• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.313-324
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to confirm the association among the health status, health behaviors, and periodontitis according to total, age and sex in cases of adult metabolic syndrome(MetS). Methods: This cross-sectional study used collected data from the 7^th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted from 2016 to 2018 with 3,394 adults with MetS aged 19-79 years. The complex samples logistic regression analysis confirmed the relevant factors for periodontitis. Results:Periodontitis was diagnosed in 43.6% of all MetS cases. Diabetes (Odds Ratio [OR]=1.554), abdominal obesity (OR=1.336), current smoking (OR=2.465), past smoking (OR=1.379), and not-using oral care products (OR=1.414) were associated with periodontitis in MetS. In the age of 19-39 years with MetS group, diabetes (OR=5.379), elevated blood pressure (OR=3.975), current smoking (OR=7.430), and not using oral care products (OR=3.356) were associated with periodontitis. In the 40-79 age group, diabetes (OR=1.398), abdominal obesity (OR=1.360), current smoking (OR=2.022), and not using oral care products (OR=1.416) were associated with periodontitis. In the male MetS group, current smoking (OR=3.119), past smoking (OR=1.625), and brushing teeth more than three times (OR=0.743) were associated with periodontitis. In the female MetS group, diabetes (OR=1.733), impaired fasting glucose (OR=1.434), abdominal obesity (OR=1.479), and not using oral care products (OR=1.992) were associated with periodontitis. Conclusions: Improvement in blood sugar control, obesity, smoking cessation, and oral health education, including how to use oral care products in all individuals with MetS may result in improved oral health. In addition, improvement in elevated blood pressure in the MetS group aged under 40 years, and brushing teeth more than three times a day in the male MetS group can reduce the risk of periodontitis. Therefore, public and oral health professionals should emphasize on the relationship between age and sex during the metabolic syndrome management program and share relevant information with patients.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.23-43
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• 2006

Objectives: To investigate the drinking behavior and related factors of community residents in G city. Methods: Examination was executed with questionnaire to 1973 adults. Data were collected from October 1, 2005 to November 16, 2005. Drinking behavior involves rate of drinking, frequency of drinking, age of starting drinking, drinking amount, rate of attempts to drink moderately and reasons for reducing drinking. Related factors involves the general characteristics, the habits of health behaviors. This was analyzed with frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, x2-test, t-test, ANOVA and logistic regression. Results: The drinking rate of the respondents was 67.4%, that rate of male was 83.1%, while that rate of female was 52.5%. The drinking rate was higher in groups of younger aged and highly educated people than that rate of the other groups. The highest level of drinking frequency was ones or twice a week. The drinking frequency of those who drank more than three times weekly was higher in the groups of male, old aged, married people, low educated people, rural residents, farmers or fisherman or laborers and those who unemployed or who did not exercise frequently and control their body weight. These individuals also preferred salty food and meat and fish, dined out frequently, did not visit dental clinic regularly, and tend to be smokers. The mean of the age of starting drinking was 21.17 year-old, that of males was 19.94 year-old, that of females was 22.82 year-old. The mean of the age of starting drinking was lower in groups of male, young aged, unmarried, college educated, rural residents, clerks, high monthly income, healthy and no illness, and smokers than that of the other group. The average of the drinking amount was 5.77 pack, that of males was 7.41 pack, and that of females was 3.31 pack. The drinking amount is much more in groups of males, fifties, unmarried, college educated, rural residents, self-employed, healthy people, and smoker than the other. 33.4% of the respondents attempted to drink moderately. According to the reasons of trying to drink moderately, the rate of prevention illness was highest. Conclusions: The variables of influencing drinking were sex, marital status, education, smoking, monthly income, health status, and stress.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2013

In this study, the effect of niobium addition on the passivation behavior of Ti alloys in NaCl solution was investigated using various electrochemical methods. An ${\alpha}$-phase in Ti alloy was transformed into a ${\beta}$-phase and martensite structure decreased as Nb content increased. The corrosion and passivation current density($+300mV_{SCE}$) decreased as Nb content increased, and thereby a stable passive film was formed on the Ti alloy. Potential of Ti-xNb alloy in the passive region increased, whereas, current density decreased with time from results of potentiostatic and galvanostatic tests. Also, the corrosion morphology showed the smaller pits as Nb content increased. Consequently, Ti alloy contained high Nb content showed a good resistance to pitting corrosion in 0.9% NaCl solution.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.865-874
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of smoking and drinking status with gingival symptoms among the adolescents in Korea. Methods:We used the data from the web-based survey of the National Korean Youth Risk Behavior of Korean Center for Disease Control in 2016. The study subjects were 65,528 adolescents from middle- and high schools. Data were analyzed by SPSS Ver. 19.0. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the factors related to gingival symptoms. Results: We observed 1.52 of odds ratio (OR) for gingival symptoms for those who smoked only without drinking in middle schools. In addition, we had ORs of 1.29 or 1.69 for those who drank only without smoking, or who smoked and drank in the middle schools, respectively, compared to nonsmoking nondrinkers. Risk of gingival symptoms for those who drank only or who smoked and drank in high schools were 1.18 or 1.17 times higher than nonsmoking nondrinkers. Conclusions: Smoking and drinking status among the adolescents are the risk factors to develop gingival symptoms. The problem of smoking and drinking in the adolescents should be considered when establishing the policies and institutions to improve oral health targeting the adolescents.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.97-104
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• 2013

This study investigated the safety management behavior of dental professionals to minimize exposure to harmful elements of amalgam and resin. As for the use of amalgam and resin, 85.8% of them used amalgam. 100% of used composite resin 100%. 97.8% used acryl resin, and 95.7% used tray resin. 95.2% and 36.5% of them were aware of the harm of amalgam and resin respectively. When using resin, their safety management behavior score was 1.99 on average, and the lowest score was 2.50 on average for 'ventilate the indoor air when handling resin'. Their average score of the safety management behavior was 1.83 when using amalgam. The lowest score was 2.89 on average for 'use the rubber dam for patients when handling amalgam'. As a result of the safety management behavior based on general characteristics, all characteristics were significant with regard to amalgam, and my position at work and work experience were significant with regard to resin (p<0.05). The correlation between the safety management behavior and general characteristics was analyzed when dental amalgam and resin are used. Amalgam was statistically correlated with academic background (p<0.05) and position at work (p<0.05), whereas resin was statistically significantly correlated with age (p<0.05) and position at work (p<0.05). Accordingly, education about the harm of dental materials must be continuously provided for dental professionals when they handle dental materials so that safety management behavior will be conducted correctly, and active efforts to protect the health of dental professionals from harmful chemicals must be made.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.261-269
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• 2013

Objectives : This research examined the Patient Hygiene Performance(PHP) index according to smoking and tooth brushing behavior, in order to analyze how they influence the oral hygiene. Methods : This research used PHP index and the structured questionnaire. The subjects were 203 men in their 20's who visited K university's dental hygiene department for oral prophylaxis from March to July of 2012. For data analysis SPSS WIN 12.0 was used. Results : 1. The average PHP index of all experimented subjects was 2.66, a very poor level. The PHP index according to general characteristics, smoking, drinking, and exercise showed statistical significance(p<0.05). 2. PHP index decreased with more frequencies and longer durations of toothbrushing(p<0.05). 3. The PHP index of smokers is higher than that of non-smokers. In the case of non-smokers, the frequency, method, and duration of tooth brushing had a statistical significance(p<0.05). 4. The PHP index of smokers who smoke less than or equal to ten cigarettes is 2.53 and smokers who smoked more than 10 cigarettes is 3.10. 5. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that smoking increased the PHP index, while the increase in tooth brushing frequency and the up and down tooth brushing method decreased the PHP index. All the coefficients were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions : In order to increase Patient Hygiene Performance(PHP) index. there must be a decrease in smoking rate while people increase their tooth brushing frequency and use a proper tooth brushing method.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.133-139
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• 2021

Background: Smoking in adolescence leads to an intensified addiction to nicotine when physical and mental growth has not yet been completed. With the advent of e-cigarettes, the rate of e-cigarette use among Korean adolescents has been steadily increasing. To date, studies on e-cigarettes and oral health, especially on the relationship between smoking styles and oral health in adolescents, are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors for oral health problems caused by the repeated use of conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes. Methods: This explanatory research study compared the adolescents' experiences of periodontal disease symptoms according to smoking type through a secondary analysis of the original data from the 15th Adolescent Health Behavior Survey (2019). Cross-analysis was performed to compare the smoking patterns according to the adolescents' general characteristics. Finally, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine how smoking characteristics affect the adolescents' experience of periodontal disease symptoms. Results: In terms of patients' general characteristics, significant differences were observed in sex, school level, grades, household economic status, type of residence, and father's education level between adolescents who smoked conventional cigarettes alone and those who smoked both conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes (p<0.05). After checking the factors affecting the smoking pattern and the experience of periodontal disease symptoms in adolescents, it was found that the duplicate smoking group was more likely to experience periodontal disease symptoms (odds ratio, 1.20) than the group that smoked conventional cigarettes alone (p<0.05). Conclusion: Duplicate smokers experienced more symptoms of periodontal disease than those who smoked cigarettes alone. Based on the findings of this study, smoking cessation counseling according to the smoking type and differentiated education for oral health promotion should be provided.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the experiences of depression, suicidal thoughts, and habitual drug use in middle and high school students and examine their relationship with the oral symptoms experiences. Methods: The participants of this study were 54,948 middle and high school students who took the screening and health survey at the 16th "Youth Health Behavior Survey" (2020). The SPSS statistical software (IBM SPSS 23.0 for Windows; IBM) was used for data analysis. The significance level was set to 0.05. Results: Complex-sample logistic regression analysis was performed to confirm the relationship between the experiences of depression, suicidal thoughts, and habitual drug use and oral symptom experienced. The results indicated that the absence of depression, suicidal thoughts, or habitual drugs had a significant effect on oral symptom experience. Conclusion: A systematic counseling program for early detection of oral symptoms and oral health promotion as well as strategies for practicing correct oral hygiene are required. Additionally, it is necessary to develop a customized education program to promote health education in middle and high school students. It can be used as the basis for an integrated support system that students can use to grow healthy. A differentiated program on the topic of mental health promotion for each grade can be planned and its effects can be monitored.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.9-17
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• 2017

This study was conducted in 241 fire officers at fire stations in Daejeon Metropolitan City to determine their oral health care behavior status and obtained the following results: First, men were more likely to brush their teeth 3 times a day and women were more likely to brush their teeth 4 times a day; those who were in their twenties and had ${\leq}5$ years of career brushed their teeth for ${\geq}3$ minutes. Second, the respondents who were in their twenties and thirties and had <10 years of career were more likely to use auxiliary oral hygiene devices and fire captains and those at higher positions were more likely to have received oral health education. Third, the respondents having received oral health education were more likely to use auxiliary oral hygiene devices and to have their teeth scaling within a year. While the fire officers were fortunately at good levels of oral health care, taking the poor working environment into account, the efforts to develop job-customized oral health programs in which IT and robot technologies are combined to improve oral health and take measures to publicize the programs and to give better treatment to fire officers are expected to put them in better oral health care status.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.335-341
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• 2012

This study conducted a survey targeting at dental hygienists working in medical institutions located in Daegu, Pusan, Ulsan Metropolitan City and Gyeongnam and Gyeongbuk Province from July 18th to August 26th 2011, in order to study factors which affect radiation safety management behaviors and improve levels of those behaviors. The results of this study are as follows. 1. There were significant differences in radiation safety management knowledge of dental hygienists, according to service institutions (p<.001), the current state of defense facilities (p<.006) and the necessity for safety management education (p<.012). 2. There were significant differences in radiation safety management attitudes, according to age (p<.014), service institutions (p<.003), work experience (p<.009), educational level (p<.002), the current state of defense facilities (p<.015), the necessity for safety management education (p<.005) and the intention to take part in the education (p<.036). 3. There were significant differences in radiation safety management behaviors, depending on experience in safety management education (p<.068), measurement of exposed dose (p<.010), the state of defense facilities (p<.001). 4. There were statistically positive correlations between radiation safety management knowledge and attitude, and between radiation safety management attitude and behavior (p<.05). 5. The regular measurement of exposed dose (p<.046) and the present state of defense facilities (p<.001) were found to be factors to affect radiation safety management behaviors. In conclusion, it is considered that building perfect defense facilities of radiology rooms and measuring the exposed does of dental hygienists on a regular basis to alert them to the danger of radiation is considerably important to improve radiation safety management behaviors.