• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.917-931
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to understand impulse buying typology for apparel products in the internet shopping. Also, analysis of influences is conducted to ascertain if a influence exists between factors which are consumer's interior factor & exterior condition, marketing stimulus of internet shopping, and consumer's general behavior in internet shopping and impulse buying typology, after offer fundamental information for internet marketing. As a result of analyzing the relationship between consumers' interior factors and impulse buying, the author found out that consumers' pure impulse buying was much influenced by the timing to buy new clothing, willingness to risk trying new designs and preference for up-to-date designs, and enjoyment derived from the buying itself. As a result of analyzing the relationship between consumers' exterior conditions and impulse buying, the author learned that impulse buying was also influenced by shopping time length, shoppers' mood and sentiments, and budgeting. As a result of analyzing the relationship between marketing stimulus and impulse buying, the author found out that impulse buying was the most influenced by facilitative marketing stimuli. Lastly, as a result of analyzing the relationship between shopping behaviors & socio-demographical variables and impulse buying propensities in Internet shopping malls, the author learned that pure impulse buying, reminder & suggestion impulse buying, and planned impulse buying are influenced by the period and frequency of using Internet shopping malls for clothes, purchase amount, and the time length of the shopping.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.143-160
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• 2014

This study focuses that the business starters can refer to this study, select better franchise headquarter and make the franchise member agreement. The most concerned part for the people who want to open franchise shop is what brand is reliable and safe to them. I have analyzed disclosure report that contains overall information of franchise headquarters and researched 300 franchise shops as sample. I drew the conclusion of the decision factors of franchise member agreement, overlooked demographical status by frequency analysis with SPSS 18.0 and performed disperse analysis to examine the decision factors of franchise member agreement and the difference between sex, service type, shop size and income level. In conclusion, the most concerned factor for the franchise agreement is sales management. Sex, shop size and income level are not meaningful factors, but the cost and training management factors are considered differently based on the service type. I hope 1) this study can be utilized for the franchise business starters judge and refer information level provided by the headquarters and make a successful franchise shop business. 2) this study can make solid relationship between franchise members and present a long term vision to them. Finally, this study can be a foundation to promote franchise field through making and supplementing the law of promoting proficient and good franchise headquarters and fairness of franchise transaction and franchise encouragement.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.477-492
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• 1999

The disease patterns among the Korean was shifted from acute and infectious diseases to chronic diseases. According to the these disease patterns trends, people have concerned about the health promotion and health behaviors. Pender's(1996) revised health promotion model(HPM) is consist of three categories; Individual characteristics and experiences, Behavior-specific cognitions and affect, behavioral outcome. Of these categories, individual characteristics and experiences, this category of variables is considered to be of biological, psychological and socio-cultural personal factors, especially, individual fatigue. Futhermore. these variables constitute a critical core for nursing intervention, as they are subject to modification through nursing actions. But there is no few the research of the relationship between the fatigue and health promotion. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between the fatigue and health promoting life style among a rural college students. Additionally, this descriptive correlational study identified the relation of demographic factors and fatigue, health promoting life style. From June 20 to 26, 1998, a convenience sample of 270 college students completed the questionnaire of the fatigue and health promoting life style profile which were developed by the Yoshitake(1978) and Walker, et al.(1987), respectively. The descriptive correlational statistics, mean, t-test, ANONA, Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data gathered with SAS pc+ program. The results were as it follows: 1. The average fatigue score of the subjects was $64.93{\pm}12.89$. Fatigue scores by subcategory were physical symptoms($23.5{\pm}4.87$). psychological symptoms($22.11{\pm}4.66$) and neuro-sensory symptoms($19.32{\pm}5.14$). With the respect to the demographic characteristics of the subjects, there were statistically significant differences between the demographic factors and fatigue, especially, sex(t==3.69 p<0.01), major(t=-2.89 p<0.01). the experience of family illness(t=2.76 p<0.01). 2. The average health promoting life style item score of the subjects was $2.33{\pm}0.33$. In the subcategories, the highest degree of performance was self-actualization(2.94), following interpersonal support(2.81). stress management(2.33), exercise(2.20), nutrition(2.10), and the lowest degree was health responsibility(1.73). There were the significant differences on the learning of health education(t=2.00 p<0.01). religion(F=3.01, p<0.05), circle activity(t=2.07, p<0.05), nutrition control(t=5.25, p<0.01) of demographical factors with the health promoting life style. 3. The correlation between the fatigue and health promoting life style made statistically no significance(r=-0.09731, p>0.05). But there was negative significant relationship between health promoting life style and psychological symptom as a fatigue subcategory(r=-0.15721, p<0.05). The self-actualization showed negative significant correlation with all fatigue subcategory. The health responsibility showed significant relationship with total fatigue(r=0.13050. p<0.05). For further research, it suggests to replicate the correlational and causal study between the fatigue and the health promoting life style using the another fatigue scale which is able to measure the subjective and objective fatigue degree. And it needs to develop the nursing intervention program for maintaining and promoting the health behavior as well as for decreasing the college students's fatigue.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to determine potential contributing factors associated with biosecurity level of farrow-to-finish pig farms and to develop a classification tree model to explore how these factors related to each other based on prediction model. To this end, the author analyzed data (n = 193) extracted from a cross-sectional study of 344 farrow-to-finish farms which was conducted between March and September 2014 aimed to explore swine disease status at farm level. Standardized questionnaires with information about basic demographical data and management practices were collected in each farm by on-site visit of trained veterinarians. For the classification of the data sets regarding biosecurity level as a dependent variable and predictor variables, Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) algorithm was applied for modeling classification tree. The statistics of misclassification risk was used to evaluate the fitness of the model in terms of prediction results. Categorical multivariate input data (40 variables) was used to construct a classification tree, and the target variable was biosecurity level dichotomized into low versus high. In general, the level of biosecurity was lower in the majority of farms studied, mainly due to the limited implementation of on-farm basic biosecurity measures aimed at controlling the potential introduction and transmission of swine diseases. The CHAID model illustrated the relative importance of significant predictors in explaining the level of biosecurity; maintenance of medical records of treatment and vaccination, use of dedicated clothing to enter the farm, installing fence surrounding the farm perimeter, and periodic monitoring of the herd using written biosecurity plan in place. The misclassification risk estimate of the prediction model was 0.145 with the standard error of 0.025, indicating that 85.5% of the cases could be classified correctly by using the decision rule based on the current tree. Although CHAID approach could provide detailed information and insight about interactions among factors associated with biosecurity level, further evaluation of potential bias intervened in the course of data collection should be included in future studies. In addition, there is still need to validate findings through the external dataset with larger sample size to improve the external validity of the current model.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.324-329
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• 2015

The primary aim of this study was to investigate biosecurity practices in pig farms and to determine the major risk factors associated with PCV2 infection for a sampled swine population in Korea. To this end, we analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of 296 farrow-to-finish farms, which was conducted between March and September 2014 to explore the prevalence of swine disease at farm level. Face-to-face interviews by on-site visit of trained veterinarians were conducted with the farm owners or managers using a standardized questionnaires with information about basic demographical data and management practices. Farms were classified as negative or positive through the use of infection profiles that combined data on serological testing including PCR antigen test result, antibody titer and sero-conversion pattern at each age category taking into account vaccination status. Data were analyzed using multivariate ordinal logistic regression. Results from this study indicated that biosecurity level of the farms was considered not good given low compliance of the biosecurity programs and facilities in the farm: off-site removal of dead stocks (7%), off-site location of storage facility for incoming feeds (12.6%), off-site pick-up location for finishers (19.3%), restrictions on feed supplier vehicles for farm entrance (19.6%), restriction of finisher trucks entering the farm (22.4%), and restriction on manure disposal trucks entering the farm (26.4%). In the final model (n = 255), allowance of finisher truck driver to the pig unit had increased risk of infection (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.22-4.67) whereas farms with a sign forbidding the entrance had decreased risk of infection (OR = 0.19, 95% CI 0.10-0.58). Further comprehensive research with larger sample size is required to better understand the multifactorial characteristic that some predisposing risk factors that were not available in this study. To the best knowledge of the authors, this was the first study to use empirical data to report risk factors associated with PCV2 infection in the Korean pig farms. Results from the current study could be used to decide optimal biosecurity measures to reduce the impact of PCV2 infection to farmers and policy makers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2012

The significances of this study are that it offers the possibility of empirical measure, and analysis of the relevance among the temperament according to the degree of Internet addiction, parental rearing behaviors, and committing school violence and that, based on this, were drawn policy suggestions to prevent school violence according to the degree of Internet addiction. According to the results of this study it was revealed that there are differences in Internet addiction depending on the demographical and sociological characteristics. The result of investigating the impact of Internet addiction's degree on the actions of committing school violence shows that the level of general activities is high in the group of young people of Internet addiction and addiction risk, their low access/withdrawal temperament and mood temperament affect significantly the actions of committing school violence, and in parenting behavior mother's high expectations and low supervision affect youth Internet addiction and school violence. Thus, policy suggestions to prevent school violence according to Internet addiction were presented y dividing the role of government and schools, and homes.

• Architectural research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2014

Utilizing spaces for awareness could be superficially noble. However, the typology of spaces played an important role in addressing the awareness of translating the messages through tangible forms, which in this context are sculptures. Assuring the efficacy of the typology of the spaces that is compatible with the content is important to ensure its timelessness to the dynamic demographical change of viewers. Therefore, the study proposes an investigation of the efficacy of typology of public urban space; garden that accommodates memorial sculptures. The study intends to analyze the features and flaws of ASEAN Sculpture Garden, as a mediatory role of ASEAN in instilling awareness of unity between ASEAN members to the public. The objective of the study is to analyze the efficacy of the garden to accommodate the rich memorial sculptures. The body of the research is formed by theoretical and case study research. It is projected by three methods; archival research, semi structured interviews and site documentation; direct observations and site visit. The qualitative data then will be analysed using Actor Network theory, keyword coding and site findings. Findings showed that as the main objective of the garden is to exhibit the sculptures, it could be summed up that it has failed to meet the apparent intention based on the site analysis conducted by the researcher. The typology of the space should be able to communicate the project's aims continuously rather than serving the function temporarily. The variables, which are space and time factors are debatable, as the neighboring tourist spot, National Monument residing the wide square managed to attract public attention due to its great efficacy of typological space regardless the time factor. As a conclusion, the typology of space is a huge factor to ensure the park's success.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 1998

Most of the tourist resort facilities in our country cannot be used in the winter season, and only a few spa resorts and sky resorts are available in the winter. To ameliorate this problem, various types of winter resort facilities have been constructed since 1970s and the massive development of winter resort facilities changed the resort market from a seller's market to a buyer's market. There has been however,few researches on marketing strategies for winter resorts, and there is a growing need for a rational method to maximize tourists' satisfaction and developers'profit at the same time. This research aims to develop a positining strategy to engance the marketability of winter resorts by classifying the resort market with the self-image types of users, and by analyzing the structure of the market, users' preferences, and locational factors. A survey was conducted with cases of Yong-Pyung resort, Mu-Ju resort, Alps resort, Bears resort, Back-Am spa resort, Su-An-Bo spa resort, and I-Chon spa resort. A list of questions in five categories -- similarity, characteristics, preferences, self-image, and personal characteristics of the respondents -- was constructed and tested. Among the 750 copies of questionnaire distributed, 700 were returned by only 378 were analyzed after screening missing or reckless answers. The statistical analysis of the data were conducted using techniques of correlation analysis, frequency analysis, factor analysis. Factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to group the cluster of self-image and a discriminant analysis were used to confirm this classification. The demographical characteristics were identified by frequency analysis, and resorts attributes were analyzed by oneway ANOVA analysis. Multidimensional scaling methods such as KYST, PROFIT, and PREFMAP were used for the positioning strategy.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1109-1119
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and prevalence of periodontal disease in a representative sample of Korean adults older than age 20. Methods: Data of 3,837 adults were collected by the six Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted in 2015. Socioeconomic, demographic, and oral health-related behavior data were collected as independent variables. We determined frequencies, percentage, and determining statistical significance using multiple regression analysis. Results: Prevalence of periodontal diseases showed statistically significant difference in accordance with sex, age, socioeconomic and demographical characteristics and oral health-related behavior. It was confirmed that the prevalence of periodontal diseases was increased in the lower educational level and income (OR, 1.478 and 1.520) after adjusting for conditions such as age, sex, recent dental check-ups, visiting dental clinic, tooth brushing frequency, use of self-care devices. Conclusions: The prevalence of periodontal disease was related with socioeconomic factors in Korean adults. Therefore, differentiated oral health service policies and dental health education among adults with lower education and income is required in order to reduce the prevalence of periodontal disease.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2006

This study was intended to investigate and analyze the satisfaction of military meals service which was recognized by air force soldiers who were familiar to the society's meals service, and to make suggestions for the analysis results. For the study, the questionnaire survey was conducted for 460 air force soldiers who performed military duties in Chungcheong area for 23 days from June 3, 2003 to June 26, 2003. Total 460 copies of questionnaire were distributed. But, among them, 431 questionnaires except 29 copies which included dishonest and untrustful answers were analyzed for the study. In terms of the soldiers' rank in demographical characteristics, 43.2% (186 respondents) of total respondents were the airman first class, and 29.7% (128 soldiers) of total respondents were the airman second class. In terms of an education level, 66.1% (285 respondents) of total respondents had the undergraduate school or higher education level. Also, in terms of the growth area, 56.8% (245 respondents) of total respondents came from large cities. Among 20 items about the military meals service, in the question of cooking soldier's kindness degree, respondents answered that they were satisfied with the cooking solders' kindness at a medial level. The survey showed the average 2.95 in this item. The satisfaction level of actions taken at the lack of foods, was 2.94 on the average. Respondents answered that the soldiers' satisfaction on the actions taken at loss of foods was in the medial level. The average was 2.94 and respondents answered that this satisfaction was in the average level. In the item of daily menu placement, the average was 3.19. respondents showed the little higher satisfaction than the average. As the result of investigating whether the castor's seasoning materials were frequently replaced, there was the satisfaction of average level with 3.00 on the average. The satisfaction level of hot foods' temperature was 3.52 on the average. Respondents answered that they were relatively satisfied with the hot foods' temperature preservation. Also, the survey indicated that the nutritional satisfaction had the most influence.