• KCID journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.225-235
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• 2007

The shape of streamflow hydrograph during the early period of spring is very much controlled by the area and depth of snow cover especially in mountainous area. When we simulate the streamfolw of a watershed snowmelt, we need some information for snow cover extent and depth distribution as parameters and input data in the hydrological models. The purpose of this study is to suggest an extraction method of snow cover area and snow depth distribution using Terra MODIS image. Snow cover extent for South Korea was extracted for the period of December 2000 and April 2006. For the snow cover area, the snow depth was interpolated using the snow depth data from 69 meteorological observation stations. With these data, it is necessary to run a hydrological model considering the snow-related data and compare the simulated streamflow with the observed data and check the applicability for the snowmelt simulation.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.116-123
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of modified fasting therapy on the changes of body compositions. Methods: We analyzed the medical records of 33 patients, who carried out modified fasting therapy at Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University from January 1st, 2011 to December 30th, 2015. They went through reducing food intakes period (7 days), fasting period (14 days) and refeeding period (14 days). Body compositions (weight, body mass index, skeletal muscle mass, percent body fat, basal metabolic rate, waist-hip ratio, visceral fat area) were reviewed at each state. And then the data was analyzed. Results: The body composition values (weight, body mass index [BMI], skeletal muscle mass, percent body fat, basal metabolic rate, waist-hip ratio, visceral fat area) decreased during the fasting therapy period, as a whole. The weight, BMI, percent body fat and visceral fat area decreased during the reducing food intakes period, the fasting period and the refeeding period. The skeletal muscle mass and basal metabolic rate significantly decreased during the reducing food intakes period and the fasting period, and insignificantly increased during the refeeding period. Conclusions: Results from this investigation showed that modified fasting therapy using fermented herbal medicine have positive effects on changes of body compositions.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.312-319
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• 2016

Measured wave data covering two years simultaneously at 3 locations along the eastern Arabian Sea reveals the presence of long-period (peak wave period > 18 s) low-amplitude waves (significant wave height < 1 m) and the characteristics of these waves are described in this article. In a year, 1.4-3.6% of the time, the low-amplitude long-period swells were observed, and these waves were mainly during the nonmonsoon period. The wave spectra during these long-period swells were multi-peaked with peak wave period around 18.2 s, the secondary peak period around 13.3 s and the wind-sea peak period at 5 s. The ratio of the spectral energy of the wind-sea peak and the primary peak (swell) was slightly higher at the northern location (0.2) than that at the southern location (0.15) due to the higher wind speed present at the northern location.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.360-374
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• 2016

Since WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) applied to their application areas such as smart home, smart factory, environment monitoring, etc., depend on sensor data, the sensor data is the most important among WSN components. The resources of each node consisting of WSN are extremely limited in energy, hardware and so on. Due to these limitation, communication failure probabilities become much higher and the communication failure causes data loss to occur. For this reason, this paper proposes 2MC (Maximum/Minimum Compression) that is a method to compress sensor data by selecting circular queue-based maximum/minimum sensor data values. Our proposed method reduces sensor data losses and value errors when they are recovered. Experimental results of 2MC method show the maximum/minimum 35% reduction efficiency in average sensor data accumulation error rate after the 3 times compression, comparing with CQP (Circular Queue Compression based on Period) after the compressed data recovering.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe life stress, life satisfaction, and adaptation of middle-aged women in the menopause period. Methods: The research design was to descriptive study using self-report questionnaires. Participants were 129 middle aged women living at A city. Data were collected from June 1 to June 30 and analyzed using SPSS/WIN program. Results: Significant differences in menopause adaptation were evident on the basis of spouse. There were significant differences in life satisfaction in terms of income. Life satisfaction was positively correlated to menopause period adaptation. Life stress was negatively correlated to menopause period adaptation. Life satisfaction and life stress were accounted for 36.2% in menopause period adaptation of middle-aged women. Conclusion: These results provide evidence of the effects of life stress and life satisfaction of menopause period adaptation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.51-64
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• 2002

To investigate long-period wave responses in Sokcho Harbor and Cheongcho lagoon, field measurements were made for long-and short-period waves and current velocities using a Directional Waverider, a ultrasonic-type wave gauge, four pressure-type wave gauges, and a current meter. From the data analysis, it was found that the Helmholtz resonant periods of Sokcho Harbor and Cheongcho lagoon are about 13.6 and 54.5 minutes, respectively, and the dominant period of wave induced current in the passage between Sokcho Harbor and Cheongcho lagoon is about 55.2 minutes which depends on Helmholtz resonant condition of the Cheongcho lagoon. It was also found that the energy level of the far-infra-gravity waves during storm conditions is very high compared with that during calm sea conditions. To investigate relationships between far-infra-gravity waves and short-period waves at offshore station, regression analyses were carried out especially for 1) heights, 2) periods, 3) direction and height, 4) height and period between short-and far-infra-gravity waves, respectively. The results showed that the long-period wave height is highly correlated with the short-period wave height. However, no special trend was found for the other relations. In the future far-infra-gravity wave heights on return period around Sokcho Harbor region can be suggested by using extreme value analyses of long term measured data.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.360-365
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• 2003

In this paper, GMDH(Croup Method of Data Handling) algorithm which is proved to be more excellent in efficiency and accuracy of practical use of data is applied to electric power demand forecasting. As a result, it became much easier to make a choice of input data and make an exact prediction based on a lot of data. Also, we considered both economy factors(GDP, export, import, number of employee, number of economically active population and consumption of oil) and climate factors(average temperature) when forecasting. We assumed target forecast period from first quarter 1999 to first quarter 2001, and suggested more accurate forecasting method of electric power demand by using 3-step computer simulation processes(first process for selecting optimum input period, second for analyzing time relation of input data and forecast value, and third for optimizing input data) for improvement of forecast precision. The proposed method can get 0.96 percent of mean error rate at target forecast period.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 2002

Historical control data have been shown to be valuable in the proper interpretation and validation of reproductive toxicology studies. The present data were compiled from rat fertility and early embryonic development studies conducted at Korea Institute of Toxicology during the 1994∼2001 period. These data were assembled in order to provide background information for the general and reproductive data collected in 11 fertility and early embryonic development studies using Sprague-Dawley rats obtain-ing from the Breeding Facility, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea. A total of 274 males and 274 females were used in these studies during the eight-year period. Parameters of fertility and early embryonic development included clinical sign, body weights, food consumption, organ weights, estrus cycle, copulation index, precoital time, fertility index, pregnancy index, sperm parameters, and early embryonic development parameters. Most of the values were comparable to the previous historical control data reported by other investigators. These data can be wed not only as a historical data base for the meaningful interpretation of data from reproductive and developmental toxicity studies, but also as a contribution to biological characterization of Sprague-Dawley rats.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.437-452
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• 2002

The Metropolitan Tracer Experiment (METREX) was performed over the Washington, D.C. area using two inert, non-deposition perfluorocarbon gases for over 1 year period (November 1983∼December 1984). Two perfluorocarbon gas tracers (PDCH, PMCH) were released simultaneously at intervals of every 36 hours for 6 hours, regardless of the meteorological conditions in metropolitan area. Samples were collected continuously for 8 hours at a central downtown and two adjacent suburban locations. Monthly air samples were collected at 93 sites across the whole region (at urban, suburban, and rural locations). The purpose of this study is to simulate INPUFF and ISCST model using METREX data, and to compare calculated and observed concentrations. In the case of INPUFF simulation, two meteorological input data were used. One is result data from wind field model which was calculated by diagnostic wind model (DWM), the other is meteorological data observed at single station. Here, three kinds of model calculation were performed during April and July 1984; they include (1) INPUFF model using DWM data (2) INPUFF model using single meteorological data (3) ISCST model. The monthly average concentration data were used for statistic analysis and to draw their horizontal distribution patterns. Eight-hour-averaged concentration was used to describe movement of puff during the episode period. The results showed that the concentrations calculated by puff model (INPUFF) were better than plume model (ISCST). In the case of puff model (INPUFF), a model run using wind field data produced better results than that derived by single meteorological data.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2013

In this study, the quantitative analysis and pattern analysis of the error bounds with respect to recording period were carried out using the wave climate data from coastal areas. Arbitrary recording periods were randomly sampled from one month to six years using the bootstrap method. Based on the analysis, for recording periods less than one year, it was found that the error bounds decreased rapidly as the recording period increased. Meanwhile, the error bounds were found to decrease more slowly for recording periods longer than one year. Assuming the absolute estimate error to be around 10% (${\pm}0.1m$) for an one meter significant wave height condition, the minimum recording period for reaching the estimate error for Sokcho and Geoje-Hongdo stations satisfied this condition with over two years of data, while Anmado station was found to satisfy this condition when using observational data of over three years. The confidence intervals of the significant wave height clearly show an increasing pattern when the percentile value of the wave height increases. Whereas, the confidence intervals of the mean wave period are nearly constant, at around 0.5 seconds except for the tail regions, i.e., 2.5- and 97.5-percentile values. The error bounds for 97.5-percentile values of the wave height necessary for harbor tranquility analysis were found to be 0.75 m, 0.5 m, and 1.2 m in Sokcho, Geoje-Hongdo, and Anmado, respectively.