Gastric Juice by Histamine's stimulus was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang only has had the effect of the restraint of the increase of total Acidity of Gastric Juice, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 5. The effect of the contraction of Intestine Tube by Histamine was that sungmagalkuntang and sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang both have had the effect of the contraction and the restraint. According to the increase of the density, the effect of the restraint was more clear. But the difference of the effects between two substances had little. 6. The effect of the reaction of skin by the decrease of DNCB was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang and the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang have had the decreased effect of the Skin-Reaction in comparison with comparative group. sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang aws more effective. In these results shown above, both sungmagalkuntang and sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang was shown as more effective one.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.233-239
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• 2013

In this study, water content, sebum content, and transepidermal water content were investigated to provide basic data for the future cosmetics industry as comparing the skin characteristics of different ages. Water content of cheek area, sebum content of nose area, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) of cheek and forearm of trial subjects (total 638 people of both male and female) were measured. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program (version 19.00; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Water content, sebum content, and TEWL of skin were measured as mean ${\pm}$ standard deviation. As a result, water content of cheek from female was higher than male and the water content increased with the older ages. However, sebum content of nose from male was higher than female and the sebum content increased with the younger ages. TEWL of cheek from female was higher than male, but TEWL of forearm from male was higher than female. Therefore, these results can be used as basic data in the development of future cosmetics for different ages and genders.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.183-189
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• 2018

Blue light is the highest energy wavelengths in the visible light region and induces skin aging and active oxygen. Studies on harmful mechanism of skin are under way. Research on blue light blocking materials in cosmetics and formulation studies are in the early stage, and the test methods related to blue light blocking measurement are not established. The blue light blocking efficacy was established by referring to the test method of the sunscreen in vitro test(COLIPA guideline, ISO 24443, FDA Final Rule on Sunscreen Testing and Labeling). The blue light blocking effect was evaluated for 17 kinds out of 27 kinds of sunscreen raw materials suggested in KFDA guideline. The Effect was 14.97% for zinc oxide and 16.32% for bishexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine, 35.47% for methylene bis-benzotriazolyltetramethylbutylphenol, and 65.96% for titanium dioxide. In addition, the effect of micro-titanium dioxide was twice as high as that of the nano-titanium dioxide. The results suggested that the light blocking effect test method can be used to search for blue light blocking materials and study cosmetic formulations.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.56-62
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to assess both the approximate lethal dose and the single dose intramuscular injection toxicity of Danggui (Angelica gigantis radix) pharmacopuncture (DGP) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: The experiments were conducted at the good laboratory practice (GLP) laboratory, Biotoxtech Co., which is a laboratory approved by the ministry of food and drug safety (MFDS). The study was performed according to the GLP regulation and the toxicity test guidelines of the MFDS (2009) after approval of the institutional animal care and use committee of Biotoxtech. Single doses of DGP were injected intramuscularly into the rats in three test groups of 6 week old SD rats (5 male and 5 female rats per groups) in the amounts of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mL/animal for groups 2, 3, and 4, respectively, and normal saline solution in the amount of 1.0 mL/animal was injected intramuscularly into the rats (5 male and 5 female rats) in the control group. Observations of the general symptoms and weight measurements were performed during the 14 day observation period after the injection. Hematologic and serum biochemical examination, necropsy, and a local tolerance test at the injection site were done after the observation period. Results: No death was observed in three test groups (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mL/animal group). In addition, the injection of DGP had no effect on general symptoms, weights, hematologic and serum biochemical examination, and necropsy. The results from the local tolerance tests at injection site showed no treatment related effects in the SD rats. Conclusion: The results of single dose intramuscular injection of DGP suggest that the approximate lethal dose is above 1.0 mL/animal for both male and female SD rats and that intramuscular injection of DGP may be safe.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.88-98
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of product selection of hospital workers cosmeceutical cosmetics on marketing communication among hospital workers who use cosmeceutical cosmetics that have emerged in line with the recent growing medical skin care field.Coping with complaints from consumers who buy cosmeceutical cosmetics in hospitals where cosmeceutical cosmetics are mainly used and sold, and minimizing the influence of negative issues will potentially strengthen consumer relationships. The study was conducted on 520 hospital workers who use cosmeceutical cosmetics in hospitals (dermatology, plastic surgery, women's clinic, and other hospitals) in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon. A total of 502 questionnaires were used for the final analysis. The data analysis consisted of Cronbach's alpha, one-way ANOVA, exploratory factor analysis and Duncan test. Correlation analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between variables, and regression analysis was conducted to test hypotheses. The study results revealed that when choosing cosmetic cosmetics, marketing communication is influential. Especially, product value, quality, and price factors strongly affect marketing communication. This shows that we value the product and quality the most and we want a reasonable price. Considering this, we will pursue differentiated products only from cosmeceutical cosmetics and provide them as basic data necessary for securing potential customers and increasing the sales of cosmeceutical cosmetics in accordance with the changing trends.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3131-3138
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• 2015

At a dermatology during the skin care, photodynamic therapy(PDT) is carried after 5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA), light sensitive material, is applied. At a skin care shop, using drug is prohibited. Thus, the aim of this research was to see the effect of the acne skin by irradiating PDT to the skin without applying ALA. The research method was that 24 female undergraduates who had acne on their face at the level of mild or comedonal, and the participants were divided into four groups(group1: no treatment, group 2: 420 nm of blue visible light, group 3: 660 nm of red visible light and group 4: blue and red visible light). The participants of group 2, 3 and 4 were irradiated with visible light for 20 minutes per week for 6 weeks, and they were compared to group 1. As a result of the research, the number of erythema, sebum, papules and pustules of those who were irradiated with visible light decreased, and the pore size of those also decreased while the amount of moisture increased. If an skin care shop applies PDT to the existing acne skin care, that PDT will influence on the program of a skin care shop is expected.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.511-513
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• 2015

A 12-year-old spayed Pomeranian was presented with a purulent, erythematous mass. The dog also suffered from concurrent hyperadrenocorticism and diabetes mellitus. Sporothrix schenckii was isolated through the fungal culture of the mass. Surgical ablation of the mass was performed for the removal of continuous inflammation and fungal infection of deep origin. After histological examination of the mass, severe multifocal pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis were diagnosed. This is the first confirmed case of pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis due to Sporothrix schenckii infection in a dog with concurrent hyperadrenocorticism and diabetes mellitus. In addition this is the first case report of sporotrichosis in South Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.11-15
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• 1977

The Present study was undertaken to evaluate the recent epidemiologic status in Seoul area by the cooperation of major 6 university hospitals. A total of 7221 patients with various forms of dermatophyte infections seen from July, 1972 to December, 1976 at the departments of dermatology of university hospitals of Seoul, Yonsei, Catholic, Korea, Ewha and Hanyang were analyzed statistically in regards to the age and sex prevalence, the frequency of various forms of dermatophytoses and the difference in yearly incidence by reviewing the patients' records. The results were as follows; 1. The percentage of the patients with dermatophytoses overall outpatients was 5.1%. 2. The distribution of various forms of dermatophytoses was tinea cruris in 38%, tinea pedis in 28%, tinea versicolor in 17%, tinea corporis in 10%, tinea manuum in 3%, onychomycosis in 2% and the tinea capitis in 1% in the order of frequency. 3. Male outnumbered female in about 2 : 1. In male the most frequent type was tinea cruris and in female, the tinea pedis. 4. Over 86% of the patients belonged to the age group below 39. Most patients with tinea capitis belonged to the age group below 19, wheras the overall peak incidene in various forms of dermatophytoses was in age group between 10 and 40. 5. There was no significant difference in yearly incidence throughout 5 years from 1972. to 1976 however, the tinea manuum seemed to be increasing every year.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.437-442
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• 2020

Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is critical for host defense as well as the progression of inflammatory diseases through the production of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, which is cleaved by active caspase-1. It has been reported that overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the development and pathology of acne vulgaris. Therefore, inhibiting activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome may provide a new therapeutic strategy for acne vulgaris. In this study, we investigated whether auranofin, an anti-rheumatoid arthritis agent, inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thereby effectively treating acne vulgaris. Auranofin suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by Propionibacterium acnes, reducing the production of IL-1β in primary mouse macrophages and human sebocytes. In a P. acnes-induced acne mouse model, injection of P. acnes into the ears of mice induced acne symptoms such as redness, swelling, and neutrophil infiltration. Topical application of auranofin (0.5 or 1%) to mouse ears significantly reduced the inflammatory symptoms of acne vulgaris induced by P. acnes injection. Topical application of auranofin led to the downregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome activated by P. acnes in mouse ear skin. These results show that auranofin inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome, the activation of which is associated with acne symptoms. The results further suggest that topical application of auranofin could be a new therapeutic strategy for treating acne vulgaris by targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.521-532
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• 2005

The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) continues to rise in industrialized countries related to Western lifestyle, including dietary habits, especially imbalance of intake of dietary fatty acids. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dietary fatty acids and the assess the blood fatty acid composition and immune parameters in AD patients. AD (n = 50) patients and gender ${\cdot}$ age matched healthy controls (HC) were studied in case-control clinical trail. Current fatty acids intake status was determined by 3-day food record method. Blood sample were collected from 30 subjects in each group and blood fatty acid composition and immune parameters were analysed. AD patients consumed less PUFA and their n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was higher than that of HC. Both the ratios of PUFA and MUFA were positively correlated with SCORAD in AD patients (p < 0.05). In the AD patients, there were abnormalities in the fatty acid composition of the RBC and WBC, SFA being significantly high and most n-3 PUFA being significantly low. Moreover, both the ratios of EPA and DHA in WBC were negatively correlated with dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in AD patients (p < 0.05). Serum total IgE and IL-4 levels of AD patients increased significantly compared with the levels of HC (p < 0.01). Ratios of monocyte and eosinophil in WBC of AD patients increased significantly compared with the levels of HC including total WBC count (p < 0.01), and ratios of Iymphocyte and basophil in WBC of AD patients decreased significantly compared with the levels of HC (p < 0.05). Moreover, the ratios of eosinophil in WBC were positively correlated with dietary P/M ratio (p < 0.05), and the ratios of monocyte in WBC were positively correlated with n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio (p < 0.05) in AD patients. This results indicated that AD patients had significantly high intake of dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA compared with HC. Imbalance of intake of dietary fatty acids affected fatty acid compositions in the RBC and WBC, and these lead to immune imbalance and grow worse of AD.