• 대한간호학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.793-806
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• 2001

To identify nursing interventions performed by Chosunjok nurses in Yanbian using NIC. Methods: The sample consisted of 36 nurses working in 2 hospitals. The Nursing Interventions Use Questionnaire developed by the Iowa Intervention Project team was used for data collection. The instrument was translated to Korean using the method of back-translation. Results: Twenty-eight interventions were performed at least daily. Interventions in the Physiological: Basic domain were most frequently used at least daily. The most frequently used interventions was Positioning, followed by the interventions Pressure Ulcer Prevention, Intravenous (IV) Therapy, Hypothermia Treatment and Intravenous (IV) Insertion. The least frequently used interventions was Electronic Fetal Monitoring: Antepartum. Nurses working in special medical care units performed interventions most often, while nurses working in general surgical units performed them least. Nurses working in general medical, special medical and other care units performed interventions in the Physiological domain more often than the nurses working in general surgical units. Conclusion: Chosunjok nurses in Yanbian performed physiological interventions frequently. Further studies will be needed to compare interventions performed by nurses in two countries.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2020

This study proposed a simple estimation method for irrigation return flow from paddy fields using the water balance model. The merit of this method is applicability to other paddy fields irrigated from agricultural reservoirs due to the simplicity compared with the previous monitoring based estimation method. It was assumed that the unused amount of irrigation water was the return flow which included the quick and delayed return flows. The amount of irrigation supply from a reservoir was estimated from the reservoir water balance with the storage rate and runoff model. It was also assumed that the infiltration was the main source of the delayed return flow and that the other delayed return flow was neglected. In this study, the amount of reservoir inflow and water demand from paddy field are calculated on a daily basis, and irrigation supply was calculated on 10-day basis, taking into account the uncertainty of the model and the reliability of the data. The regression rate was calculated on a yearly basis, and yearly data was computed by accumulating daily and 10-day data, considering that the recirculating water circulation cycle was relatively long. The proposed method was applied to the paddy blocks of the Jamhong and Seosan agricultural reservoirs and the results were acceptable.

• 농촌계획
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2016

There is a need to analyze unconfined groundwater behavior since the demand of groundwater use has been increasing. While unconfined groundwater temperature is tend to be affected by air temperature, it is hard to find an empirical study in South Korea. In this research, we try to determine the relationship between daily average air temperature and daily average groundwater temperature by time-sequential analysis of groundwater monitoring wells in Galshin basin in Yesan-Gun, Chungcheongnam-Do. In addition, models to estimate groundwater temperature from air temperature were developed. In this research 101-day moving average method with measured air temperature is used to estimate groundwater temperature. To verify the developed model, estimated values of average groundwater temperature with 101 moving average are compared to the measured data from September 10 2007 to September 9 2008. And, Nash-Stucliff Efficiency and Coefficient of Determination were 0.970 and 0.976, therefore it was concluded that the model allowing groundwater temperature estimation from air temperature is with reasonable applicability.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2020

Human motion recognition is essential for user-centric services such as surveillance-based security, elderly condition monitoring, exercise tracking, daily calories expend analysis, etc. It is typically based on the movement data analysis such as the acceleration and angular velocity of a target user. The existing motion recognition studies are only intended to measure the basic information (e.g., user's stride, number of steps, speed) or to recognize single motion (e.g., sitting, running, walking). Thus, a new mechanism is required to identify the transition of single motions for assessing a user's consecutive motion more accurately as well as recognizing the user's body and surrounding situations arising from the motion. Thus, in this paper, we collect the human movement data through Android smartphones in real time for five targeting single motions and propose a mechanism to recognize a consecutive motion including transitions among various motions and an occurred situation, with the state transition model to check if a vulnerable (life-threatening) condition, especially for the elderly, has occurred or not. Through implementation and experiments, we demonstrate that the proposed mechanism recognizes a consecutive motion and a user's situation accurately and quickly. As a result of the recognition experiment about mix sequence likened to daily motion, the proposed adoptive weighting method showed 4% (Holding time=15 sec), 88% (30 sec), 6.5% (60 sec) improvements compared to static method.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.751-771
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• 2011

Biogenic Volatile Organic Compound (BVOC) emissions are estimated with BEIS3.12 (Biogenic Emissions Inventory System version 3.12) over the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) and then used in CMAQ (Community Multiscale Air Quality) simulations for two high ozone episodes in 2004 and 2007 June. The first- and second-order sensitivity coefficients of ozone to BVOC emissions are estimated with High-order Decoupled Direct Method (HDDM) simulation in order to estimate the influence of BVOC emissions on ozone using the Zero-Out Contribution (ZOC) approach. ZOC analysis shows that relative contribution of BVOC emissions on daily maximum 1-hr ozone is as high as 30% for high ozone days above 100 ppb. However simulated isoprene concentrations were over-estimated by a factor of 2 when compared to the observations at the PAMS (Photochemical Air Monitoring Station) for the 2007 episode. When assumed that actual BVOC emissions are 50% less than estimated, the ZOC of BVOC emissions on daily maximum ozone drops by more than 10 ppb for the episode. The result indicates that uncertainty in BVOC emissions may have significant impact on high ozone prediction in the SMA.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.75-80
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• 1995

It is important to estimate the possibility of recovery in physiologically damaged woody plant. It is suggested that C.E.R(cambial electrical resistance) might be a useful method to predict the permanent wilting point. D/A and A/D converter can be used to measure the C.E.R and it took only 10-20 msec for a measurement and the values were stable during this study. A computer could be used for the continual measurement of C.E.R. There were very big daily changes of C.E.R. was changed according to the changes of indoor temperature, but the phase was slightly different. It is reasoned that daily changes in C.E.R. is induced by the changes of water potential and cambial thickness. It was difficult to detect the changes of C.E.R. caused by changes in soil moisture under high soil water potential. Under low soil water potential, the changes in soil moisture under high soil water potential. Under low soil water potential, the changes of C.E.R. can be detected. After wilting, C.E.R. is increased very rapidly. When C.E.R. is not decreased by watering, it will be permanent wilting point. But it takes several days to confirm the permanent wilting point. To predict the possibility of recovery from wilting, the values of C.E.R. have no meaning. But the changes of C.E.R. are significant. Therefore we can predict the permant wilting point in woody plant by monitoring the change of C.E.R. by the computer.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2023

Licorice is a perennial herb belonging to the legume family that mainly grows in northeastern China, Mongolia, Siberia, and other regions. It is used in traditional medicine in the form of dried roots in the East and the West. The main active component of licorice, glycyrrhizin, is known to produce mineralocorticoid effects when consumed chronically, which can lead to apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome. Herein, we present the case of a 72-year-old woman who was admitted to the emergency room with severe generalized weakness and difficulty keeping her neck upright, which had developed after daily consumption of licorice-infused water for the past 2 months. Blood tests revealed metabolic alkalosis and severe hypokalemia, and an electrocardiogram showed ventricular bigeminy. The patient was treated with daily potassium and spironolactone supplements, leading to a significant improvement in muscle strength after a week. One week later, the patient was discharged, showing rare ventricular premature contractions on electrocardiography, but with no specific complaints. Chronic licorice ingestion leading to hypokalemia and muscle weakness can be life-threatening, necessitating the discontinuation of the causative agent, close monitoring, and cautious supplementation of potassium and spironolactone as treatment.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.215-229
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• 2023

Objectives: To validate the effectiveness of a real-time chemical exposure monitoring system developed by KOSHA (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency), we applied the system to a workplace in the electronics industry for 153 days. Methods: The monitoring system consisted of a PID chemical sensor, a LTE communication equipment, and a web-based platform. To monitor chemical exposure, four sets of sensors were placed in two manufacturing tasks - inspection and jig cleaning - which used TCE as a degreasing agent. We reviewed previous reports of work environment measurements and conducted a new work environment measurement on one day during the period. The PID sensor systems detected the chemical exposure levels in the workplace every second and transmitted it to the platform. Daily average and maximum chemical exposure levels were also recorded. Results: We compared the results from the real-time monitoring system and the work environment measurement by traditional methods. Generally, the data from the real-time monitoring system showed a higher level because the sensors were closer to the chemical source. We found that 28% of jig cleaning task data exceeded the STEL. Peak exposure levels of sensor data were useful for understanding the characteristics of the task's chemical use. Limitations and implications were reviewed for the adoption of the system for preventing poisoning caused by chemical substances. Conclusions: We found that the real-time chemical exposure monitoring system was an efficient tool for preventing occupational diseases caused by chemical exposure, such as acute poisoning. Further research is needed to improve the reliability and applicability of the system. We also believe that forming a social consensus around the system is essential.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2012

국내 유통 친환경인증 엽채류와 엽경채류 중 잔류농약 실태를 파악하기 위해 서울 등 전국 9개 지역의 대형마트와 친환경인증 농산물 판매소에서 상추 등 21종의 친환경인증 엽채류 및 엽경채류를 2010년 7월과 8월 2회 채취 하였으며, 총 시료수는 637(유기농산물 395, 무농약농산물 242)점이었다. 수집된 시료는 GC-ECD/NPD, HPLC-DAD/FLD를 이용한 다성분 동시분석법으로 잔류농약을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 양배추 등 8점의 시료에서 alachlor를 포함한 6종의 농약이 검출되어 1.3%의 검출율을 보였으며, 검출농약의 잔류량은 alachlor 0.043, chlorfenapyr 0.022-0.324, diazinon 0.024, dicofol 0.05-0.138, dithiopyr 0.008, metolachlor 0.025 mg/kg이었다. 시료에서 검출된 농약의 잔류량은 모두 잔류허용기준을 초과하지 않았고 일일섭취추정량 대비 일일섭취허용량은 25% 미만으로 안전한 것으로 판단되었으나 농약이 검출된 시료 중 5점은 친환경농산물 인증기준을 초과하여 부적합 농산물로 분류되었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제38권7호
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• pp.517-526
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• 2005

현재 우리나라에서 주로 사용되는 지하수 함양량 추정방법은 지하수 감수곡선에 의한 기저유출분리법과 관측공의 자료를 이용한 지하수위 변동법으로 대별된다. 기저유출분리법은 연단위기반의 집중형 개념의 접근법을 사용하며, 지하수위변동곡선해석법은 유역단위의 물수지 개념보다는 국지적인 지하수 관측정의 변화에 주로 의존하고 있다. 한편 지하수 함양량은 기후조건, 토지이용, 관개와 수리지질학적 비균질성에 의해 현저한 시공간적 변동성을 나타내고 있어서 위의 두 가지 방법으로는 이같은 특성을 고려하는데 여러 가지 한계를 보인다. 이에 본 연구에서는 준분포형 강우-유출모형인 SWAT모형을 이용하여 공간적변동성을 고려한 일단위 함양량 산정기법을 제시하였다. 이 방법을 이용하면 기존의 유역 대표 함양량 대신 각 소유역의 비균질한 특성을 반영한 함양량의 분포를 산정할 수 있다. 산정된 일단위 함양량은 기후조건 토지이용 및 수리지질학적 비균질성과 토양층에서의 지체등 물리적인 거동까지 반영된 것이어서 기존의 간접적 추정방식에 의한 연단위 함양률을 크게 개선할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.