• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2007

The number of children patients with tinea pedis and onychomycosis diagnosed on clinical findings and culture at the Catholic Dermatological Clinic in Daegu City were 144,446 for 2 years from January 2005 to December 2006. 120 children were suspected of having clinical onychomycosis or tinea pedis. KOH smears and cultures on the Potato corn meal dextrose agars (PDCA) were done for the suspected toe webs, nails and uninvolved neighbor toe webs. Socks were dusted and cultured to check contamination of clothes. Family infections were checked by questionnaire. The incidence was 92 (0.06%) out of 144,446 outpatients in tinea pedis, 28 (0.02%) in onychomycosis. Trichophyton(T.) rubrums were isolated from all of the 7 cases of onychomycosis. T. mentagrophytes was isolated from 5 cases of the tinea pedis patients and T. rubrum was isolated from 50 (92.5%) cases of the tinea pedis. The right side was predominant for onychomycosis of both toe nails (23 of 25) and finger nails (3 of 3). No fungal elements were detected from normal looking neighbor toe webs by KOH examinations. However, culture on PDCA agars showed T. rubrum isolates from 3 toe webs. 7 showed positive cultures from the socks. From the questionnaire, 94 had family infections.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.96-99
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• 2020

An 11-year-old female Yorkshire terrier presented with alopecia, hyperpigmentation, and pruritus. Dermatological examination revealed a large number of Demodex mites including D. cornei and D. canis. Mean length of total body length of D. cornei was one third shorter than that of D. canis. In addition, sequential analysis of DNA extracted from the skin lesions showed a 97% and 99% identity with the two sequences of D. canis and D. cornei. This is the first report of a combined infestation of D. cornei and D. canis in Korea, along with its morphological and molecular characterization.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.162-175
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• 2002

Aromatherapy is used in many diseases nowdays. And, Aromatherapy is similar to historical oriental medicine. Moreover, Aroma is a popular alternative medicine like oriental medicine in these days. We used for all kinds of diseases with aroma herbs, especially in ENT and dermatological disese. We must be a bridge over oriental and western medicine with aromatherapy, because it will help reduce stress in pschosomatic disorder. We have to accept aromatherapy as oriental medicine paradigm for better holistic medicine. Method :We analyzed 20 herbs difference and similarity both aroma herb and oriental herb. We reseach for a scientific name, family, therapeutic region, efficacy, perfumery note, nature. The results were as follows: 1. Most of herbs are similar to each other in the treatment. Top, middle, bottom is similar to sam-cho(三焦) sang-cho, zhong-cho, ha-cho, and But futher reseach is needed for development of Oriental medicine. 2. We find out much similarity between oriental herbs and aromatic herbs and qi-mi ron(氣味論) is useful to analyze them 3. We find out difference mechanism between GI absortion and nasal inhalation. 4. Other Aroma herbs must be analyzed by oriental oriental medical thought, for example, seung-gang-bu-chim(昇降浮沈), gui-gyong(歸經), and so on. 5. Aromatic oriental medicine ways are developed like aromatic therapy.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.731-736
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• 2018

Objective : Ultrasonography (US) is the most non-invasive, safe, and, especially in the period of infancy, best method for visualizing and examining the spinal cord. Furthermore, US is the primary work-up for development of the spinal canal, and for follow-up on issues relating to subcutaneous tissues, bone development, and the spinal cord. Conus medullaris terminates at the second lumbar vertebra, according to a consensus in the literature. Methods : Healthy children under the age of 6 months who were admitted to the radiology clinic for routine USG follow-ups between the dates of March 2012 to December 2014 were included in this study. Results : Our study includes data from 1125 lumbosacral ultrasounds. The terminal point of the conus level of the attended infants, superior, middle part, inferior of the vertebrae L1, L2, and L3. Furthermore, the termination of the discal distance ratio did not differ significantly between genders. Conclusion : Therefore, according to our results, gender is not an influencing factor in the termination of the spinal cord. Based on the study we performed, as well as the previous literature, in infants without a recognized spinal pathology, the spinal cord is detected below the vertebra L3.

• Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.575-590
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• 2018

The prevalence of allergic disorders has dramatically increased over the past decade, particularly in developed countries. Apart from gastrointestinal disorders, neoplasia, genital and dermatological diseases etc., dysregulation of gut microbiota (dysbiosis) has also been found to be associated with increased risk of allergies. Probiotics are increasingly being employed to correct dysbiosis and, in turn, to modulate allergic diseases. However, several factors like strain variations and effector metabolites or component of them in a bacterial species can affect the efficacy of those as probiotics. On the other hand, host variations like geographical locations, food habits etc. could also affect the expected results from probiotic usage. Thus, there is a glaring deficiency in our approach to establish probiotics as an irrefutable treatment avenue for suitable disorders. In this review, we explicate on the reported probiotics and their effects on certain allergic diseases like atopic dermatitis, food allergy and asthma to establish their utility. We propose possible measures like elucidation of effector molecules and functional mechanisms of probiotics towards establishing probiotics for therapeutic use. Certain probiotics studies have led to very alarming outcomes which could have been precluded, had effective guidelines been in place. Thus, we also propose ways to secure the safety of probiotics. Overall, our efforts tend to propose necessary discovery and quality assurance guidelines for developing probiotics as potential immunomodulatory 'Pharmabiotics.'

• Annals of dermatology
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.653-661
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• 2018

Background: Citron is well known for an abundance of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory ingredients such as vitamin C, polyphenol compounds, flavonoids, and limonoids. Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of citron essential oils on rosacea mediators in activated keratinocytes in vitro. Methods: Normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) were stimulated with $1{\alpha}$, 25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ ($VD_3$) and interleukin 33 (IL-33) with LL-37 to induce rosacea mediators such as kallikrein 5 (KLK5), cathelicidin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). These mediators were analyzed by performing reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative real-time PCR, immunocytofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after NHEKs were treated with citron seed and unripe citron essential oils. Results: The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of KLK5 and LL-37 induced by $VD_3$ were suppressed by citron seed and unripe citron essential oils. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein levels of VEGF and TRPV1 induced by IL-33 with LL-37 were also suppressed by citron essential oils. Conclusion: These results show that citron essential oils have suppressive effects on rosacea mediators in activated epidermal keratinocytes, which indicates that the citron essential oils may be valuable adjuvant therapeutic agents for rosacea.

• Annals of dermatology
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.712-715
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• 2018

Desmoplastic fibroblastoma is a rare fibrous tumor that usually presents as a painless, slow-growing mass in the subcutaneous tissues and skeletal muscles. It has a wide anatomic distribution, with the most common involvement being the arm and shoulder. Here, we report a case of a tiny painful desmoplastic fibroblastoma arising on the scalp. According to a microscopic examination, this tumor was composed of spindle-shaped fibroblasts in the dense collagenous stroma. On immunohistochemical staining, tumor cells were positive for vimentin and negative for smooth muscle actin, CD34, and S100. Our case is unique in that desmoplastic fibroblastoma developed on the scalp and there was presence of pain despite its small size.

• Annals of dermatology
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.716-720
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• 2018

Perforating granuloma annulare (PGA), a rare variant of granuloma annulare, is characterized by transepidermal elimination of altered collagen that clinically manifests an umbilicated papule with a central crust. It can be confused with papulonecrotic tuberculid (PNT) because of their similar appearance. Unlike PGA, PNT is usually related to tuberculosis infection with a typical histologic finding of wedgeshaped dermal necrosis. Here, we report the first Korean case of PGA mimicking PNT both clinically and histologically. A 43-year-old Korean woman presented with erythematous papules localized on the extensor surface of her limbs for one year. Some of these papules had a central umbilication or a crust. Regarding comorbidity, she had latent tuberculosis diagnosed with $QuantiFERON^{(R)}-TB$ Gold test about five months ago. She was on antituberculous medication. Initially, a diagnosis of papulonecrotic tuberculid accompanied by latent tuberculosis was considered. However, despite taking the antituberculous medication for five months, her skin lesions were not improved. Biopsy specimen from her arm lesion showed wedge-shaped area of necrosis in the dermis. Additionally, there were multiple focal mucin depositions and palisading granulomatous inflammation throughout the dermis. A diagnosis of PGA was made and she was treated with topical corticosteroid. After two weeks of applying topical corticosteroid, most of her skin lesions disappeared, leaving some hyperpigmented scars.

• 대한피부과학회지
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• 제56권9호
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• pp.556-560
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• 2018

Congenital hemangioma (CH) is a fully formed benign vascular tumor at the time of birth and do not proliferate in postnatal life. CH must be differentiated from infantile hemangioma. CH has three subtypes that are recognized based on their natural history: Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH), non-involuting congenital hemangioma (NICH), and partially involuting congenital hemangioma (PICH). It is important to distinguish RICH from NICH because RICH spontaneously regresses but NICH does not. Herein, we report two patients diagnosed with RICH and NICH, respectively. We presented the clinical features as well as ultrasonographic and histologic findings to distinguish congenital from infantile hemangioma.

• 대한피부과학회지
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• 제56권9호
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• pp.548-551
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• 2018

Biologics are the most advanced treatment for psoriasis. Ustekinumab, one of the biologics for psoriasis, is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to the p40 subunit of interleukin-12 and interleukin-23. A 41-year-old woman with a 17-year history of plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis presented with worsening lesions. The patient had previously been treated with a number of topical and systemic medications and narrow band ultraviolet B. However, none of the treatments consistently controlled her disease. Thus, treatment with ustekinumab 45 mg via subcutaneous injection was initiated. Approximately 7 days after the first treatment, she experienced a flare with generalized pustules in her whole body. The condition was controlled with systemic steroid treatment. The patient was subsequently treated with adalimumab, and improvement in her plaque and pustular lesions was noted. Herein, we report a case of psoriasis that flared up after ustekinumab therapy, which was accompanied by a morphological change from plaque to pustular lesions.