• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.840-844
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• 2004

A triterpene was isolated as a cytotoxic principle from the dichloromethane extract of Korean mistletoe (KM； Viscum album colora turn) by repeated silica gel chromatography and recrystalli-zation. In in vitro analysis of cytotoxic activity using various human and murine tumor cell lines, the dichloromethane extract of KM was highly cytotoxic against these cells. We isolated the most active compound, referred to VD-3, from the dichloromethane extract of KM. The VD-3 was shown to be less cytotoxic to normal cells (murine splenocytes). From the identification of the chemical structure of VD-3 by spectral data and chemical synthesis, the compound was proven to be epi-oleanolic acid. Tumor cells treated with VD-3 showed a typical pattern of apo-ptotic cell death, such as apparent morphological changes and DNA fragmentation. These results indicate that epi-oleanolic acid is an important compound responsible for antitumor activity of KM.

• 약학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.462-467
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• 1996

Forsythiae Fructus was studied on cytotoxic activities for the purpose of finding out active consituents against L1210 and HL60 cells. To isolate the active ones, the methanolic extract was partitioned into water insoluble and water soluble fractions. Furthermore, the water soluble fraction was fractionated into four parts, n-hexane, benzene, ethylacetate and water fractions. Among these, the water insoluble fraction showed the most potent cytotoxic activities on L1210 and HL60 cells in vitro. The water insoluble fraction was applied to silica gel column chromatography and divided into 5 fractions(fr. 1-5). The active constituents I and II were isolated from fr.2 and 3, respectively, by repeated silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization. The constituents were identified as 3${\beta}$-acetylbetulinic acid and betulinic acid by means of physicochemical data. The $ED_{50}$ values of 3${\beta}$-acetylbetulinic acid and betulinic acid were 9.10 and 16.43${\mu}g$/ml against L1210 cells and 2.72 and 2.41${\mu}g$/ml against HL60 cells, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.4311-4317
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• 2014

Background: Nano-biotechnology is recognized as offering revolutionary changes in the field of cancer therapy and biologically synthesized gold nanoparticles are known to have a wide range of medical applications. Materials and Methods: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were biosynthesized with an aqueous extract of the red alga Corallina officinalis, used as a reducing and stabilizing agent. GNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis (EDX) and Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and tested for cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, considering their cytotoxicty and effects on cellular DNA. Results: The biosynthesized GNPs were $14.6{\pm}1nm$ in diameter. FT-IR analysis showed that the hydroxyl functional group from polyphenols and carbonyl group from proteins could assist in formation and stabilization. The GNPs showed potent cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells, causing necrosis at high concentrations while lower concentrations were without effect as indicated by DNA fragmentation assay. Conclusions: The antitumor activity of the biosynthesized GNPs from the red alga Corallina officinalis against human breast cancer cells may be due to the cytotoxic effects of the gold nanoparticles and the polyphenolcontent of the algal extract.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2007

The ethanol extract of leaves of the mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum Blanco (Myrsinaceae) was screened for its antinociceptive, antidiarrhoeal and cytotoxic activities. The extract produced significant writhing inhibition in acetic acid-induced writhing in mice at the oral dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (P < 0.001), which was comparable to the standard drug diclofenac sodium at the dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight. When tested for its antidiarrhoeal effects on castor oil induced diarrhoea in mice, it increased mean latent period and decreased the frequency of defecation significantly at the oral dose of 500 mg/kg body weight (P<0.05; P<0.01) comparable to the standard drug loperamide at the dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight. Moreover, when tested for toxicity using brine shrimp, the extract showed potent activity against the brine shrimp Artemia salina ($LC_{50}$ 10 mg/ml). The overall results tend to suggest the antinociceptive, antidiarrhoeal and cytotoxic activities of the extract.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2007

We undertook the present study to evaluate different pharmacological as antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of the crude ethanolic extract of the stem bark of Holarhena antidysenterica (Family: Apocynaceae). The antioxidant property of the extract was assessed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical scavenging assay. The extract showed antioxidant activity ($IC_{50}$ about ${\sim}08$ ${\mu}g/ml$), which was comparable to standard drug ascorbic acid ($IC_{50}$ about ${\sim}10$ ${\mu}g/ml$). The extract showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against all tested gram positive and gram negative bacteria most prominent against Enterococci, Staphylococcus pyogenase and Shigella sonnie. And the zones of inhibitions were ranging from 10 - 21 mm for all the tested bacteria. Its cytotoxic property was evaluated by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The extract showed significant lethality and the $LC_{50}$, $LC_{90}$ values were 80 ${\mu}g/ml$, 320 ${\mu}g/ml$ respectively. The results tend to suggest that the extract might possess chemical constituent(s) that are responsible for antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.3405-3410
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• 2011

We have investigated the cytotoxic potential of tellurium (Te) nanowires in BALB/3T3 fibroblast cells. Te nanowires were synthesized through an aqueous phase surfactant assisted method. Toxicological experiments, such as analysis of morphological changes, MTT assay, DAPI staining, and estimation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, were carried out to reveal the cytotoxic effects of Te nanowires. Te nanowires were found to be cytotoxic at all concentrations tested, in a dose-dependent manner. The UV/Vis spectra of Te nanowires suspended in a culture medium showed drastic changes and disappearance of two broad absorption peaks. The physicochemical properties such as, surface charge, size, and shape of Te nanowires were found to be altered during exposure of cells, due to the instability and agglomeration of nanowires in the culture medium. These results suggest that the chemical components of the DMEM medium significantly affect the stability of Te nanowires. In addition, TEM images revealed that necrosis was the basic pattern of cell death, which might stem from the formation of toxic moieties of tellurium, released from nanowire structures, in the bioenvironment. These observations thus suggest that Te nanomaterials may pose potential risks to environmental and human health.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.889-895
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• 2006

Cytotoxic effects of extracts from Tremella fuciformis strain FB001 were evaluated on the DLD-1 human colon adenocarcinoma cell line and the content of polyphenolic compounds in the extracts were analyzed. Hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate subfractions (experimental setting I) exhibited cytotoxic effects on the human colon adenocarcinoma DLD-1 cell line with $IC_{50}$ values of 350, 400, and 450 ppm, respectively. When T. fuciformis was extracted sequentially with ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and ethanol (experimental setting II), the ether extract demonstrated potent cytotoxicity with an $IC_{50}$ value of 150 ppm, followed by ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions. If the first extraction solvent was chloroform instead of ether (experimental setting III), exposure of the cell line to chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ether extracts at 1,000 ppm led to cell death. High levels of phenolic compounds were estimated for all hydrophobic extracts, which exhibited cytotoxic effects. We propose that this useful information gives additional support to our understanding of the biology and utility of this particular mushroom.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1053-1056
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• 2005

Cytotoxic activitiy of seven hederagenin saponins isolated from the root of Dipsacus asper were investigated in vitro against L1210, HL-60 and SK-OV-3 tumor cell lines by the MTT method. $3-O-\alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}2)-\alpha-L -arabinopyranosyl$ hederagenin (2),\;$3-O-\beta-D­xylopyranosyl-( 1{\rightarrow}3)-\alpha-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}2)-\alpha-L -arabinopyranosyl$ hederagenin (6) and $3-O-\beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}3)-\alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-( 1{\rightarrow}2)-\alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl$ hederagenin (7) exhibited the potent cytotoxicity against the three tumor cell lines with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 4.7 to 8.7 ${\mu}g/mL$, with the exception of compound 7, which exhibited weak cytotoxic activity against SK-OV-3 $(IC_{50}\;22.5\;{\mu}g/mL)$. Other compounds did not exhibit any cytotoxic activity $(IC_{50}>30{\mu}g/mL)$.

• 약학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.117-121
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• 2004

Ranunculin, a potent cytotoxic component of P. koreana, was synthesized by reacting (s)-(-)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2(5H)-furanone with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-$\alpha$-D-glucopyranosyl bromide and successive removal of the acetyl protecting group by 0.5 M HCl/MeOH. A new deacetylation process of the intermediate tetraacetylranunculin was deviced giving a yield of 83% of ranunculin. Protoanemonin, the cytotoxic structural moiety of ranunculin, was synthesized by dehydration of (s)-(-)-5-hydroxymethyl-2(5H)-furanone. Ranunculin showed a moderate cytototoxic activity against A-549 (ED$_{50}$=7.53 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$), NIH3T (ED$_{50}$=13.6$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$), and SK-OV-3 (ED$_{50}$=17.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$). Meanwhile, protoanemonin also exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against A-549 (ED$_{50}$=9.38 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$), NIH3T (ED$_{50}$=13.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$), and SK-OV-3 (ED$_{50}$=15.1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$). It was found that both of the synthetic products showed a potenter cytotoxicity against A-549.ainst A-549.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.379-386
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• 2009

The antimutagenic and cytotoxic activities of ethanol and water extracts from Rubus coreanum were investigated in this study. Their antimutagenic activities were measured by the Ames test and their cytotoxic activities were evaluated by the growth inhibition of cancer cells via the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. In the results, the inhibition rates of the ethanol and water extracts toward mutagenicity induced by 4-NQO were 95.0% and 93.6% at 5 mg/plate, respectively, while their inhibition rates against mutagenicity induced by sodium azide were 27.2% and 40.8%, respectively. According to MTT assay, the cytotoxicity values of the ethanol extract against Hep3B and HeLa cells were 67.2% and 68.5%, respectively, and the values for the water extract were 65.8% and 66.4%, respectively. In the SRB assay, the ethanol and water extracts inhibited over 60% of cancer cell growth. In conclusion, both the ethanol and water extracts of Rubus coreanum offer potentially good antimutagenic and anticancer effects.