• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.93-98
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• 2008

A 6-year-old female Boston terrier dog was presented with seizure episode, forelimb paraparesis, excessive panting, and ataxia. On physical and neurological examination, episcleral vessel engorgement, delayed postural reaction, delayed pupillary light reflex (both direct and consensual), and crossed forelimb were noted. Serum biochemical profiles were not remarkable other than mildly elevated hepatic enzymes. On cerebrospinal fluid analysis, elevated protein concentration was observed. In magnetic resonance imaging scans, the left frontal brain lesion with ring enhancement strongly suggested the presence of intracranial tumor. Concurrently, secondary hydrocephalus and syringomyelia were also observed. The dog was euthanized at 4 months after initial presentation because of aggravated neurological signs. This case was definitely diagnosed as an intracranial anaplastic oligodendroglioma based on postmortem histopathologic examination.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.79-90
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• 2002

The role of memory is viewed as central to developing and maintaining flight situation awareness (SA). The present research examines constituent memory processes that underlie flight SA sensitivity as a function of pilot expertise. In Experiment 1, pilot memory for different forms (spatial or verbal) of cockpit situational information was tested immediately after presentation of the information (immediate recall) or after 30-s delay filled with an intervening task (delayed recall). In Experiment 2, pilot SA sensitivity was examined and correlated with memory measures obtained in Experiment 1. Results suggest that an expertise effect occurs in delayed recall but not in immediate recall and that memory representation of situational information required to develop high levels of SA sensitivity varies as a function of expertise. Theoretical accounts of results are discussed in the context of psychological theories of expertise.

• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.115-144
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to compare the two different instruction methods for Korean learners of academic purposes in learning request expression. Participants were divided into two groups, explicit and implicit group. Both groups viewed several scenes from the drama that involved native speakers interacting in different situations. The instructional treatment for the explicit group included metapragmatic information while the treatment for the implicit group did not. On the other hand, the treatment for the implicit group followed implicit techniques, which were repetition of the video presentation and a script reading activity. This study was made up of a pre-test, a post-test, and a delayed-test. The pre-test was conducted prior to the instructional treatment. The post-test was administered a day after the last instruction and the delayed-test was conducted five weeks after the treatments. Two types of tests, speaking and writing, were used in this study to examine subjects' knowledge of Korean request. The result of this research reveals that implicit treatment was more effective than explicit treatment in Korean learners' request acquisition. This results might have been due to the operationalization of the implicit condition in this study. Implicit instruction may help language learners make rules by themselves through tasks.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.199-204
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• 2023

It is critical to identify the ruptured cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) for secondary prevention. However, there are rare cases unidentified on the radiological evaluation. We report on a patient with the delayed appearance of radiologically occult AVM as a probable cause of the previous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). An 18-year-old male patient presented with a right temporal ICH. The preoperative radiological examination did not reveal any causative lesions. Because of the intraoperative findings suggesting an AVM, however, only hematoma was evacuated. Disappointedly, there were no abnormal findings on postoperative and follow-up radiographic examinations. Eleven years later, the patient presented with an epileptic seizure, and an AVM was identified in the right temporal lobe where ICH had occurred before. The patient underwent partial glue embolization followed by total surgical resection of the AVM and anterior temporal lobe. Based on the literature review published in the era of magnetic resonance imaging, common clinical presentation of radiologically occult AVMs included headache and seizure. Most of them were confirmed by pathologic examination after surgery. In cases of the ICH of unknown etiology in young patients, long-term follow-up should be considered.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 2009

Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture is uncommon, but requires a prompt diagnosis and repair. Diaphragmatic injury is most commonly associated with automobile accidents. The diagnosis is difficult and may be delayed because there are no specific symptoms, signs, or radiographic studies that are pathognomic for diaphragmatic injury. The most important factor in the diagnosis is a high suspicion and the use of proper diagnostic studies. We report a case involving the delayed presentation of diaphragmatic rupture in a 54 year old man, requiring surgical repair 12 days following multiple blunt trauma. It should be noted that early recognition for diaphragmatic injury is important in patients with multiple trauma to avoid the potential fatal complications.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.524-530
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• 2007

The recent advances in the basic hematology and immunology have significantly enhanced the understanding of histiocytic disorders. The Histiocyte Society which was established in 1985 enabled the randomized trials for these diseases, and important knowledge regarding pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, therapy and late consequences has been obtained. The treatment of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) has varied greatly over last decades, and is still controversial. Therapy can be reduced for low risk patients, and it is possible to discriminate early the non-responding patients with risk disease who might require more intensified treatment. Current therapy of LCH recommended by the Histiocyte Society (LCH-III protocol) is activated in 2001. Hemophaocytic histiocytosis (HLH) is fatal if diagnosis is delayed and appropriate therapy is not instituted rapidly. The diagnostic criteria for HLH is revised by the Histiocyte Society for the current treatment protocol (HLH-2004) which consists of dexamethasone, etoposide, and cyclosporin in combination with intathecal methotrexate. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is usually necessary for the primary HLH and recurrent secondary HLH.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.74-79
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• 2014

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is an under-recognized non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergy. The diagnosis of FPIES is based on clinical history, sequential symptoms and the timing, after excluding other possible causes. It is definitively diagnosed by an oral food challenge test. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of FPIES is frequently delayed because of non-specific symptoms and insufficient definitive diagnostic biomarkers. FPIES is not well recognized by clinicians; the affected infants are often mismanaged as having viral gastroenteritis, food poisoning, sepsis, or a surgical disease. Familiarity with the clinical features of FPIES and awareness of the indexes of suspicion for FPIES are important to diagnose FPIES. Understanding the recently defined clinical terms and types of FPIES is mandatory to suspect and correctly diagnose FPIES. The aim of this review is to provide a case-driven presentation as a guide of how to recognize the clinical features of FPIES to improve diagnosis and management of patients with FPIES.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.669-679
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• 2010

The risk of mortality and morbidity of patients with congenital heart defects (CHDs) is highest during neonatal period and increases when diagnosis and proper management are delayed. Neonates with critical CHDs may present with severe cyanosis, respiratory distress, shock, or collapse, all of which are also frequent clinical presentations of various respiratory problems or sepsis in the newborn. Early diagnosis and stabilization and timely referral to a tertiary cardiac center are crucial to improve the outcomes in neonates with CHDs. In this review, the clinical presentation of critical and potentially life-threatening CHDs is discussed along with brief case reviews to help understand the hemodynamics of these defects and ensure proper decision-making in critically ill patients.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.47-49
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• 2007

The authors describe a rare case of tension pneumocephalus, caused by ventriculoperitoneal[V-P] shunting for communicating hydrocephalus. The patient had a history of a right frontal skull fracture and pneumocephalus after a traffic accident five months prior to the present presentation of gait disturbance and memory impairment. A CT scan showed hydrocephalus and a V-P shunt was put in place. On the fourth day after surgery, the mental status of the patient gradually deteriorated due to a tension pneumocephalus; this was treated by repairing a fistula in the frontal sinus and a dural defect. The patient's mental status improved and symptoms were completely recovered. We report a case of tension pneumocephalus following V-P shunt for hydrocephalus in a patient who sustained a right frontal skull fracture.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.615-618
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• 2009

Kawasaki disease (KD) causes multisystemic vasculitis but rarely manifests with pulmonary symptoms. As its etiology is still unknown, there are no specific diagnostic tools available, and KD can be diagnosed only by the symptom pattern. The presence of unusual clinical manifestations often leads to delayed diagnosis. Here, we report two cases of KD with an initial presentation of pneumonia. KD should be consideration when there is a prolonged inflammatory reaction and progressive pneumonia unresponsive to antibiotics.