• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.309-326
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• 2009

De facto standards can be divided into the U.S. group standards' and 'forum and the consortium standard. mainly applies to high-tech industry forums, and a consortium standard of the industry given the nature of the standard are frequently revised, the country Due to the introduction of standard time. Economic loss to consider when in reality, the introduction of national standards of the United States is limited to the desirable standard, and the fact the actual award of standards, national standards, or if you want to introduce standard, each of depending on the type of attitude and strategy for standards by category, based on the characteristics of each body strategy and are needed. Through this study on utilization of de facto standards for national standards, it is researched that major de facto standards bodies status and domestic industrial fields which need utilization of de facto standards for national standards. Through overseas Case, effective usage of de facto standards will be obtained.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.167-178
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• 2009

De facto standards can be divided into the U.S. group standards' and 'forum and the consortium standard. mainly applies to high-tech industry forums, and a consortium standard of the industry given the nature of the standard are frequently revised, the country Due to the introduction of standard time. Economic loss to consider when in reality, the introduction of national standards of the United States is limited to the desirable standard, and the fact the actual award of standards, national standards, or if you want to introduce standard, each of depending on the type of attitude and strategy for standards by category, based on the characteristics of each body strategy and are needed. Through this study on utilization of de facto standards for national standards, it is researched that major de facto standards bodies status and domestic industrial fields which need utilization of de facto standards for national standards. Through overseas Case, effective usage of de facto standards will be obtained.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.2B
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• pp.174-182
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• 2004

Recently, the comparative gap of technology and product has been decreased in the global market, and the globalization has been extended rapidly. Industries try to get de facto standard as the global standard. De facto standard has become a standard not because it has been approved by a standards organization but because it is widely used and recognized by the industry as being standard. Advanced countries already have their own organizations under the government, and they cooperate tightly with companies. As a result, we also try to have the organization and build the good relationship between companies and the government to get de facto standard in the global market.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.115-135
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• 2015

In the technological cycle model, a technological discontinuity leads to the inception of industry evolution. Before the emergence of de facto standard, it is defined as era of ferment, while era of incremental change is defined after the emergence. In the era of ferment, market and product have high uncertainties, but the competition becomes fiercer in the era of incremental change. Hence, new or revised managerial strategies are required before and after the de facto standard. However, our understanding is limited. In this study, we explore determinants of firm survival after the emergence of de facto standard. We test these using 6650 product/year observations from 1983 to 2002. The results reveal that entry before the emergence of de facto standard, and the number of product in the market will increase exit rate. However, the number of company will reduce exit rate. Our findings illustrate distinctive characteristics of the industry after the emergence of de facto standard. We'll discuss academic and political implications in the last section of this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2013

Since 2010, politicians and netizens have been frequently talking about "The Standard of a Nation". Specification/Standard contains "de facto standard" and "de jure standard". "The Standard of a Nation", the level of a state's quality, is prescribed by the constitution. Though the constitution, which is equal to a state's official standard, has been well established, it would be undervalued without civil obedience. The state standard can never be improved by a couple of successful projects or some national policies. The time is that the people who would like to level up of the state standard also should consider technology and science as important.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.399-408
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• 2022

ERC-20, the standard API for Ethereum token smart contracts, was introduced to ensure compatibility among applications such as wallets and decentralized exchanges. However, many compatibility vulnerability problems have existed because there is no rigorous functional specifications for each API nor conformance review tools for the standard. In this paper, we proposed a new review procedure and a tool to perform the procedure to review if ERC-20 token smart contract programs for the Ethereum blockchain conform to the de facto standards. Based on the knowledge from an analysis on the ERC-20 API functional behavior of the top 100 token smart contract programs in the existing Ethereum blockchain, a new specification for the de facto standard for ERC-20 API was explicitly defined. The new specification enabled us to design a systematic review method for Ethereum smart contract programs. We developed a tool to support this review method and we evaluated a few benchmark programs with the tool.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.18-29
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• 1992

As more application programs have graphic functions, standards in the computer graphics are becoming important. To develop a computer aided design and production system for ships, which would be used by different shipyards, a graphic library should be chosen as a standard. Existing ISO graphic standards and de facto industrial standards are surveyed. They are, to name some of them, GKS, PHIGS, X-Window, PEX, PDES, and STEP. GKS and PHIGS concern about the application programmer's interface. Others handle the device interface. PDES and STEP are to standardize the graphical data transfer between heterogeneous systems. Their inter-relations are investigated. Some preliminary suggestions for the choice of graphic standards are included in this paper.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1-21
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• 2013

This study attempts to explain the mechanism behind the migration from vertically integrated value chain architecture to an innovation ecosystem consisting of horizontally separated layers in value chain. We first present a comprehensive framework based on the theoretical analysis of the drivers for migration to an innovation ecosystem, which are standard (institution), capability distribution, and transaction costs. The theoretical framework suggests that the migration to an innovation ecosystem is explained by the influence of standard on the evolutionary change of capability distribution and transaction costs. In particular, when the new de-jure standard competes with the de-facto standard, the new de-jure standard has the greatest impact on the distribution capabilities and the transaction costs. Based on this theoretical framework, we analyze the latest SDN (Software Defined Networking) case of the network industry. SDN standard has transformed the industry from a vertically integrated value chain architecture to a horizontally separated one with its influence on the distribution capabilities and the transaction costs in the industry.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.335-344
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• 2009

Embedded systems and web browsers have started to provide two-dimensional vector graphics features, to finally support scalability of graphics outputs, while traditional graphics systems have focused on the raster and bitmap operations. Nowadays, SVG and Flash are actively used while OpenVG from Khronos group plays the role of a de facto low-level API standard to support them. In this paper, we represent the design and implementation process and the final results of an OpenVG implementation, AlexVG. From its design stage, our implementation aims at the cooperation with SVG-Tiny, another de facto standard for embedded systems. Currently, our overall system provides not only the OpenVG core features but also variety of OpenVG application programs and SVG-Tiny media file playing capabilities. For the conformance with the standard specifications, our system completely passed the whole OpenVG conformance test suites and the graphics output portions of the SVG-Tiny conformance test suites. From the performance point of view, we focused on the efficiency and effectiveness especially on the mobile phones and embedded devices with limited resources. As the result, it showed impressive benchmarks on the small-scale CPU's such as ARM's, even without neither any other libraries nor acceleration hardware.

• TTA Journal
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• s.46
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• pp.116-129
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• 1996

지난 2월 8일 클린턴 대통령은 ''1996년 전기통신법''에 서명하였다. 따라서 이제 미국에서는 통신, 정보, 미디어산업간의 진입장벽이 허물어져 무한 경쟁의 시대로 접어들게 되었다. 이미 미국내의 주요 사업자들은 경쟁력 강화를 위한 경영효율화와 M&A 등의 조치를 광범위하게 취하고 있다. 세계 정보산업의 리더인 미국 산업계의 이러한 변신은 곧 세계의 정보통신산업에도 광범위한 영향을 미치게 될 것이다. 그리고 사실상의 표준(de facto standard)에 강한 미국 기업들이 보다 자유로운 여건 하에서 해외시장 진출을 추진하는 과정중 표준을 둘러싼 마찰을 일으킬 가능성이 매우 크다고 할 수 있다.