• 에너지공학
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.92-99
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 새로운 기후변화 체제 수립 이후 신재생 에너지의 지속적인 증가와 디지털 부하의 증가로 DC배전으로 마이크로그리드 계통을 구성하고 운영하여 기존 교류기반의 배전계통에서 발생하는 전력변환 단계의 손실을 줄이고, 무효전력에 의한 손실을 배제하는 DC 마이크로그리드가 확대될 것이라는 주장을 국내 에너지 정책의 검토, 국내외 마이크로그리드 현황, 국내외 DC배전 현황으로 뒷받침하고, 실제 현장에서 마이크로그리드 구축에 DC배전을 적용하기 위한 방안을 제언한다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.864-871
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• 2015

Recently, one of the main research on the power distribution system is the microgrid. The microgrid is a combination of power sources and loads, which is controllable and has separable connection. The main objective of microgrid is the deployment of the renewable clean energy and the enhancement of load-side reliability. The modern power sources and loads have DC I/O interfaces, which is the major advantage of DC microgrid compared to the conventional AC grid. The components in the microgrid have diverse features, so there is need of proper coordination control. For achieving economic feature, the active power of renewable energy resources is regarded as major control parameter and the whole operation modes of DC microgrid are defined, and the proper operations of each component are described. From the inherent characteristics of DC, there are two control variables: voltage and active power. Through analysis of operation modes, it is possible to determine exact control objectives and optimized voltage & power control strategy in each mode. Because of consideration of whole operation modes, regardless of the number and capacity of components, this coordination control method can be used without modification. This paper defines operation mode of DC microgrid with several DC sources and suggests economic and efficient coordinated control methods. Simulation with PSCAD proves effectiveness.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.355-363
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• 2022

This paper presents the modeling for islanded hybrid AC/DC microgrid and the verification of the proposed supervisory controller for energy management for this microgrid. The supervisory controller allows the microgrid system to operate in different power flows through the proposed control algorithm, it has several roles in the management of the energy flow between the different components of the microgrid for reliable operation. The proposed microgrid has both essential objectives such as the maximum use of renewable energies resources and the reduction of multiple conversion processes in an individual AC or DC microgrids. The microgrid system considered for this study has a solar photovoltaic (PV), a wind turbine (WT), a battery (BT), and a AC/DC loads. A small islanded hybrid AC/DC microgrid has been modeled and simulated using the MATLAB-Simulink. The simulation results show that the system can maintain stable operation under the proposed supervisory controller when the microgrid is switched from one operating mode of energy flow to another.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2017

In recent years, there is an increasing demand for DC microgrid because the digital load due to DC increases and the efficiency of the distribution system increases due to loss of conversion losses and conversion stages due to reactive power compared to AC distribution. Currently, with the support of the KEPRI, the development of an electronic large-capacity circuit breaker for DC distribution protection, which has been underway since 2016, is proceeding. In this paper, as a part of this project, we modeled the DC microgrid connected with PV using PSCAD. The converter station, AC/DC converter control, PV and MPPT controller are designed. In order to evaluate the performance of the modeled DC microgrid, it is examined whether the voltage is adjusted according to the load variation.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.452-464
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• 2015

This paper proposes a DC microgrid operational strategy and control method for improved service reliability. The objective is to supply power to as many non-critical loads as possible, while providing an uninterrupted power supply to critical loads. The DC bus signaling method, in which DC voltage is an information carrier, is employed to implement the operational strategy in a decentralized manner. During grid-connected operation, a grid-tied converter balances the power of the microgrid by controlling the DC voltage. All loads are connected to the microgrid, and operate normally. During islanded operation, distributed generators (DGs), a backup generator, or an energy storage system balances the power. However, some non-critical loads may be disconnected from the microgrid to ensure the uninterrupted power supply to critical loads. For enhanced service reliability, disconnected loads can be automatically reconnected if certain conditions are satisfied. Control rules are proposed for all devices, and detailed microgrid operational modes and transition conditions are then discussed. Additionally, methods to determine control parameter settings are proposed. PSCAD/EMTDC simulation results demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed operational strategy and control method.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.150-157
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• 2021

Nowadays, a DC microgrid that can link various distributed power sources is gaining much attention. Accordingly, research on fault situations, such as line-to-line and line-to-ground faults of the DC microgrid, has been conducted to improve grid reliability. However, the blackout of an AC system and the oscillation of a DC bus voltage have not been reported or have not been sufficiently verified by previous research. In this study, a 20 kW DC microgrid testbed using a power HIL simulation technique is proposed. This testbed can simulate various fault conditions without any additional grid facilities and dangerous experiments. It includes the blackout of the DC microgrid caused by the AC utility grid's blackout, a drastic load increment, and the DC bus voltage oscillation caused by the LCL filter of the voltage source converter. The effectiveness of the proposed testbed is verified by using Opal-RT's OP5707 real-time simulator with a 3 kW prototype three-port dual-active-bridge converter.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2011년도 전력전자학술대회
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• pp.251-252
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• 2011

This paper describes the development of hardware simulator for the operation analysis of DC microgrid, which has a wind power, solar power and fuel cell as a distributed generation, and a supercapacitor and battery as an energy storage. A detailed simulation model for the DC microgrid was developed for operation analysis. Based on simulation results a hardware simulator was built in the lab for the purpose of operation analysis. The developed hardware simulator can be utilized to evaluate with practical manner the performance of actual microgrid in the field.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.66-67
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• 2014

Stabilization of the DC bus voltage is an important task in DC-AC microgrid system with renewable energy source such as solar system. A battery energy storage system (BESS) has become a general solution to stabilize the DC-bus voltage in DC-AC microgrid. This paper develops the analog BESS controller which requires neither computation nor dc-bus voltage measurement, so that the system can be implemented simply and easily. Even though others methods can stabilize and control the DC-bus voltage, it has complicated structure in control and low adaptive capability. The proposed topology is simple but is able to compensate the solar source variation and stabilize the DC-bus voltage under any loads and distributed generation (DG) conditions. In addition, the design of analog controller is presented to obtain a robust system. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, simulation is carried out by using PSIM software.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.106-115
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• 2014

This paper proposes ESS DC-DC Converter using Redox Flow Battery (RFB) for stand-alone microgrid. Price, safety, expandability and dynamics are crucial in ESS. Reports show that Zinc-bromine (ZnBr) RFB is the best choice in ESS. Simple electrical ZnBr RFB model is obtained from charging test. DC-DC converter Inductor current-DClink Voltage model is proposed for the DC microgrid. For the controller design in z-domain, the K-factor method is by considering nature of the digital controller. The control performance has been verified with simulation and hardware experiments. Lastly 10kW DC microgrid using RFB test result is shown.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권7호
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• pp.1176-1185
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• 2016

This paper proposes a new output voltage control scheme based on the SoC variation of the battery energy storage system (BESS) applicable for the stand-alone DC microgrid. The proposed control scheme provides relatively lower variation of the DC grid voltage than the conventional droop method. The performance of proposed control scheme was verified through computer simulations for a typical stand-alone DC microgrid which consists of BESS, photo-voltaic (PV) panel, engine generator (EG), and DC load. A scaled hardware prototype for the stand-alone DC microgrid with DSP controller was set up in the lab, and the proposed control algorithm was installed in the DSP controller. The test results were compared with the simulation results for performance verification and actual system implementation.