• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.161-167
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• 1993

Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) was used to separate various types of recombinant hirudins from the culture broth. The wild type hirudin exhibited a retention in Cu(II)-chelated affinity chromatgoraphy since it contained a single exposed histidine at position 51. To obtain a stronger retention on an IDA-Cu(II) column, the hirudin variants were genetically engineered to contain one or two histidine (s) more than the wild type. While the affinity of the variants for IDA-Cu(II) ligand increased in comparison to that of the wild type, the antithrombin activities reduced to a certain degree. Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) ions were applied separately to the metal chelate column to investigate ligand specificity with respect to protein retention. As a result, the Cu(II) chelated chromatography gave the best resolution for all the hirudins tested and appeared to be the only IMAC that could be used generally for the purification of hirudins with a decreasing pH gradient.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.142-148
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• 1999

Tencel fabrics were treated with cellulase after mechanical prefibrillation treatment. SEM analysis was carried out to study morphological change of the treated fabric. The cellulase-treated Tencel fabrics were evaluated for weight loss and tensile strength. X-ray diffraction method, moisture regain, and K/S value were used to elucidate crystalline structural changes occurred by cellulase treatment. Degree of polymerization and copper number of the cellulase-treated fabrics were also measured to estimate effect of hydrolysis. SEM analysis indicated that with treatment of prefibrillation and cellulase, fibrils were produced and damage occurred deep into the fiber. Increases in concentration and time of cellulase treatment increased weight loss and decreased tensile strength retention of the treated fabrics. As cellulase hydrolysis progressed, degree of crystallinity, moisture regain and K/S value were not much changed. (Korean J Human Ecology 2(1) : 142∼148, 1999)

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.304-311
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• 2012

Eruption of the teeth can be disturbed by crowding, ectopic eruption path, retention for pathologic condition of follicle and periodontal ligament, local disturbances in the innervation, and delayed eruption for overlying obstacles in the eruption path. Eruption disturbance of permanent posterior teeth is taken with diverse therapeutic approaches according to the patient age, cooperation of patient, tooth position and maturity, degree of impaction, clinical features, and repercussion on the neighboring teeth. However, delayed treatment usually results in less favorable outcomes. Therefore, In order to prevent this situation, periodically radiographic examinations during the early mixed dentition period and early diagnosis of eruption disturbances of permanent posterior teeth are recommended.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.541-551
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• 2021

One of the most important aspects of any firm is to motivate its employees to go the extra mile. In order to do work properly, people must be motivated. The total effectiveness and efficiency of workers, as well as a company's performance, is directly related to the degree of motivation of those who work there. On the other hand, demotivated personnel do not put much effort and, when they get a better opportunity, leave their places of employment. For Survey, this study used online Google forms to collect data from September 2021 to October 2021. The target demographic for the research was those who worked for Lebanon's private businesses. The poll was conducted in English, the second language of Lebanon. Furthermore, 179 workers (N = 179) were utilized for this research. The research suggests that fun events and support for fun managers enable workers to connect informally and help people know each other better, creating an environment that promotes friendship building. Based on these connected reasons, fun activities and the support of managers for fun are considerably linked to turnover.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.367-372
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• 2001

Five kinds of commercial ramie and hemp fabrics were treated with cellulase under different concentrations. Samples were mercerized before enzyme treatment to investigate the effect of mercerization on cellulase enzyme treatment. Physical characteristics(weight loss, tear strength retention, wrinkle recovery, drape stiffness, dyeability) of cellulase enzyme treated and untreated samples were measured and compared. X-ray diffractions were examined to verify if there were any changes in their crystallinity of enzyme treated fabrics. Weight loss, wrinkle recovery and degree of crystallinity increased as the concentration of cellulase enzyme increased. In the meanwhile, tear strength retention and drape stiffness and dyeability decreased. Enzyme activity was more effective on mercerized samples. Particularly, there was distinct tendency to increase weight loss and flexibility.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2001

An anaerobic sludge-aerobic fixed-bed biofilm(packed with ceramic support carrier of 1 inch size) reactor system was built up to treat textile wastewater. The efficiency of reactor system was examined by determining the effects of textile wastewater ratio(from 25% to 100% at HRT 24 h). The influent range of SCOD concentration and color were 1,036~1,357 mg/L, and 1,487~1,853 degree, respectively. When textile wastewater ratio was 100% and hydraulic retention time was 24 hours, SCOD removal efficiency by the anaerobic stage were 39.2% 100% and hydraulic retention time was 24 hours, SCOD removal efficiency by the anaerobic stage were 39.2% and the removal efficiency of the whole system were 75.8%. Color removal efficiency by the anaerobic stage were 45.4%(soluble color), and the removal efficiency of the whole system were 70.2%. In the A/A reactor system, the aerobic stage played an important role in removing both color and COD as well as anaerobic stage.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.206-213
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• 2023

This study attempted to investigate what color would fade more during hair bleaching and examine what should be done to make hair color last longer. For this, hair was colored differently in ash gray with permanent hair dyes and semi-permanent hair dyes each. Hair in multiple levels was created through such bleaching. Color retention was improved in consideration of the degree of color fading in sample hair. In terms of post-bleaching hair coloring, it was more efficient to color hair by eliminating redness without hair damage after shampooing with a permanent hair dye. Therefore, it is anticipated that the study results would be highly useful for beauty salons to find a base level in consideration of bleaching effects and make improve- ments according to hair retention and moisturizing effects.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.35-47
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• 2022

본 연구는 일 감염병 전담병원 간호사의 COVID-19와 관련된 직무스트레스, 감정노동, 임파워먼트 및 재직의도 정도를 파악하고 COVID-19와 관련된 직무스트레스, 감정노동, 임파워먼트가 재직의도에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 한다. 본 연구의 자료수집은 S시 소재 감염병 전담병원 간호사 162명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 통해 2021년 8월 27일부터 2021년 9월 17일까지 실시하였고, SPSS/WIN 25.0을 이용하여 빈도와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, 독립표본 t-검정, 분산분석, 피어슨상관계수, 다중선형회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 일반적 특성에 따른 차이 분석 결과 재직의도는 근무부서 및 근무만족도에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타났고, 재직의도와 COVID-19와 관련된 직무스트레스, 감정노동, 임파워먼트간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 재직의도는COVID-19와 관련된 직무스트레스와 유의한 부적 상관관계(r=-0.215, p=0.006)를 나타냈고 임파워먼트와 유의한 정적 상관관계(r=0.343, p<0.001)를 보였다. 다중선형회귀분석 결과 재직의도에 영향을 미치는 유의한 변수로 근무만족도, COVID-19와 관련된 직무스트레스, 임파워먼트가 확인되었으며(F=23.751, p<0.001) 설명력은 30.0%이었다. 이상의 결과를 통해 효율적인 간호인력 관리를 위한 전략개발의 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.143-153
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• 2005

What we want to report is the oriental medical treatment of eleven patients with lumbago. The patients had several features in common. First, the source of the lumbago was related to overdrinking or overeating, which is something like food damage(食傷) in oriental medicine. Second, they had symptoms of digestive trouble as well as lower back pain. Third, the R.O.M of lumbar spine was limited but there was no another special abnormality in physical examination. Fourth, singly they had muscular tenderness of Iliopsoas muscle and symptoms by Myofascial pain of Iliopsoas muscle was appeared. We assumed this sort of lumbago to be one due to retention of undigested food(食積) or damp-heat(濕熱) in oriental medicine, similar to Myofascial pain syndrome of Iliopsoas muscle in western counterpart. Acupuncture treatment was done to improve the digestive trobles according to oriental medical theory, and we saw the improvement in VAS score of lower back pain, degree of lumbar flexion, Iliopsoas muscle's tenderness and also digestive trobles. But an objective researches on the relation of lumbago due to retention of undigested food(食積) or damp-heat(濕熱) and myofascial pain syndrome of Iliopsoas muscle are quite lacking. However we think such a clinical approach could be useful in practices of oriental medicine increase in curative effect.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.141-154
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• 2023

This study investigated the effect of water retention characteristics between aged and fresh Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) on the stability of the landfill. A series of transient numerical modeling for the slope of an MSW landfill was performed considering the variation of water retention characteristics due to leachate circulation. Four different scenarios were considered in this analysis depending on how to obtain hydraulic conductivity and the aging degree of materials. Unsaturated hydraulic properties of the MSW used for the modeling were evaluated through modified hanging column tests. Different water retention properties and various landfill conditions, such as subgrade stiffness, leachate injection frequency, and gas and leachate collection system, were considered to investigate the pore water distribution and slope stability. The stability analyses related to the factor of safety showed that unsaturated properties under those varied conditions significantly impacted the slope stability, where the factor of safety decreased, ranging between 9.4 and 22%. The aged materials resulted in a higher factor of safety than fresh materials; however, after 1000 days, the factor of safety decreased by around 10.6% due to pore pressure buildup. The analysis results indicated that using fresh materials yielded higher factor of safety values. The landfill subgrade was found to have a significant impact on the factor of safety, which resulted in an average of 34% lower factor of safety in soft subgrades. The results also revealed that a failed leachate collection system (e.g., clogging) could result in landfill failure (factor of safety < 1) after around 298 days, while the leachate recirculation frequency has no critical impact on stability. In addition, the accumulation of gas pressure within the waste body resulted in factor of safety reductions as high as 24%. It is essential to consider factors related to the unsaturated hydraulic properties in designing a landfill to prevent landfill instability.