• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 1996

To investigate the effect of low level laser therapy, the author selected 37 dental students with tender points in both masseters and trapeziuses, also measured maximum comportable opening(MCO), Numerical analog scale(NAS) and pressure pain threshold (PPT). 20 subjects were assigned randomly and were treated with GaAlAs diode laser after ultrasound. The other 17 subjects were treated with ultrasound and laser without irradiation. All the subjects were treated after 2 and 4 day respectively and were examined again after 6 days. And the obtained results were as follows : 1. The MCO of irradiated group increased more significantly after treatment than non-irradiated group. 2. The NAS of irradiated group decreased more significantly after treatment than non-irradiated group. 3. The PPT or irradiated group increased more significantly after treatment than non-irradiated group.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.609-614
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• 1996

Laser is getting more attention from increasing numbers of dental clinicians by its own several unique characteristics : precision, hemostasis, and bactericidal capacity. It also provides patients with several advantages of minimal tissue damage. faster healing with less postoperative pain and minimal use of local anesthetics. Labial or lingual frenectomies were performed successfully in three pediatric patients using Nd-YAG laser. When compared to the conventional scalpel method, less local anesthetics were needed and the bleeding control was so excellent that any suture was not necessary. The operation sites were completely healed without any infection or complication and discomfort from swelling or pain was not noted in all cases throughout the healing process.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.201-206
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• 2004

Laser scanner are getting used for inspection and reverse engineering in industry such as motors, electronic products, dies and molds. However, due to the lack of efficient scanning technique, the tasks become limited to the low accuracy purpose. The main reasons for this limitation for usefulness are caused from the optical drawback, such as irregular reflection, scanning direction normal to measuring surface, the influence of surface integrity, and other optical disturbances. To overcome these drawback of laser scanner, this study propose the mechanism to reduce the optical trouble by using the 2 kinds of rotational movement axis and by composing the spherical coordinate to scanning the surface keeping normal direction consistently. So, it could be designed and interfaced the measuring device to realize that mechanism, and then it could acquisite the accurate 3D form cloud data. Also, these data are compared with the standard master ball and the data acquisited from the touch point sensor, to evaluate the accuracy and stability of measurement and to demonstrate the implementation of an dental tooth purpose system

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2014

Purpose: Dentin hypersensitivity is a potential threat to oral health. Laser irradiation may provide reliable and reproducible treatment but remains controversial. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of $CO_2$ or erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser therapy, and to assess mineral content. Methods: Eighteen human single-rooted teeth affected with advanced periodontitis were obtained. Buccal and lingual surfaces were planed to form 36 specimens. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid gel (24%) was applied to remove the smear layer and simulate hypersensitive teeth. The experimental groups were: group 1, control (no irradiation); group 2, $CO_2$ laser (repetitive pulsed mode, 2 W, $2.7J/cm^2$); and group 3, Er:YAG laser (slight contact mode, 40 mJ/pulse and 10 Hz). To evaluate dentinal tubule occlusion, six specimens per group (2-mm thickness) were prepared and observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for calculation of the occlusion percentage. To evaluate the mineral content, six specimens per group (0.6-mm thickness) were used, and then the levels of Ca, K, Mg, Na, and P were measured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. In addition, the surface temperature of the specimens during laser irradiation was analyzed by a thermograph. Results: The SEM photomicrographs indicated melted areas around exposed dentinal tubules and a significantly greater percentage of tubular occlusion in the $CO_2$ and Er:YAG laser groups than the control, and in the Er:YAG group than the $CO_2$ laser group. In addition, no significant differences were noted among the experimental groups for the mineral elements analyzed. The $CO_2$ laser group showed an evident thermal effect compared to the Er:YAG group. Conclusions: $CO_2$ and Er:YAG laser are effective in treating dentin hypersensitivity and reducing its symptoms. However, the Er:YAG laser has a more significant effect; thus, it may constitute a useful conditioning item. Furthermore, neither $CO_2$ nor Er:YAG lasers affected the compositional structure of the mineral content.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2022

Purpose: This pilot study assessed the immediate in vivo effect of high peak pulse power neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser monotherapy on selected red/orange complex periodontal pathogens in deep human periodontal pockets. Methods: Twelve adults with severe periodontitis were treated with the Laser-Assisted New Attachment Procedure (LANAP®) surgical protocol, wherein a free-running, digitally pulsed, Nd:YAG dental laser was used as the initial therapeutic step before mechanical root debridement. Using a flexible optical fiber in a handpiece, Nd:YAG laser energy, at a density of 196 J/cm² and a high peak pulse power of 1,333 W/pulse, was directed parallel to untreated tooth root surfaces in sequential coronal-apical passes to clinical periodontal probing depths, for a total applied energy dose of approximately 8-12 joules per millimeter of periodontal probing depth at each periodontal site. Subgingival biofilm specimens were collected from each patient before and immediately after Nd:YAG laser monotherapy from periodontal pockets exhibiting ≥6 mm probing depths and bleeding on probing. Selected red/orange complex periodontal pathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, and Campylobacter species) were quantified in the subgingival samples using established anaerobic culture techniques. Results: All immediate post-treatment subgingival biofilm specimens continued to yield microbial growth after Nd:YAG laser monotherapy. The mean levels of total cultivable red/orange complex periodontal pathogens per patient significantly decreased from 12.0% pretreatment to 4.9% (a 59.2% decrease) immediately after Nd:YAG laser monotherapy, with 3 (25%) patients rendered culture-negative for all evaluated red/orange complex periodontal pathogens. Conclusions: High peak pulse power Nd:YAG laser monotherapy, used as the initial step in the LANAP® surgical protocol on mature subgingival biofilms, immediately induced significant reductions of nearly 60% in the mean total cultivable red/orange complex periodontal pathogen proportions per patient prior to mechanical root instrumentation and the rest of the LANAP® surgical protocol.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.145-159
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• 2024

Dental injections are routinely performed and can result in pain and anxiety in patients. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in dental injections for pain management in patients undergoing dental treatment. Indexed databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Cochrane Library, were electronically searched without a time limit up to February 2024. A risk of bias evaluation was performed using the Cochrane tool. A preliminary investigation using electronic and manual methods yielded 4,920,881 manuscripts. Based on the eligibility requirements, 13 randomized control trials (RCTs) were included. Self-assessed pain was determined using the visual analog scale, Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Controllability scale, or Wong-Baker face pain scale. Eight RCTs demonstrated a notable decrease in needle pain in patients undergoing dental needle injections using PBMT. Based on current evidence, PBMT may help reduce needle pain related to dental anesthesia. Further standardized studies are needed to assess the significance of PBMT for postoperative pain in patients undergoing dental injections.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.158-164
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• 2019

최근에는 환자의 귀에 거슬리는 소음을 발생시키는 치과 용 핸드 피스의 소음을 줄이기 위한 많은 연구가 주목 받고 있습니다. 일반적으로 배기 밸브, 기계 또는 자동차의 공기 펌프 내부에 흡음재를 추가하는 방법이 기계적 소음을 줄이는 최적의 방법으로 널리 보고됩니다. 본 논문에서는 EPP 기판의 미세 다공성 구조를 이용한 새로운 UV 레이저 가공 및 흡음 효율 향상을 위한 치과 용 핸드 피스의 제조 방법을 연구 하였다. 슬라이스 된 EPP 기판의 표면에 UV 레이저 가공으로 다수의 미세 크기 기공이 만들어졌다. 본 실험에서 다양한 휴대용 기계에 적용할 수 있는 우수한 잠재력을 가진 마이크로 다공성 EPP 기판은 치과 용 핸드 피스 내부의 마이크로 머플러의 흡음 구조에 적용되었고 핸드피스의 소음을 측정한 결과 적용전의 핸드피스에 비해 약 4dB의 흡음효과를 나타내었다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2000

새로운 레이저형광측정기술을 사용한 Diagnodent의 우식진단능력을 탐침을 사용하는 시진법 및 일반적 방사선사진촬영법과 비교하여 평가하기 위하여, 건전하거나 열구우식이 있는 발거된 대구치와 소구치 103개를 대상으로 위의 세 가지 방법의 검사를 각각 시행하고 그 성적을 비교하였다. 시진 및 방사선검사 성적이 증가할수록 Diagnodent성적도 함께 증가하는 분포를 나타내었다(P<0.01). 시진 성적과 Diagnodent 성적 간에는 피어슨 상관계수 0.676, 스피어만 순위상관계수 0.694의 상관성이 있었고, 방사선검사 성적과 Diagnodent 성적 간에는 각각 0.623, 0.658의 상관성이 있었다(P<0.01, 전체). Diagnodent 검사법은 민감도가 매우 높은 것으로 나타났으나, 가양성의 측정치가 많아 특이도가 낮게 나타났으며, 우식단계별 진단기준을 제시하기 위하여는 더 많은 연구가 필요하다고 평가되었다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2019

Background: Pain, limitations in opening, asymmetrical jaw movements, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds are the most common findings in temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs), which causes excruciating pain, inflammation of the surrounding muscles, posterior fibers, and synovial fluid. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of ultrasound heat therapy and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in reducing TMD-related pain. Methods: This prospective study included 42 patients (age range, 25-45 years), who were divided into two groups of 21 patients each. All patients were prescribed a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) twice a day for 5 days for temporary relief of pain prior to the commencement of treatment. Patients were kept on a soft diet and asked to restrict mouth opening during the same period. Fifteen sessions of LLLT (Group A) or ultrasound therapy (Group B) were administered to the affected side. Results: Post-therapy, the mean visual analog scale score for group A and group B was 4.81 (2.01) and 6.19 (1.20), respectively; the difference was statistically significant and favoring the LLLT group. Similarly, the mean mouth opening for group A and group B was 3.99 (0.40) and 3.65 (0.41), respectively; the difference was statistically significant and favoring the LLLT group. Conclusion: Our study recommends LLLT for treating TMD-related pain with no underlying bony pathology.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.298-315
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• 2021

Purpose: Peri-implantitis therapy and implant maintenance are fundamental practices to enhance the longevity of zirconia implants. However, the use of physical decontamination methods, including hand instruments, polishing devices, ultrasonic scalers, and laser systems, might damage the implant surfaces. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of physical decontamination methods on zirconia implant surfaces. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using 5 electronic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Hand searching of the OpenGrey database, reference lists, and 6 selected dental journals was also performed to identify relevant studies satisfying the eligibility criteria. Results: Overall, 1049 unique studies were identified, of which 11 studies were deemed suitable for final review. Air-abrasive devices with glycine powder, prophylaxis cups, and ultrasonic scalers with non-metal tips were found to cause minimal to no damage to implantgrade zirconia surfaces. However, hand instruments and ultrasonic scalers with metal tips have the potential to cause major damage to zirconia surfaces. In terms of laser systems, diode lasers appear to be the most promising, as no surface alterations were reported following their use. Conclusion: Air-abrasive devices and prophylaxis cups are safe for zirconia implant decontamination due to preservation of the implant surface integrity. In contrast, hand instruments and ultrasonic scalers with metal tips should be used with caution. Recommendations for the use of laser systems could not be fully established due to significant heterogeneity among included studies, but diode lasers may be the best-suited system. Further research-specifically, randomised controlled trials-would further confirm the effects of physical decontamination methods in a clinical setting.