• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1013-1023
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate dental hygiene students' recognition of safety management and phantom practice in dental radiology. Methods: The study subjects were 409 students in six regions who completed a dental radiology practice course and had on-job experience more than once. After understanding the study purpose and contents, they answered a questionnaire. The main jobs in dental radiology were analyzed. Results: As a result, regarding the most difficult aspects of dental radiology practice, "it is impossible to irradiate the mouth directly with X-rays" was the most common response (29.1%). Regarding the question "what is the main role of students in dental radiology practice?", the answer "it is shooting simulations using phantoms" accounted for 59.7% of responses. The most difficult regions in bisecting and paralleling radiography with a phantom were found to be the maxillary & mandibular molars and premolars. The most difficult technique was reported to be locating XCP maintenance to fit inside the mouth for both molars and premolars. The most difficult region to perform bitewing radiography using the phantom was the molar region (2.87), and the most difficult to perform occlusal radiography approaches were maxillary anterior general occlusal radiography (2.92) and mandibular cross-sectional occlusal radiography (3.00). Conclusions: The most technically difficult point in bitewing and occlusal radiography was the correct positioning of the vertical and horizontal angles. Radiography practice was considered to be more effective than previous mutual practice in terms of analysis of anatomical structures and patient treatment methods. Therefore, it will be necessary to improve policy regarding dental radiography practice at the department of dental hygienics and revise the necessary laws and regulations.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.107-110
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• 2004

A case of sialadenitis is presented in a patient with painful swelling of the right mouth floor. The condition was caused by trauma on the right mouth floor during dental treatment, which had happened 15 days before admission. On aspiration, mucous secretion was found and ultrasonography showed obstruction of duct. Histopathological studies and surgical investigation established a definite diagnosis of obstructive sialadenitis caused by ductal laceration. As surgical treatment sialodochoplasty was selected. The case and relevant considerations are discussed.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI), represented by deep learning, can be used for real-life problems and is applied across all sectors of society including medical and dental field. The purpose of this study is to review articles about deep learning that were applied to the field of oral and maxillofacial radiology. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was performed using Pubmed, Scopus, and IEEE explore databases to identify articles using deep learning in English literature. The variables from 25 articles included network architecture, number of training data, evaluation result, pros and cons, study object and imaging modality. Results: Convolutional Neural network (CNN) was used as a main network component. The number of published paper and training datasets tended to increase, dealing with various field of dentistry. Conclusion: Dental public datasets need to be constructed and data standardization is necessary for clinical application of deep learning in dental field.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.215-218
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• 2004

Neurilemmoma is a benign tumor of the nerve sheath that arises on cranial and spinal nerve roots as well as along the course of peripheral nerves. A case of a neurilemmoma that arose in the left infratemporal fossa of a 29-year-old male was presented. Plain radiographs, enhanced computed tomography scan, and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a large, well-circumscribed, heterogeneously enhanced mass with extension into the pterygopalatine fossa. Displaced by the large mass, bowing-in of the posterior maxillary antral wall was noted and a provisional diagnosis of a benign soft tissue tumor was made. The mass was completely excised and a diagnosis of neurilemmoma was confirmed.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 2020

Intelligent systems(i.e., artificial intelligence), particularly deep learning, are machines able to mimic the cognitive functions of humans to perform tasks of problem-solving and learning. This field deals with computational models that can think and act intelligently, like the human brain, and construct algorithms that can learn from data to make predictions. Artificial intelligence is becoming important in radiology due to its ability to detect abnormalities in radiographic images that are unnoticed by the naked human eye. These systems have reduced radiologists' workload by rapidly recording and presenting data, and thereby monitoring the treatment response with a reduced risk of cognitive bias. Intelligent systems have an important role to play and could be used by dentists as an adjunct to other imaging modalities in making appropriate diagnoses and treatment plans. In the field of maxillofacial radiology, these systems have shown promise for the interpretation of complex images, accurate localization of landmarks, characterization of bone architecture, estimation of oral cancer risk, and the assessment of metastatic lymph nodes, periapical pathologies, and maxillary sinus pathologies. This review discusses the clinical applications and scope of intelligent systems such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, and deep learning programs in maxillofacial imaging.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.237-242
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• 2012

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to survey the radiographic exposure parameters, to measure the patient doses for intraoral dental radiography nationwide, and thus to establish the diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) in intraoral dental X-ray examination in Korea. Materials and Methods: One hundred two intraoral dental radiographic machines from all regions of South Korea were selected for this study. Radiographic exposure parameters, size of hospital, type of image receptor system, installation duration of machine, and type of dental X-ray machine were documented. Patient entrance doses (PED) and dose-area products (DAP) were measured three times at the end of the exit cone of the X-ray unit with a DAP meter (DIAMENTOR M4-KDK, PTW, Freiburg, Germany) for adult mandibular molar intraoral dental radiography, and corrections were made for room temperature and pressure. Measured PED and DAP were averaged and compared according to the size of hospital, type of image receptor system, installation duration, and type of dental X-ray machine. Results: The mean exposure parameters were 62.6 kVp, 7.9 mA, and 0.5 second for adult mandibular molar intraoral dental radiography. The mean patient dose was 2.11 mGy (PED) and 59.4 $mGycm^2$ (DAP) and the third quartile one 3.07 mGy (PED) and 87.4 $mGycm^2$ (DAP). Doses at university dental hospitals were lower than those at dental clinics (p<0.05). Doses of digital radiography (DR) type were lower than those of film-based type (p<0.05). Conclusion: We recommend 3.1 mGy (PED), 87.4 $mGycm^2$ (DAP) as the DRLs in adult mandibular molar intraoral dental radiography in Korea.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2011

Intraosseous ameloblastoma is the most common and simple type of ameloblastoma prevalent among odontogenic tumors. Clinico-radiographically intraosseous ameloblastoma presents as slow, painless swelling or expansion of the jaws and described as multilocular expansile radiolucency that occurs most frequently in mandibular molar/ramus area. This article describes a case of follicular ameloblastoma involving 45 year old male which is different from the usual presentation, which includes-exophytic growth, different location and without expansion of the cortex.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2015

Odontomas are nonaggressive, hamartomatous developmental malformations composed of mature tooth substances and may be compound or complex depending on the extent of morphodifferentiation or on their resemblance to normal teeth. Among them, complex odontomas are relatively rare tumors. They are usually asymptomatic in nature. Occasionally, these tumors become large, causing bone expansion followed by facial asymmetry. Odontoma eruptions are uncommon, and thus far, very few cases of erupted complex odontomas have been reported in the literature. Here, we report the case of an unusually large, painless, complex odontoma located in the right posterior mandible.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 2015

Noma is a gangrenous disease of the orofacial region that leads to severe facial tissue destruction and is a significant cause of death among children. With the advent of modern antibiotics and improved nutrition, children with noma may survive into adulthood, but must face the challenge of undergoing repair of the sequelae of noma. This report describes a case of bony fusion of the maxilla and mandible in a 28-year-old female patient, which was a sequelae of a childhood case of noma.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.147-152
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• 2014

Recently the patient exposure by medical and dental x-ray examination has grown rapidly and diagnostic radiology represents the largest source of man-made radiation. For the patient protection, the principle of justification and optimization should be followed. All the radiographic examinations have to show a potential benefit to the patient weighing against the potential risk. After they are justified, the radiographic exposure should be kept as low as reasonably achievable, taking into account economic and social factors. For the safe use of radiation in dentistry, the radiation safety management in accordance with the legislation is important. The present status and the future of radiation safety management in dental radiology in Korea and other country will be discussed.