• 한국가금학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 1998

In order to compare economics of soybean meals (SBMS) imported from Brazil and the U.S., a feeding trial was conducted with 480 commercial broiler chicks (Abor Acres strain) for 38 days. The Brazilian SBM was brownish in color and the protein solubility in 0.2 % KOH solution was 63. 4 %. The U.S. SBM, on the other hand, was a dehulled SBM, and uniform in color (light yellow) and particle size. The protein solubility value of the latter was 76.6 %. Two dietary protein levels (19 % and 21 %) were used for each source of SBM (2x2 factorial). Chicks fed diets containing the U.S. SBM grew significantly faster (P<0.05) and utilized feed more efficiently than chicks fed diets containing Brazilian SBM. Chicks fed diets containing 21 % CP showed better growth performance and profitability than those fed the 19 % CP diets. The price of the U.S. SBM was higher but the feed cost per unit gain was lower than the Brazilian SBM. Results suggest that there are over-cooked SBMs being traded on the Korean rnarket, and attention should be given to not only the price but also the quality of SBMs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2009

본 연구는 일반대두박인 아르헨티나, 인도 및 한국산 그리고 탈피대두박인 미국산 대두박의 육계 사료원료로서의 영양적 품질을 평가하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 대두박의 영양적 가치평가를 위해 일반성분, 아미노산 함량, TME, TMEn, 아미노산 이용률, urease 활성도 및 KOH 용해도를 측정하였고, 육계의 생산성 평가를 위해 20일령의 육용종 수평아리 (Ross) 400수에게 옥수수-대두박을 기초로 각 처리구 별로 원산지가 다른 대두박을 이용한 실험사료를 15일간 급여하였으며, 4처리 4반복 (반복당 25수)으로 완전 임의 배치하여 사양실험을 실시하였다. 대두박의 일반성분과 아미노산의 함량을 조사한 결과 조단백질 함량은 45.43% (아르헨티나산)에서 48.47% (미국산)의 범위였고, 조지방 함량은 1.11% (인도산)에서 1.96% (아르헨티나산)의 범위였다. 조회분 함량은 5.89% (아르헨티나산)에서 7.18% (인도산)의 범위였고, 조섬유 함량은 3.48% (미국산) 에서 7.12% (인도산)의 범위였다. 아미노산의 함량은 조단백질 함량과 비례하여 미국산이 가장 높았으며, 대부분의 아미노산 함량에서 인도산과 아르헨티나산이 유의하게 낮은 수치를 보였다. 에너지 함량 즉 TME와 TMEn 값은 미국산이 각각 3245.4 kcal/kg 및 3228.9 kcal/kg으로 가장 높았으며, 한국산, 아르헨티나산, 인도산의 순으로 낮았으나 유의한 차이는 아니었다. 아미노산 이용률은 평균적으로 유의한 차이는 아니었으나, 미국산이 가장 높았고 한국산, 아르헨티나산, 인도산의 순으로 낮았다. Urease 활성도는 대두박 간에 유의한 차이가 없었고, KOH 용해도의 결과를 보면 아르헨티나산의 KOH 용해도가 유의하게 낮은 수치를 보였으나 모든 대두박이 허용치를 벗어나지 않아 모두 적절한 열처리를 한 대두박의 결과를 나타냈다. 종료체중, 증체량 및 사료섭취량 모두 유의한 차이가 없었으나 사료요구율은 미국산이 유의하게 낮은 결과를 보였다 (P<0.05). 도체특성 및 혈 중 총 콜레스테롤 농도는 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2003

이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 쥐눈이콩은 조단백 및 조지방의 함량이 높고, 무기질이 풍부하며, 불포화지방산이 풍부하고 linoleic acid가 다량 함유되어 있었다. Glucose와 galactose가 주요 구성당이었으며, 12종의 지방산이 동정되었다. 쥐눈이콩 추출물의 항산화 활성을 탐색한 결과 종피 메탄올 추출물$(IC_{50}:\; 8.3\;{\mu}g/ml)$과 종피 75% 에탄올 추출물$(IC_{50}: 10.0{\mu}g/ml)$이 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 항산화 활성이 가장 높은 쥐눈이콩 종피 추출물을 용매분획하여 각 분획물에 대한 생리활성을 조사한 결과 에틸아세테이트 분획물에서 주된 활성이 나타났으며 페놀성화합물의 경우 100 g당 13.53 g으로 매우 높은 함량을 지니고 있었다. 쥐눈이콩의 생리활성 탐색결과 종피 부위에 다량의 페놀성 화합물을 함유하고 있으며 항산화 활성이 가장 높은 부위임을 규명하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.331-339
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• 2021

With the aim of developing region specialized crops, this study was conducted to clarify effects of variant and cultivation region on antioxidative activities in various black soybean (Glycine max L.) seed tissues. Three black soybean varieties (SCEL-1, Wonheug, and Cheongja 3) were each cultivated in 4 different regions (Jeonju, Pyeongchang, Paju, and Cheonan). Harvested seeds were used to assess DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, and total polyphenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin content. SCEL-1 soybean hull contained higher DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity (61% and 85% respectively) compared to Wonheug (40% and 50% respectively). SCEL-1 cultivated in Pyeongchang displayed the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid content (1,189 mg GAE/100g sample and 951 mg CTE/ 100g sample, respectively). Total anthocyanin content was ranked in the following order: SCEL-1>Wonheug>Cheongja 3. All black soybeans showed much higher antioxidant activity in the soybean hull than in the dehulled soybean. The antioxidant activity of black soybeans cultivated at high latitudes was high. These results suggest that the best black soybean variant for high beneficial biological activities is the SCEL-1 variant. For a complete understanding of the potential of black soybean as functional foods, we plan to further analyze their antioxidant activities in future studies.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.769-776
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the digestibility of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) in oilseed meals and distillers dried grains (DDG) fed to growing-finishing pigs. As experimental animals, eleven barrows (initial body weight, $71.7{\pm}17.0kg$) were housed in individual metabolism cages. The experimental design consisted of an $11{\times}8$ incomplete Latin square with 11 dietary treatments and 8 replication periods. The diets were individually formulated with dehulled soybean meal produced in Korea (SBM-KD), soybean meal produced in India (SBM-I), soybean meal produced in Korea (SBM-K), corn high-protein distiller dried grains (HPDDG), tapioca distillers dried grains (TDDG), canola meal (CAM), corn germ meal (CGM), copra meal (COM), palm kernel meal (PKM), sesame meal (SM), and perilla meal (PM). Pigs with SBM-KD and SBM-K showed greater (p < 0.05) intake of N than SBM-I, HPDDG, and PKM. Total feces output was decreased (p < 0.05) in SBMs (SBM-KD, -I, and -K), HPDDG, and CGM compared with TDDG, SM, and PM. The DM in excreted feces was decreased (p < 0.05) in SBMs and CGM compared to TDDG, SM, and PM. Similarly, the SM and PM fed to pigs resulted in greater (p < 0.05) fecal excretion of N than the others. Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM in SBMs and CGM was greater (p < 0.05) than TDDG, SM, and PM. The SBMs fed to pigs showed higher (p < 0.05) ATTD of N than TDDG, COM, SM, and PM. In conclusion, our results provided nutritional information about various ingredients and would be useful to contain more precise amounts of nutrients included in feed ingredients of pig diet.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine the proper inclusion levels of squid liver powder (SLP) and dehulled soybean meal (DHSM) as a fish meal (FM) replacement in the diets for olive flounders. All the experimental diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (50% crude protein, CP) and isocaloric (17.1 kJ energy $g^{-1}$ diet). Four diet were formulation of FM with SLP (DHSM) were tested at 0, 25, 50, 75% (SLP(DHSM)$_0$, SLP(DHSM)$_{25}$, SLP(DHSM)$_{50}$ and SLP(DHSM)$_{75}$, respectively). Triplicate groups of 12 fish with an average body weight of 5.56$\pm$0.1 g (mean$\pm$S.D.) were fed one of three experimental diets for 7 weeks. Weight gain (WG) and the specific growth rate(SGR) of fish fed SLP(DHSM)$_0$ and SLP(DHSM)$_{25}$ diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed SLP(DHSM)$_{50}$ and SLP(DHSM)$_{75}$ diets (P<0.05). Also, WG and SGR of fish fed SLP(DHSM)$_{50}$ had significantly higher WG and SGR than that of fish fed SLP(DHSM)$_{75}$ (P<0.05). The feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed SLP(DHSM)$_0$ and SLP(DHSM)$_{25}$ were significantly higher than those fed SLP(DHSM)$_{50}$ and SLP(DHSM)$_{75}$ (P<0.05). The whole-body crude lipid content of fish SLP(DHSM)$_{75}$ was significantly higher than that of fish fed SLP(DHSM)$_{50}$ (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in whole-body moisture, crude protein and crude ash of fish fed all diets. Based on these growth performance results, the SLP(DHSM) combination replace up to 25% FM protein by the ANOVA test in juvenile olive flounder diets.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.757-761
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• 2014

검은 콩 흑태, 서리태 및 노란 콩 백태를 대상으로 백립중, 색도 등 물리적 특성과 종피 제거 전과 후의 각 부분에 대한 항산화 성분 및 항산화 활성에 대해 비교 분석하였다. 백립중은 서리태가 39.1 g으로 가장 높게 나타났고 전체 종실에 대한 자엽의 무게 비는 백태가 94.4%로 가장 높았다. 콩 표면의 종피 색은 백태에서 그리고 자엽 표면에 대한 색은 흑태와 백태에서 L, a, b 값 모두 유의적으로 가장 높게 나타났으며 특히 서리태 자엽의 a 값은 -5.66으로 자엽 표면의 색이 녹색에 가까운 것을 알 수 있었다. 총 페놀 화합물은 서리태 종피에서 25.2 mg/g으로 가장 높게 나타났으며 총 안토시아닌 함량 또한 서리태 종피에서 6.4 mg/g으로 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 항산화 활성은 측정 방법에 상관없이 서리태의 종피에서 가장 높게 나타났으며 반면, 콩 부분별로는 자엽에서 그리고 콩 종류별로는 백태에서 전반적으로 낮게 나타났다. 항산화 성분과 항산화 활성과의 상관 관계 분석결과에서는 모든 항목에서 상관계수 값은 0.9 이상으로 높은 양의 상관 관계(p<0.01)가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 특히, 총 안토시아닌 함량과 DPPH 활성과의 상관성이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다(r=0.997). 따라서 검은 콩 및 노란 콩 각 부분에 대한 항산화 성분과 활성에 대한 이상의 연구 결과는 건강 증진을 위한 콩 제품 개발시 콩의 효율적인 사용을 위해 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1342-1349
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• 2021

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of β-mannanase on growth performance, carcass characteristics, excreta microflora, blood constituents, and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 680 one-d-old Ross 308 (as hatched) broiler chickens were used in a 35-d growth assay. Chicks were sorted into pens with 17 birds/pen and 10 pens/treatment. Treatment diets were contained either 44% or 48% crude protein (CP) soybean meal (SBM) with or without β-mannanase. Results: Using SBM containing 48% CP led to an improvement (p<0.05) in feed conversion ratio (FCR) from d 1 to 14. Addition of β-mannanase to the diets significantly improved body weight gain (BWG) and FCR from d 1 to 14. During overall experimental period, BWG was affected (p<0.05) by CP level of SBM and inclusion of β-mannanase, but FCR and feed intake were not affected. Carcass characteristics were not influenced by treatment diets. The results showed that digestibility of dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), and energy was not affected by CP level of SBM and/or inclusion of β-mannanase. Among essential amino acids (EAA) apparent digestibility of valine, methionine, and leucine improved (p<0.05) by the addition of β-mannanase to the diets. The results demonstrated that ileal digestibility of DM, N, and energy was not affected by treatment diets. Among EAA, the ileal digestibility of valine and arginine was higher (p<0.05) in the diets containing 48% CP SBM and/or β-mannanase. Excreta Lactobacillus count increased (p<0.05) by the addition of β-mannanase to the diets. Blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and total protein level were not affected by treatments. Conclusion: Feeding chickens with diets containing 44% CP SBM resulted in detrimental effects on growth performance and digestibility of nutrients, but addition of β-mannanase to the 44% CP diet improved the growth performance of chickens without any effects on carcass characteristics.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.1187-1190
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• 1999

Lotus seed(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner), known as traditional medicine as an antifebrile, antipsychotic, and cantihypertensive agent, was analyzed the chemical composition of lipid and protein. The seed com posed of 12.2% moisture, 2.3% crude lipid, 19.5% crude protein, 61.3% carbohydrate, 2.1% crude fibre, and 4.1% ash. The lipid showed iodine value of 97.9 that is lower than that of soybean oil and sesame oil, and similar to peanut oil and cotton seed oil. The fatty acid composition of the oil were the highest in content of linoleic acid which occupied 58.3% and saturated vs unsaturated fatty acid was 20.9:79.1. Especially behenic acid content, 6.9%, was higher than other plant oils. Sixteen amino acids were detected in the protein from the seed and glutamic acid content was the highest as 4.5% in dehulled kernel. The portion of essential amino acid was 31.1%.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1420-1426
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• 2006

여러 유도체 형태로 존재하는 대두 isoflavone을 산 가수 분해 방법 및 시간을 달리하면서 isoflavone 배당체의 aglycone으로의 전환율 및 aglycone의 분해여부를 실험하였다. 산 가수분해시 가열처리 조건을 $105^{\circ}C$ 항온기, $95^{\circ}C$ 수욕조, $120^{\circ}C$ heating block 및 hot plate로 달리한 결과 환류냉각장치를 이용하고 heating block에서 가수분해시키는 방법이 가장 적절한 가수분해 방법인 것으로 나타났다. 가수분해 시간 동안 aglycone의 안정성을 검토한 결과 적정 가수분해 시간인 60분 동안에는 genistein, daidzein 및 glycitein 모두 큰 함량변화가 없었다. 가수분해하는 시료의 양과 산의 비율은 시료 $10\sim30mg$당 1 N HCl 용액 1 mL의 비율이 적정하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 정량법은 0.5 g의 대두 시료에 1 N HCl용액 15 mL를 첨가하고 $120^{\circ}C$의 heating block에서 60분간 가수분해시킨 후 methanol로 50 mL로 정용하고 HPLC로 분석하도록 확립하였다. 이에 따라 대두 가공부산물의 iosflavone을 분석한 결과 착유 및 착유 후 hexane 제거를 위한 열처리 공정에서 isoflavone의 손실은 적은 것으로 나타났다.