• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.233.3-234
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• 2002

SB31, an extract of Pulsatilla koreana, has been tried as an antitumor agent by traditional medicine pratitioner in Korea for the past 30 years, SB31 was evaluated for cytotoxic and antitumor activity against a variety of cancer cell lines. The SB31 exhibited 5-6 fold less cytotoxic activity against normal mononuclear cells (ED$\sub$50/. 1.1 mg/$m\ell$) than against cancer cell lines (ED$\sub$50/ 0.14-0.19mg/$m\ell$). (omitted)

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 2003

This study was performed to determine the cytotoxic effect of methanol extract from medicinal plants. 1. The cell viability was determined by MTT method. Their cytotoxic activities against three cancer cell lines such as A549, MDA-MB-231 and SNU-C4 cell line were tested. 2. Among them, The methanol extract of Saururus Ohinensis Bail showed the strongest cytotoxic effect against SNU-C4 cells. These results suggest that the methanol extract of Saururus Ohinensis Bail possessed a potential antitumorous agent. 3. The free radical scavenging activity using DPPH method was the strongest of Saururus Chinensis Bail extract.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.455-460
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• 1998

In the course of screening for new antitumor substances, a novel cytotoxic agent inducing apoptotic cell death was isolated from the culture broth of marine bacterial strain SCRC A-20. Strain SCRC A-20 was separated from a mollusk and was chemotaxonomically identified as a Streptomyces sp. The cytotoxic substance was purified by organic solvent extraction followed by silica gel column chromatography and preparative TLC. HRFAB-MS determined its molecular formula to be $C_{30}H_{40}N_2O_5$ (MW 508). The 1D and 2D NMR spectral data demonstrated that the substance has a novel lactam structure of a 20-membered macrocycle coupled with a unique acyl tetramine and bicyclo［3.3.0］ octane, which includes three methyl groups, six olefinic protons, five carbonyl groups, a conjugated diene and a dienone. The substance, named aburatubolactam C, appeared to be cytotoxic for various continuously proliferating tumor cells of human and murine origins. The $IC_{50}$ values determined by MIT assay were in the range of 0.3 to $5.8\mug/ml$. When Jurkat T cells were treated with $3\mug/ml$. of aburatubolactam C, the apoptotic DNA fragmentation was detectable within 3 h, indicating that the cytotoxic effect of aburatubolactam C on tumor cells is attributable to the induced apoptosis.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.612-617
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• 2012

The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of ovotransferrin were investigated in vitro. The antioxidant capacity of ovotransferrin was evaluated using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method, antimicrobial effects using the agar well diffusion method, and cytotoxicity using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthizol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylatetetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The DPPH radical-scavenging capacity of ovotransferrin at 1 mg/mL level reached approximately 60% after 48 h of reaction. The antimicrobial effects of ovotransferrin against common food-borne pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus KCCM 32395, Bacillus cereus KCCM 40935, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 15313, Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 43895, and Helicobacter pylori HpKCTC 26695 were dose dependant. Gram-positive bacteria was more sensitive to ovotransferrin than gram-negative bacteria. Ovotransferrin showed stronger antimicrobial effect against L. monocytogenes than other gram-positive bacteria tested. The cytotoxicity of ovotransferrin was evaluated in human cancer cell lines, various tissue origins, including the larynx (Hep-2), stomach (AGS), lung (SK-MES-1), liver (HepG2), breast (MCF-7), cervix (HeLa), and colon (HT-29). Ovotransferrin displayed relatively high cytotoxicity (${\leq}60%$ inhibition effects) at 40 mg/mL. At lower concentrations (${\leq}10mg/mL$), however, ovotransferrin cytotoxic effects were not significant in all cancer cell lines tested. These results indicated that ovotransferrin has potential to be used as an antioxidant or antimicrobial agent in foods or a pharmaceutical agent against cancers.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.211-213
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• 2001

A coumestan derivative, psoralidin (1) was found to be a cytotoxic principle of the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L (Leguminosae) with the IC_{50}$ values of 0.3 and 0.4 ug/ml against the HT-29 (colon) and MCF-7 (breast) human cancer cell lines, respectively. A coumarin, angelicin (2) was also isolated as a marginally cytotoxic agent along with an inactive compound, psoralene (3) from the plant. The isolates 1-3 were not active against the A54l(lung) and HepG2 (liver hepatoma) cancer cell lines.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.59-61
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• 2000

The cytotoxic activities of the methanol extracts of 44 plant species in 31 families against five human solid A549 (lung), SK-OV-2 (ovarian), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF-498 (central nervous system), and HCT-15 (colon) tumor cell lines were examined using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Responses varied with both cell line and plant species used. Potent cytotoxic activities ($ED_{50}$, <$40{\mu}g/ml$) against all model tumor cell lines were produced from the extracts of Rhus chinensis gall (Galla rhois), Betula platyphylla var. japonica bark, Inula helenium root, Cinnamomum cassia bark, Cinnamomum sieboldii root bark, Lysimachia davurica whole plant, and Evodia rutaecarpa fruit. These plants may be useful for developing new types of naturally occurring anti-tumor agents.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.347-352
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• 1994

Cytotoxic test was performed by SRB assay on human epidermoid carcinoma HEp-2 cell line for screening the soil microorganism, secreting anticancer agent. One microorganism was selected among two thousand microorganisms for its highest cytotoxicity. And this microorganism was identified with Streptomyces species after performing of diaminopimeric acid and reducing sugar analysis of cell wall and analysing the cultural characteristics and named Streptomyces sp. SM 1119. The effect of anticancer agent in SM 1119 culture extract on the cell cycle was studied by using GG$_{o}$ synchronized NIH 3T3 cells. The extract inhibited the serum stimulation of GG$_{o}$ NIH 3T3 cell only within 1 hour after serum stimulation but not after 6 hours. The extract also reduced the amount of c-myc mRNA in Colo 320 cell. These results suggest that the anticancer agent in the extract inhibits the progression of cell cycle very early stages, probably from G$_{0}$ to G$_{1}$.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4311-4317
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• 2014

Background: Nano-biotechnology is recognized as offering revolutionary changes in the field of cancer therapy and biologically synthesized gold nanoparticles are known to have a wide range of medical applications. Materials and Methods: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were biosynthesized with an aqueous extract of the red alga Corallina officinalis, used as a reducing and stabilizing agent. GNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis (EDX) and Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and tested for cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, considering their cytotoxicty and effects on cellular DNA. Results: The biosynthesized GNPs were $14.6{\pm}1nm$ in diameter. FT-IR analysis showed that the hydroxyl functional group from polyphenols and carbonyl group from proteins could assist in formation and stabilization. The GNPs showed potent cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells, causing necrosis at high concentrations while lower concentrations were without effect as indicated by DNA fragmentation assay. Conclusions: The antitumor activity of the biosynthesized GNPs from the red alga Corallina officinalis against human breast cancer cells may be due to the cytotoxic effects of the gold nanoparticles and the polyphenolcontent of the algal extract.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.133-136
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• 2002

GC-MS data on the volatile oil (CS-oil) of Chrysanthemum sibiricum herbs led to the identification of 2-methoxythioanisol, (+)-camphor, geraniol, citral, thymol, eugenol, ${\beta}-caryophyllene$ oxide, ${\beta}-caryophyllene$, ${\beta}-eudesmol$, juniper camphor together with an unknown substance using the mass spectral library and literature data. CS-oil exhibited significant cytotoxicities on HL-60 $(IC_{50}\;12.5\;{\mu}g/ml)$ cell and mild on HepG-2 cell $(IC_{50}\;102.4\;{\mu}g/ml)$, though the antioxidant ability was found not to be potent $(IC_{50}\;97.2\;{\mu}g/ml)$. However, the component eugenol showed potent antioxidant ability but mild cytotoxicity. Methyleugenol with no phenolic OH showed less potent cytotoxic and antioxidative properties than eugenol suggesting that phenolic OH plays an important role for the cytotoxic and antioxidant abilities. The oil-pretreatment prevented lipid peroxidation induced by bromobenzene in the rat. Therefore, it was demonstrated that CS-oil could be a cytotoxic agent with antioxidant properties.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.332-337
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• 2016

Paraformaldehyde has been used in the past as a pulpotomy agent. However, it has a severe cytotoxic effect and may cause alveolar bone necrosis. Depulpin, a devitalizing agent containing 49% paraformaldehyde, is no longer used frequently due to its severe side effects. In the two cases described in the present study, Depulpin was used as a devitalizing agent during root canal treatment. It caused a gradual loss of sensibility in adjacent teeth, gingival necrosis, and osteomyelitis. This case report demonstrates the serious side effects of using a paraformaldehyde-containing paste as a devitalizing agent for pulp, particularly mandibular bone necrosis.