• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.491-495
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• 2000

This research is due to know the transformation after Physical Therapist(PT) was educated the Comunity Based Rehabilitation(CBR) at the strong point by Public Health Center(PHC) of the CBR. It was the education of physical therapist of strong point by PHC of the CBR from April 17 to April 29 of 2000 in National Rehabilitation Center. The following is the result of Questionnaire educated 39 peoples. First. male and female are same rate. average age, 33 years old, In the position, regular position $86.3\%$. irregular position $13.2\%$. Second, the $76.3\%$was only working PHC one PT, thc main patients were $73.7\%$ of chronic degeneration and over 65 years old who are treated. they are treating $60.5\%$ under 20person in each day. Third. We asked three Questionnaire. these are, first need CBR education. second, participating of the PT of the CBR projects, third. suggesting the CBR the another in the PHC. The most of $97.4\%$ was answered the Positive. $89.5\%$ agreed that they can offer physical therapy to handicapped man without responsibility. And all of these answered $100\%$ that they want to ewer the physical therapy when they meet the Handicapped. Are you can aviable to assess the part of handicapped they answered $77.1\%$, to therapeutic exercise $52.6\%$, to transfer and family education $47.4\%$, to gait training and family education $15.3\%$. In the welfare policy. introduce job and rehabilitation information side, having answer $44.7\%$. It was negative. In the filed of social welfare also is it possible for them to educate for the another medical staffs and volunteers is PHC. It was $52.6\%$. In Conclusion, needs and participant's rate was high all the people but it was the less in professional physical therapy.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.475-489
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• 2000

This research is due to know the transformation after Physical Therapist(PT) was educated the Comunity Based Rehabilitation(CBR) at the strong point by Public Health tenter(PHC) of the CBR. It was the education of physical therapist of strong point by PHC of the CBR from April 17 to April 29 of 2000 in National Rehabilitation Center. The fellowing is the result of Questionnaire educated 39 peoples. First, male and female are same rate, average age, 33 years old, In the position, regular position $86.3\%$. irregular position $13.2\%$. Second. the $76.3\%$ was only working PHC one PT. the main patients were $73.7\%$ of chronic degeneration and over 65 years old who are treated, they are treating $60.5\%$ under 20 person in each day. Third. We asked thru Questionnaire, these are first, need CBR education. second. participating of the PT of the CBR projects. third. suggesting the CBR the another in the PHC. The most of $97.4\%$ was answered the positive. $89.5\%$ agreed that they can offer physical therapy to Handicapped man without responsibility. And all of these answered $100\%$ that they want to offer the physical therapy when they meet the handicapped. Are you can aviable to assess the part of handicapped they answered $71.1\%$, to therapeutic exorcise $52.6\%$, to transfer and family education $47.4\%$, to gait training and family education $55.3\%$. In the welfare policy, introduce job and rehabilitation information side. having answer$44.7\%$. It was negative. In the filed of social welfare also is it possible for them to educate far the another medical staffs and volunteers is PHC. It was $52.6\%$. In Conclusion, needs and participant's rate was high all the people but it was the less in professional physical therapy.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.99-118
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• 1989

The cardiotoxic effects of acute and chronic administration of adriamycin (ADR) were evaluated in A/J Swiss albino mice. In acute studies, male mice received intravenous ADR, 5mg or 15mg/kg per day for 3 or 1day and were sacrifice 12 hours later. Because the glutathione-glutathione peroxidase system is major pathway for free radical detoxication, glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase activity was measured. In acute studies, ADR-treated mice exhibited significantly decreased levels(p<0.05) of total glutathione and unchanged levels of oxidized glutathione and percentage of oxidized glutathione. The earliest myocardial fine structural alterations included swelling and degeneration of mitochondria and dilatation of sarcoplasmic reticulum at all dosage of acute models. In chronic studies, mice received 5mg/kg ADR once a week for up to 16 weeks. Levels of total and reduced glutathione were decreased significantly(p<0.01) and oxidized glutathione and percentage of oxidized glutathione were increased significantly (p<0.05). Chronic myocardial lesions included perinuclear vacuolization, seperation of myofibrils and the fasciae adherens of intercalated disc and hypercontraction band within myocyte. Glutathione peroxidase activity reduced significantly (p<0.01) in any group of acute and chronic ADR-treated animals. Test for lipid peroxidation(malondialdehyde) was increased significantly(P<0.01). Thus, we conclude 1) ADR significantly lowers glutathione levels in heart tissue, and 2) cellular damage progress produced by alteration of this system in mouse models of ADR cardiotoxicity. These results suggest that the glutathione-glutathione peroxidase system may be involved in the modulation of ADR-induced cardiotoxicity.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 1990

The effects of both hyperthermia alone and X-ray irradiation combined with hyperthermia on rat testis have been investigated. The histological changes were observed on 15 and 30 days after treatment. There was no histological change of rat testis by hyperthermia alone. The earliest change by X-ray irradiation was the degeneration of the spermatogonia of the seminiferous tubule, which was appeared in 2 Gy group. Necrosis of the spermatogonia was severe in 6 Gy group and complete atrophy was developed in 8 Gy group. With increased dose of radiation, the degree of changes of tubules was increased. In combined group of X-ray irradiation and hyperthermia, the histological change of the seminiferous tubule was more severe than X-ray alone group. Necrosis and atrophy of the spermatogonia were appeared in 2 Gy and complete atrophy of spermatogonia was seen in 6 Gy group. Thermal enhancement ratio (calculated at the complete atrophy of the spermatogonia) was 1.3 in this experiment. There was no difference in observation time inverval between 15 and 30 days after each treatment in all groups.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.403-411
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• 2003

For evaluating the effect of Siegesbeckiae Herba (here after abbreviated as SBH) on rheumatoid arthritis, the experiment was carried out; Incidence of rheumatoid arthritis, IRA(indices of rheumatoid arthritis), immunophenotypes by flow cytometer and histopathological changes in MRL/MpJ-Ipr-Ipr Mice in vivo were studied. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Incidence of RA in MRL/Ipr mice was suppressed to 60% of control by SBH. 2. IRA was significantly reduced for IgG3 and IgM at 20 weeks of age and for IgG2b at 12 and 20 weeks of age in mice by SBH compared with control. 3. Immunophenotypes such as CD4/sup +//CD25/sup +/, CD8/sup +//CD3e/sup +/, CD69/sup +//B220/sup +/, NK/sup +//CD3e/sup +/ were significantly increased by SBH compared with control. 4. In histopathological analysis, SBH suppressed the progression of PMN(polymorphonuciear leukocyte), leukocyte and fibroblast infiltration, and subsynovial soft tissue edema frequently showing in the early stage of the arthritis, and also effectively reduced the degeneration of cartilages and degenerative bone symptoms. These results suggest Siegesbeckiae Herba can be effectively applied to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and it is still necessary to isolate effective compound from Siegesbeckiae Herba in the near future.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1215-1222
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• 2008

Recent studies indicate that the deposition of ${\beta}$-amyloid ($A{\beta}$) is associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanism is not clear yet. To investigate the effects of Jangwonhwangagambang (JWHG) extract on AD pathogenicity, we have generated transgenic Drosophila model in which GMR-APP-GAL4/UAS-GRIM system was designed to overexpress amyloid precursor protein(APP), We examined fly's survival ratio, flight behavior, and morphological patterns of chest and eye. We found that JWHG treatment improved fly's survival ratio by inhibiting apoptosis and flight behavior. APP-GRIM transgenic flies treated with JWHG showed had significantly lower levels of APP deposition in the chest and eye compared to control animals. JWHG treatment further inhibited chest and eye degeneration. These results suggest that JWHG prevents APP-induced neurotoxicity, and thus may be applicable for the development of preventive or therapeutic agents for AD treatment.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.339-348
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• 2006

Misaengtang (MST), a formula of Korean herbal medicines, has been used as a weight-controlling recipe. We have investigated two experiment of body weight regulation by MST In rats. i) The anti-obesity effect of MTS on a high fat diet-induced obesity, male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a high-fat diet containing 30% in the absence or presence of MST (0.3, 1 or 3%) or a reference orlistat (0.05%) for 6 weeks. ii) weight-decrease effect of MST on normal diet, same animal were fed with a normal diet in the absence or presence of MST (3%) for 6 weeks. And the body weights, daily feed and water consumptions, organ weights, fat weights serum biochemistry were measured. In both experiments, MST and orlistat did not affect the body weight gain. But orlistat significantly increased the feed and water consumptions, leading to low-feed efficiency, and orlistat markedly reduced abdominal, paratesticular and perirenal fat weights, although increased the kidney weights. In MST, low dose (0.3%) of MST decreased the perirenal fat and increased the kidney weights in rats fed HFD, and MST 3% decreased the abdominal fat weights in rats fed normal diet. In addition, Orlistat caused changes in parameters of hepatotoxicity (AST and glucose), nephrotoxicity (BUN and B/C ratio) and lipid metabolism (HDL and triglycerides). In comparison, MST decreased AST, ALP and ALT, the hepatotoxicity markers, and somewhat improved the hepatic fatty degeneration. Taken together, it is suggested that MST does not exert anti-obesity activity as well as remarkably direct effects, but MST may be potentially benefit for dietary cure and exercise-cure of obesity.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.36 no.1 s.140
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• pp.44-49
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• 2005

The protective effects of the DWP-04 [DDB : selenium yeast: glutathione {31.1 : 6.8 : 62.1 (%, w/w)} against hepatotoxicity by carbon tetrachloride $(CCl_4)$ were studied in rats. The rats were intraperitoneally injected with $CCl_4$ (50% in com oil) at initial dose of 1 ml/kg followed by 0.5 ml/kg 3 times during 1 week. The DWP-04 (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg) or its vehicle was administered everyday before the start of $CCl_4$ injection for two weeks. $CCl_4$ induced hepatocelluar degeneration and necrosis, which led to a great increase in serum aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase activity and serum lipid levels. It was found by biochemical analysis that $CCl_4$ treatment remarkably increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and physphatidylcholine hydroperoxide in hepatic tissues and induced antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Liver and serum lipids were significantly lower in rats fed on DWP-04 than in rats induced by $CCl_4$ only-treatment. These results suggested that the DWP-04 could be a promising candidate for the protection of liver injury based on the preventive effects against lipid peroxidation and serum biochemical parameters.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2003

The hepatoprotective effect of the ethanolic extract of Coccinia indica fruits in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride. In hepatotoxic rats, liver damage was studied by assessing parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (AlT), alkaline phosphatase (AIP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in serum, and concentrations of total proteins, total lipids, phospholipids, triglycerides and cholesterol in both serum and liver. The effect of co-administration of ethanolic extract on the above parameters was further investigated. Histopathological study of the liver in experimental animals was also undertaken. Hepatic damage as evidenced by a rise in the levels of AST, AIT, AIP and GGT in serum, and also changes observed in other biochemical parameters In serum and liver showed a tendency to attain near normalcy in animals co-administered with the extract. The normal values for AST (IU/L), AIP (IU/I), protein (g/100 ml) and total lipids (mg/100 ml) in serum (i.e.,20.24, 70.04, 5.72 and 135.54 respectively) were found to alter towards values 32.61, 127.11, 3.83 and 265.91 in hepatotoxic rats. These parameters Attained near normal values (I.e.,22.82, 79.30, 5.22 and 151.24 for AST, AIP protein and total lipids respectively) in ethanolic extract co-administered rats. Profound steatosis, ballooning degeneration and nodule formation observed in the hepatic architecture of $CCl_4$ treated rats were found to acquire near-normalcy in drug co-administered rats, thus corroborating the biochemical observations. Thus the study substantiates the hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic extract of Coccinia indica fruits.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.120-123
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• 2006

Spontaneous extensor pollicis longus tendon rupture is commonly caused by attrition of the tendon from trauma or inflammatory processes. We experienced a patient with extensor pollicis longus tendon rupture after steroid injection, in which the rupture may have been caused by the effects of steroid itself as well as direct damage from the needle. A 51-year-old woman complained of inability to extend her right thumb at the first metacarpophalangal & interphalangeal joint level. The patient had a history of local steroid injection into the dorsal & radial side of wrist on two occations, and had no history of trauma or rheumatologic disease. After a physical examination of the patient, we decided to explore the wrist. The patient agreed with operation. Intraoperatively, an incision was made into the wrist and the proximal and distal ends of the ruptured extensor pollicis longus tendon were identified. The defect between the proximal and the distal end was measured to approach 8cm, and a palmaris longus tendon graft was performed. After three months of rehabilitation, the first metacarpophalangal & interphalangeal joint recovered the normal range of motion. Steroid injection has been widely used in various musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. However, inadvertent steroid injection into the extra or intra articular spaces may lead to tendon rupture. Steroids reduce tensile strength by decreasing tenocyte activity and collagen synthesis. Also, the physical effect of direct needle-stick injury into the mesotenon and blood vessels around the tendon may cause damage. In addition, hematoma and edema may increase pressure around the tendon and compromise blood supply, leading to tendon degeneration and subsequent rupture. When injecting steroid into an articular area, all physicians should have a complete understanding of the surrounding anatomy and always keep in mind the hazards of such procedures.