• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Objectives Diagnosis System of Oriental Medicine (DSOM) was made as a computerized assistant program for oriental medicine doctors to be able to diagnose with statistical basis. Then DSOM uses questionnaires filled out by respondents with explanatory guide. But if the respondents misunderstand the meaning of the passages, the results were quite the opposite. Methods This study was designed to investigate the diagnostic correspondent rates between DSOM and TKM practitioners. First, let the respondents answer to DSOM. After that, three doctors diagnosed the respondents and marked 'p' when they diagnose that the respondent had the pathogenic factors, marked 'n' when they diagnose that the respondent had the pathogenic factors but not severs, and did not marked when they diagnose that the respondent didn't have the pathogenic factors. Finally, this study was investigated the correspondent rates of diagnosis between DSOM and doctors. Results In the pathogenic factor of three including insufficiency of Yin (陰虛), the correspondent rates were 90%. In the pathogenic factor of nine including deficiency of qi (氣虛), the correspondent rates were 80%. In the pathogenic factor of four including blood stasis (血瘀), the correspondent rates were 70%. In HH and HL, they showed the correspondent rates of 61.77%. The correspondent rate of heat (熱) was highest (96.88%). The correspondent rate of insufficiency of Yang (陽虛) was lowest (0%). In LH and LL, they showed the correspondent rates of 88.31%. The correspondent rate of blood stasis (血瘀) was lowest (71.76%). They all showed the correspondent rates of over 70%. Conclusions In DSOM and Doctors' diagnose, they showed the correspondent rates of 83.60%.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.494-500
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• 2008

Ginseng has been traditionally used to recover vital energy from Qi deficiency in oriental countries. Recent reports suggested that ginseng could regulate blood pressure (BP), but much controversy still remain. Therefore, we intended to assess the anti-hypertensive effect of some ginseng species on Koreans and Chinese. This is a randomized, double blinded controlled clinical trial. The study subjects were recruited from the mild hypertensive patients who belonged prehypertension(120/80 to 139/89 mmHg) and stage I hypertension (140/90 to 159/99 mmHg) in Korea and China. After assigning the subjects into a Korean, a Chinese, and an American ginseng group by randomization, we prescribed ginseng with the dose of 4.5 g per a day for 4 w. To assess the anti-hypertensive effect, we compared the mean of systolic and diastolic BP between before and after ginseng medication by 24 h Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor (24 h ABPM). We also monitored adverse effect and laboratory findings to secure the subjects' safety. There were 64 subjects treated with Korean ginseng, 58 treated with Chinese ginseng, and 64 treated with American ginseng. All of the ginseng species reduced subjects' BP. Especially, Korean and Chinese ginseng showed more excellent effects. The secondary analysis on the subjects' nationality revealed that all of the ginseng species showed more significant anti-hypertensive effect in Chinese than in Koreans. We suggest ginseng could be useful for mild hypertension regardless of its species. And it would be safe within the dosage of 4.5 g per a day.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate about comparison of Eastern-Western medicine on the acne. Methods : We searched Eastern and Western medicine books for acne. We analyzed these books and examined category, definition, etiology, classification, internal and external methods of treatment of acne. Results : The results were as follows. 1. In Eastern medicine, Acne belongs to the category of the Bunja(粉刺), Jwachang(痤瘡), Pyepungbunja(肺風粉刺). In Western medicine, the other name of Acne is acne vulgaris. 2. In Eastern medicine, the definition of Acne includes manual extraction of comedones and skin appearance. In Western medicine, Acne is a common skin disease during adolescence and a chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous unit of self localization. It is characterized by noninflammatory, open or closed comedones and by inflammatory papules, pustules, and nodules and it affects the areas of skin with the densest population of sebaceous follicles, these areas include the face, neck, back, and the upper part of the chest. 3. In Eastern medicine, the cause and mechanism of Acne arose from the state of internal dampness-heat and spleen-stomach internal qi deficiency due to dietary irregularities and then invaded external pathogen such as wind-dampness-heat-cold-fire in lung meridian lead to qi and blood heat depression stagnation. So it appears in skin. In Western medicine, the etiology and pathogenesis of Acne is clearly not identified, but there are most significant pathogenic factors of blood heat depression stagnation. So it appears in skin. In Western medicine, the etiology and pathogenesis of Acne is clearly not identified, but there are most significant pathogenic factors of Acne; Androgen-stimulated production of sebum, hyperkeratinization and obstruction of sebaceous follicles, proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes and inflammation, abnormaility of skin barrier function, genetic aspects, environmental factors etc. 4. In Eastern medicine, differentiation of syndromes classifies clinical aspects, and cause and mechanism of disease; the former is papular, pustular, cystic, nodular, atrophic, comprehensive type; the latter is lung blood heat, intestine-stomach dampness-heat, phlegm-stasis depression, thoroughfare-conception disharmony, heat toxin type. In Western medicine, it divides into an etiology and invasion period, and clinical aspects; Acne neonatorum, Acne infantum, Acne in puberty and adulthood, Acne venenata; Acne vulgaris, Acne conglobata, Acne fulminans, Acne keloidalis. 5. In Eastern medicine, Internal methods of treatment of Acne are divided into five treatments; general treatments, the treatments of single-medicine and experiential description, the treatments depending on the cause and mechanism of disease, and clinical differentiation of syndromes, dietary treatments. In Western medicine, it is a basic principles that regulation on production of sebum, correction on hyperkeratinization of sebaceous follicles, decrease of Propionibacterium acnes colony and control of inflammation reaction. Internal methods of treatment of Acne are antibiotics, retinoids, hormone preparations etc. 6. In Eastern medicine, external methods of treatment of Acne are wet compress method, paste preparation method, powder preparation method, pill preparation method, acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, ear acupuncture therapy, prevention and notice, and so on. In Western medicine, external method of treatments of Acne are divided into topical therapy and other surgical therapies. Topical therapy is used such as antibiotics, sebum regulators, topical vitamin A medicines etc and other surgical therapies are used such as surgical treatments, intralesional injection of corticosteroids, skin dermabrasion, phototherapy, photodynamic therapy, and so on. Conclusions : Until now, there is no perfect, effective single treatment. We think that Eastern medicine approach and treatment can be helpful to overcome the limitations of acne cure.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.381-401
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• 1996

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of syptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : -differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to reletive excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) -differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation(臟腑辨證) -analysing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following odor : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis parrern(證候槪念), index of differentiation of syptoms and sings(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis(診斷要點), analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a wayof curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方) , herbs in common use(常用藥物), dieases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.237-252
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was done to investigate clinical frequency and correlation among the indicators of dampness-phlegm pattern identification settled by tentative Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke. Methods : The subjects were 147 hospitalized patients with stroke, and a list of registry was made for each of them. Among the five types of pattern identification, fire-heat, dampness-phlegm, blood-stasis and deficiency of Qi and of Yin, those that have shown a high frequency in dampness-phlegm type were categorized as the dampness-phlegm pattern group. Frequency of dampness-phlegm indicators was compared with those from the non-dampness-phlegm pattern group. Correlations among dampness-phlegm indicators were also studied. Results : 1. Dampness-phlegm pattern group included 26 patients out of 147. 2. Among the indicators of dampness-phlegm pattern. those, in order of highest frequency, were 'tiredness or sluggishness', 'white Coated tongue' and 'sputum'. 3. In comparing dampness-phlegm pattern group with non-dampness-phlegml group, the indicators such as 'lightheadedness', 'nigrescence', 'sputum', 'dermatic dysaesthesia' showed significantly high frequency. 4. Among the indicators, 'sputum' and 'tiredness or sluggishness', 'sputum' and 'yellow coated tongue', and 'white coated tongue' and 'yellow coated tongue' showed significant correlation. 5. In investigation of the correlation of scale in symptoms, various results such as positive correlation and negative correlation were obtained. Conclusion : In this study, more sensitive indicators of dampness-phlegm pattern identification were found. Based on these results, it is suggested that a more practical Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs of Stroke would be established through continuous clinical studies by giving weight on each specific type of pattern identification.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.142-170
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• 2011

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate dizziness of Plain Questions $\ll$素問$\gg$ and Miraculous Pivot $\ll$靈樞$\gg$. Methods : We conducted a study on the original text paragraphs of Internal Classic $\ll$內經$\gg$ containing the dizziness and analysis of Yang, Ma, Zhang, Wang etc. We drew a parallel between dizziness from Internal Classic $\ll$內經$\gg$and matching diagnoses from western medicine. Results : The results were as follows. 1. Dizziness in Ok Ki Jin Jiang Ron <玉機眞藏論> and Pyo Bon Byeong Jeon Ron <標本病傳論> had relation to liver and was similar to dizziness caused by tension, hypertension, anemia and cerebrovascular accident etc. in western medicine. 2. Dizziness in Ja Yeol<刺熱>, O Sa<五邪> and Hai Ron<海論> had relation to kidney and was similar to dizziness caused by aging and peripheral vertigo concurrent with tinnitus and difficulty in hearing in western medicine. 3. Dizziness in O Sa<五邪> had relation to heart(pericardium) and was similar to dizziness caused by cardiac output loss and psychogenic dizziness in western medicine. 4. In Internal Classic $\ll$內經$\gg$ the main etiology of dizziness was infirmity(虛), which were Qi(氣) of the upper portion of the body being insufficient(上氣不足), blood depletion(血枯), deficiency of marrow-reservoir(髓海不足) etc. 5. In Dae Hok Ron<大惑論> etiology and pathogenesis of dizziness were mentioned and dizziness was similar to dizziness caused by eye disorder, psychogenic dizziness and central dizziness in western medicine. 6. In Internal Classic $\ll$內經$\gg$ the meridian of acupuncture points which was used much for dizziness was Bladder Meridian. Aqupunture points used in treatment of dizziness were Ch'onju(天柱), Kollyun(崑崙), Taejo, Chok-t'ongkok(足通谷) etc. Conclusion : We found out etiology, pathogenesis, treatments of dizziness in Internal Classic $\ll$內經$\gg$. Further we compared with western medicine to develop better understanding of dizziness.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.101-110
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• 2002

Background and Purpose : Most diagnostic method for lumbago were invasive and complex. So we need to simplify and objectify diagnostic method for lumbago. Some study with EAV which is one of Physiological Signal Measuring Instruments, report significantly result as objective diagnostic method for other clinical symptom. By using EAV, we have obtained some physiological signal data from meridian-acupoints of 31 lumbago cases. Objective and Methods : This study researched into the clinical statistics for 31 case who ware in lumbago, and they ware treated with oriental medical care at the Dong-shin university oriental hospital during 6 month from June 1 2001 to November 10 2001. The data were analyzed and interpreted to compare with traditional differentiation of symptom-complexes, then further evaluated as the Five Evolutive Phases to make them differentiated. The EAV valus of Five Evolutive Phases were identified with the sequence of wood(木), fire(火), earth(土)steel(金), water(水). Results and Conclusion : These values of physiological signal were identical with standard differentiation of symptom-complexes of lumbago which is the main cause of deficiency of Qi and blood of the kidney and bladder. Among Five Evolutive Phases, Earth and wood values were increased, steel, fire and water were decreased significantly. This data imply the possibility of somewhat generalization from measuring instruments.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.67-80
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this survey is the development on the neck pain for acupuncture and moxibustion clinical guideline. Methods : The survey questionnaire was developed by the committee of experts who major in acupuncture & moxibustion or statistics for acupuncture clinical trial protocol development. The questionnaires were distributed via e-mail to 75 members of Korean Acupuncture & moxibustion society. 57 members completed answers, and the computerized data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 statistical program. Results and Conclusions : 1. The first selected pattern identification on the neck pain This study shows that the meridian pattern identification was selected 35 times(61.4%), the pattern identification based on cause of disease was selected 8 times(14.0%), the visceral pattern identification was selected 7 times(12.3%), the other pattern identification was selected 4 times(7.0%), Qi blood yin yang pattern identification was selected 2 times(3.5%), according to symptoms was selected 1 time(2.4%). 2. Meridian pattern identification Small intestine meridian of hand Taeyang was used 39 times(18.1%), Large intestine meridian of hand Yangmyeong and Bladder meridian of foot Taeyang was used 34 times(15.7%), Gall-bladder meridian of foot Soyang was 32 times(14.8%), Tripple energizer meridian of hand Soyang was used 31 times(14.4%), Governor meridian was used 30 times(13.9%), Lung meridian of hand Taeeum was used 8 times(3.7%), Heart meridian of hand Soeum and Pericarduim meridian of hand Gworeum was used 4 times(1.9%). 3. Pattern identification based on cause of disease Wind-Cold-Dampness was used 31 times(17.5%), Accumulation of the collateral by Phelgm-Dampness was used 16 times(14.0%), affection by exopathogen Wind-Cold(stiff neck, sprain of cervical) was used 13 times (11.4%), Defecient-Cold was used 10 times(8.8%), affection by exopathogen Wind-Dampness was used 9 times(7.9%), Deep Invasion by Wind-Cold was used 8 times(7.0%), Wind-Cold was used 7 times (6.1%), Wind-Cold was used 6 times(5.3%), Accumulation in the Center by Phelgm-Dampness, Imparement of bou fluid by Pathogenic Heat, Wind-Heat with Dampness was used 5 times(4.4%), affection by exopathogen Wind-Dampness and Accumulation of the collateral by Wind-Cold was used 4 times(3.5%), Invasion of Dampness-Heat was used 2 times(1.8%). 4. Visceral pattern identification Rising of the Liver yang was used 16 times(41%), Yin deficiency of Liver and Kidney+pathogens was used 15 times(38.5%), Yin deficiency of Liver and Kidney was used 8 times(20.5%) on this survey.