• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.131-134
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose the 1D-CZP pattern for FPGA verification. The algorithm that was implemented by Verilog-HDL on FPGA board is verified before the chip is producted. Input through the external sensor might not be enough to verify the algorithm on FPGA board. Hence, both external input and internal input can lead the verification of the algorithm. This paper suggests the hardware implementation of compact 1D-CZP pattern that has the random input. It is useful to analyze the characteristics of the filter frequencies and organized as ROM Table which is efficient to Modulus operation.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.137-142
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• 2016

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of suction drain use following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair by comparing early pain score and range of motion (ROM) between groups with and without suction drains. Methods: The study included 153 patients with rotator cuff tears who underwent arthroscopic repairs at our clinic from April 2014 to March 2015. Following surgery, a suction drain was used in 85 patients (group D) and not used in 68 patients (group ND). There was no statistical difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, or total operation time. The clinical outcome with regard to pain (assessed by pain scores and analgesic requests) and passive ROM was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: Immediate postoperative analgesic requirement was significantly higher in group D (p=0.001), although there was no difference in pain outcomes between the groups during the 3-month follow-up period. A statistically significant difference in passive ROM was observed at the postoperative 2- and 6-week follow-ups (p=0.036, 0.035, and 0.034 in forward elevation (FE), external rotation at the side (ER) and 90 ER at weeks 2, respectively; 0.045 and 0.009 in FE and ER at weeks 6, respectively); however no significant difference was observed at the end of 3 months. During the study period, no complication was reported in either group. Conclusions: Use of suction drains after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair provided little benefit in terms of ROM or pain in the early postoperative period (up to 3 months).

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.301-314
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• 2017

This study focused on the movement adaptability of $19^{th}$ century classical opera stage costumes. Researchers focused on a basic $19^{th}$ century women's jacket. The study analyzed movement adaptability using ROM (range-of-motion) tests of the upper limb flexion and abduction postures. It developed two research garments to mimic basic $19^{th}$ century style jackets with or without gussets at the axilla. The ROM experiment identified the gusset size as 11cm in length. Experimental postures included upper limb flexion and abduction. The study measured subjective comfort at 8 postures. These postures included the flexion and abduction of the arms and torso. Subjects also evaluated the subjective comfort of the rotation posture of the torso. Researchers evaluated the similarities between research garments' silhouettes and the $19^{th}$ century women's jacket. The study used a 3D virtual fitting system to evaluate fit, and specialists further analyzed fit with photographs and 3D virtual graphics. The results are as follows. The silhouettes of both research garments were similar to the silhouettes of the $19^{th}$ century western women's jacket. The jacket with axilla gusset had a better fit than the basic style jacket. The basic style jacket without the axilla gusset showed limited movement adaptability at the shoulder joint and it caused discomfort at the axilla and elbow. The 3D virtual fit test was not a suitable method for analyzing silhouette similarity.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.4A
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• pp.247-255
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• 2003

In this paper, an $tan^{-1}$ circuit for the frequency synchronization of OFDM based IEEE 802.11a is presented. The proposed circuit consists of a divider, an $tan^{-1}$ ROM and a phase detector, which can detect frequency offset within 0.0491 rad. The circuit implemented with FPGA shows a pull-in range of under ${\pm}625KHz$ at 5dB AWGN. It may be useful for IEEE 802.11a WLAN standard.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.167-170
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 미국에서 고 선명(High Definition) TV를 위한 오디오 표준인 ATSC에 의해서 채택되고, DVD의 오디오 코덱으로 널리 채택된 Dolby AC-3 복호화기를 고정 소수점으로 변환한 후, ARM929T를 기반으로 실시간 구현하였다. 실시간 구현에 사용된 ARM920T 는 저전력 소비형 32-비트 고정 소수점 RISC 구조이며, 명령어 Cache 와 데이터 Cache, MMU(Memory Management Unit)로 구성되어 있다. 그리고 200MIPS 의 성능을 가지고 있어, 음성/오디오, 통신, 디지털 셀룰라폰에 적용할 수 있고, ASIC 화 할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 구현된 AC-3 복호화기는 약 67MIPS(6 채널, 640kbps, 48KHz)의 복잡도를 나타내며, 사용된 메모리양은 프로그램 ROM 23.3K Bytes, 데이터 ROM(table) 4.62K Bytes 및 RAM 45K Bytes 이다. 구현된 AC-3 복호화기는 Dolby사에서 제공하는 40 개의 test 벡터들을 bit-exact하게 통과하였다.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

Blow molding is a manufacturing process in which thermoplastic preforms are preheated and then pneumatically expanded within a mold to produce hollow products of various shapes. The two-step process, a type of blow molding method, requires the output of multiple infrared lamps to be adjusted individually, so the process of finding initial conditions hinders productivity. In this study, digital twin technology was applied to solve this problem. A blow molding simulation technique was established and simulation-based metadata was generated. A response surface ROM (Reduced Order Model) was built using the generated metadata. Then, a dynamic ROM was constructed using the results of 3D heat transfer analysis. Through this, users can quickly check the product wall thickness uniformity according to changes in the control value of the heating lamp for products of various shapes, and at the same time, check the temperature distribution of the preform in real time.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the effects of the lower limb alignment on the pelvis, hip, and knee kinematics in people with genu varum during stair walking. Methods: Forty subjects were enrolled in this study. People who had intercondylar distance ${\geq}4cm$ were classified in the genu varum group, and people who had intercondylar distance <4cm and intermalleolar distance <4cm were placed in the control group. 3D motion analysis was used to collect the pelvis, hip, and knee kinematic data while subjects were walking stairs with three steps. Results: During stair ascent, the genu varum group had decreased pelvic lateral tilt and hip adduction at the early stance phase and decreased pelvic lateral tilt at the swing phase compared to the control group. At the same time, they had decreased minimal hip adduction ROM at the early stance and decreased maximum pelvic lateral tilt ROM and minimum hip rotation ROM at the swing phase. During stair descent, the genu varum group had decreased pelvic lateral tilt at the early stance and decreased pelvic lateral tilt and pelvic rotation at the swing phase. In addition, they had decreased pelvic frontal ROM during single limb support and increased knee sagittal ROM during the whole gait cycle. Conclusion: This study suggests that a genu varum deformity could affect the pelvis, hip and knee kinematics. In addition, the biomechanical risk factors that could result in the articular impairments by the excessive loads from lower limb malalignment were identified.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.267-275
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• 2023

Background: Physical therapy (PT) plays an important role in the recovery of function following anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA). While several PT protocols have been published for these patients, there is no standardized protocol for aTSA rehabilitation. This lack of standardization may lead to confusion between patients and physicians, possibly resulting in suboptimal outcomes. This study examines how PT protocols provided by academic orthopedic surgery programs vary regarding therapeutic goals and activities following aTSA. Methods: PT protocols for aTSA available online from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education accredited orthopedic surgery programs were included for review. Each protocol was analyzed to evaluate it for differences in recommendation of length of immobilization, range of motion (ROM) goals, start time for and progression of therapeutic exercises, and timing for return to functional activity. Results: Of 175 accredited programs, 25 (14.2%) had protocols publicly available, programs (92%) recommended sling immobilization outside of therapy for an average of 4.4±2.0 weeks. Most protocols gave recommendations on starting active forward flexion (24 protocols, range 1-7 weeks), external rotation (22 protocols, range 1-7 weeks), and internal rotation (18 protocols, range 4-7 weeks). Full passive ROM was recommended at 10.8±5.7 weeks, and active ROM was 13.3±3.9 weeks, on average. ROM goals were inconsistent among protocols, with significant variations in recommended ROM and resistance exercise start times. Only 13 protocols (52%) gave recommendations on resuming recreational activities (mean, 17.4±4.4 weeks). Conclusions: Publicly available PT protocols for aTSA rehabilitation are highly variable. Level of evidence: IV.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.265-272
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• 2017

The Seoul Metropolitan Government and the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning(MSIP) are promoting the creation of "R & CD clusters" in the Yangje area as a base for future growth engines that will lead the fourth industry. The Yangje area has many large enterprise research institutes and ICT SMEs, and is located in the south part of Seoul and has geographical advantages such as traffic, education, and leisure life. As an initial research for the successful cluster of the Yangje area, quantitative analysis was carried out to identify the status of ICT SMEs in Yangje area using the Korean company information DB and contents of "Korea SMTp 2017 DVD ROM". Qualitative analysis conducted a questionnaire from December 8, 2016 to January 7, 2017 to investigate the R & D activities of ICT companies. Finally, implications for strengthening the R & D capacity of ICT firms in Yangjae area were derived.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.91-97
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• 2004

A digital over-sampling noise-shaping coder to achieve the processing accuracy for the audio signal bandwidth is designed. In order to implement an optimized design of the noise-shaping coder as a form of U (intellectual property), circuit design techniques that optimize the multiplication and the ROM architectures are proposed with emphasis on the low-voltage operation under 2.0 V and the minimization of the hardware resources. In the design and verification methodology, the overall architectures and the internal bit width have been determined through behavioral simulations. The overall performances including timing margin have been estimated through transistor-level simulations. Furthermore, the test results of the implemented chip using a 0.35-${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ standard CMOS process proposed the validity of the proposed circuits and the design methodology.