• Toxicological Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2011

We demonstrate that glycoprotein isolated from Dioscorea batatas (GDB) activates macrophage function. Analysis of the infiltration of macrophages into peritoneal cavity showed GDB treatment significantly increased the recruitment of macrophages into the peritoneal cavity. In order to further confirm and investigate the mechanism of GDB on macrophage activation, we analyzed the effects of GDB on the cytokine expression including IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IL-6 in mouse peritoneal macrophages. GDB increased the expression of IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IL-6. Cytokine induction by GDB was further confirmed by RT-PCR and ELISA in mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 cells. Treatment of RAW264.7 cells with GDB produced strong induction of NF-${\kappa}B$ DNA binding and MAPK phosphorylation, markers for macrophage activation and important factors for cytokine gene expression. Collectively, this series of experiments indicates that GDB stimulates macrophage activation.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.515-520
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• 2002

연구목적 : Cytokine은 유해 미생물에 대한 숙주의 방어기전으로서의 염증반응에서 숙주세포 상호간의 작용을 매개해 주는 역할을 하며, 치수조직에서도 그 존재가 확인된 바 있다. Interleukin-6와 Interleukin-10은 염증의 초기에 작용하는 cytokine으로 알려져 있으나, 치수 및 치근단 질환에서의 역할과 상호작용에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 성인의 치수염이 있는 치아에서 Interleukin-6와 Interleukin-10의 농도를 측정하고 이를 정상 치수와 비교함으로써 이들의 치수염에서의 작용을 연구하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 방법 : 총 60개의 성인 치아들을 대상으로 하였다. 치수염으로 진단된 치아들을 실험군으로 하였고, 정상 치수를 가진 치아들을 대조군으로 하였다. 발치한 치아에서 치수조직을 적출하였다. ELISA를 사용하여 적출된 치수조직 내의 Interleukin-6와 Interleukin-10의 양을 측정하였으며, 그 결과를 Mann-Whitney rank sum test를 사용하여 통계학적 유의성을 검증하였다. 조직학적 검사를 위해서는 발치된 치아에서 치수조직을 적출하여 헤마톡실린-에오신 염색을 시행한 후 관찰하였다. 결과 : 1. Interleukin-6의 농도는 실험군에서 대조군보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 2. Interleukin-10의 농도는 실험군에서 대조군보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 3. 조직학적 관찰 결과 실험군에서 림프구의 침윤과 부분적인 조직의 괴사 등 염증반응의 양상을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.510-514
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• 2017

질경이 열수 추출물 첨가가 마이스의 면역세포 증식 미치는 영향에 대한 연구 결과, 음의 대조군에 비해 질경이 열수추출물을 첨가한 경우 모든 농도에서 비장세포 활성이 높게 나타났으며, 특히 $250{\sim}500{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 한편, 대식세포 활성화로 유도된 cytokine 분비량 $IFN-{\gamma}$, IL-2, $TNF-{\alpha}$ cytokine측정 결과, IL-2는 유의성을 보이지 않았으나, $IFN-{\gamma}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$ 모두 $250{\sim}500{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 유의적인 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 이상의 나타난 결과로 질경이 열수 추출물이 마이스 비장세포 생성을 유도하고, cytokine 분비량에도 영향을 줄 것으로 보여 진다. 따라서 질경이 물 추출물이 면역 기관과 면역세포를 자극하여 면역능 증가에 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1176-1183
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• 2015

Ulmus macrocarpa 자양강장 및 생리활성 물질로 이용되어 왔다. U, macrocarpa 열수 추출물(UMWE)이 일반적인 세포배양 조건에서 비장세포 수명연장에 미치는 효과에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 100 μg/ml UMWE를 비장세포에 처리하여 실험을 진행하였다. 살아있는 세포확인은 Hoechst 33342 염색법과 세포생존관련 인자의 변화는 Western blot으로 확인하였다. 사이토카인 변화는 ELISA로 검증하였다. UMWE는 비장세포에 대하여 향상된 세포 생존력을 보였다. UMWE를 48시간과 96시간째 처리된 비장세포의 PI3K 및 ERK1/2의 인산화를 증가시켰다. 더욱이, 48시간과 96시간때에 Bcl-2의 발현량도 증가하였다. 반면, UMWE는 48시간과 96시간에 caspase-3의 활성이 줄어들었다. ICAD 단백질은 48시간에 증가하였다. UMWE는 조혈 및 세포생존력에 영향을 미치는 IL-2 cytokine량은 줄었지만 반면, IL-4 hematopoietin cytokine의 양은 증가하였다. UMWE는 48시간과 96시간에 증가된 IFN-γ level을 나타내었고 IL-12의 경우는 증가패턴을 보이는 효과를 발휘하였다. 이러한 결과는 UMWE가 다양한 신호전달 및 사이토카인 조절을 통해 비장세포 수명연장을 할 수 있다는 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.46-58
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• 2004

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of Injinchunggan-tang(Yinchenqinggan-tang) on the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes and proteins in kupffer cells. Materials and Methods : The mRNA expression level and protein secretion level were measured using quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA assay respectively in Injinchunggan-tang-treated and untreated kupffer cells after exposed to ethanol, acetaldehyde and lipopolysaccharide. Results : Injinchunggan-tang(Yinchenqinggan-tang) reduced mRNA expression level and protein secretion level of $TNF-{\alpha},\;TGF-{\beta}1,\;IL-1{\beta},\;IL-6,\;IL-8$ that are induced by ethanol, acetaldehyde and lipopolysaccharide in kupffer cells and that mediate inflammation and fibrosis of liver. Conclusion : The result indicates that Injinchunggan-tang (Yinchenqinggan-tang) blocks alcohol-induced liver injury and protects liver by reducing production of inflammatory cytokines.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2001

Objective : The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Injinchunggan-tang on Hepatitis C virus infection, and to clarify the mechanism of treatment by indentifying the effect of Injinchunggan-tang on cytokine secretion. Methods : In vitro model of HCV infection in MOLT 4 cell was used. The effect of Injinchunggan-tang on the attachment of HCV on MOLT 4 cell was studied by PCR method. The change of cytokine secretion according to Injinchunggan-tang treatment was investigated by ELISA. Results : Injinchunggan-tang inhibited the attachment of HCV on MOLT 4 in the concentration of $10-2{\mu\textrm{g}}/\mu\textrm{\ell}$ and $10-1{\mu\textrm{g}}/\mu\textrm{\ell}$. In cytokine assay, Injinchunggan-tang increased the secretion of IL-4 of mouse splenocytes and PBMC in 48 hour culture as well as the secretion of IL-12 of mouse splenocytes and PBMC in 48 hour culture, whereas it decreased the secretion of $IFN-{\gamma}$ of mouse splenocytes in 24 and 48 hour culture. Conclusion : The results of this study show that Injinchunggan-tang has an inhibitory effect on the attachment on HCV on Mo1t4 Cell, and that it increases the secretion of IL-4 and IL-12 of mouse splenocyte and PBMC.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2010

Acorns have been used as a traditional remed as well as food source. However, few studies on their immunomodulating effects have been reported. In this study, the combined immunomodulative effect of a water extract of acorns was tested on seven to eight weeks old mice(balb/c). The mice were fed ad libitum on a chow diet, and a water extract of the plant mixture was orally administered every other day for four weeks at two different concentrations(50 and 500 mg/kg B.W.). The production of cytokine(IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-2, IL-10, IFN-$\gamma$), secreted by macrophages stimulated with LPS or not, detected by ELISA assay using cytokine kit. After 48 h of incubation with mitogen(ConA or LPS) ex vivo study showed that cytokine (IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-2, IL-10, IFN-$\gamma$) was detected in both of the 50 and 500 mg/kg B.W. supplementation groups with LPS stimulation. The results of this study may suggest that supplementation with acorn water extract increase immune function by regulating cytokine production capacity by activated macrophages.

• 약학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.474-480
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to define whether Asterina pectinifera Lectin (APL) is effective on the cytokine production. Isolated mRNA from hPBMC (human peripheral blood mononuclear cells) stimulated with APL for various reaction times (1 to 96 hours) was detected by RT-PCR. The intensity of band for IL-1 and $IFN{\gamma}$ mRNA was markedly increased at l hour, and IL-2 mRNA was strongly expressed at 4 hours. The mRNA band of APL-induced IL-2 and $IFN{\gamma}$ was weaker than that of IL-1, IL-6 and $TNF{\alpha}$. The mRNA expression of 4 cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, $IFN{\gamma}$ and $TNF{\alpha}$) was detected up to 48 hours, and that of IL-6 was detected until 72 hours. ELISA was used to look protein secretion of the cytokine gene with IL-1, IL-2 and TNF$\alpha$expressed strongly in RT-PCR. The highest protein secretion was at 4 hours with IL-1, at 8 hours with IL-2 and at 4 hours with $TNF{\alpha}$. These results suggest that APL can induce the production of some cytokines and the immune response from PBMC was done within the first few hours of stimulation with APL.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.162-170
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• 2000

Purpose : Studies on the Regulatory Effect of Cytokine Production in Taumin Patients with Cerebral Infarction by Cheongsimyeonjatang Method : ELISA(enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay) Result : Chungsimyeunjatang(CYT) is a prescription for the cerebral infarction (CI) patients of Taeumin according to Sasang constitution philosophy. Taeumin patients with CI were treated with CYT during the acute stage. Clinical signs of CI disappeared markedly in about two to four weeks after oral administration of CYT in all patients. The mean interleukin (IL)-2 plasma levels were slightly lower in the patients with CI than in the normal groups, whereas the mean IL-4, IL-6 and IgE levels were significantly higher in the patients. There were no significant differences in $interferon-{\gamma}$ $(IFN-{\gamma})$ levels between the groups. Serum $IFN-{\gamma}$ and IL-2 levels derived from T helper (Th)1 cells were elevated significantly in the patients with CI by CYT administration. Significant reduced plasma levels of IL-4 and IL-6 derived from Th2 cells and IgE were observed in the patients treated with CYT. During the period of CYT administration, there were no other adverse effects. The data indicate that CYT has a good CI treatment effect, and that its action may be due to regulation of cytokine Production.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2000

1. Purpose This studies the regulatory effect of cytokine production in Soyangin patients with cerebral infarction by Yangkyuksanhwatang. 2 Method ELISA 3. Result & Conclusion Yangkyuksanhwatang(YST) is a prescription for the cerebral infarction (CI) patients of Soyangin according to Sasang constitution philosophy. Soyangin patients with CI were treated with YST during the acute stage. Clinical signs of CI disappeared markedly in about 2 to 4 weeks after oral administration of YST in all patients. The mean interleukin (IL)-2 plasma levels were slightly lower in the patients with CI than in the normal groups, whereas the mean IL-4, IL-6 and IgE levels were significantly higher in the patients. There were no significant differences in interferon- ${\gamma}$ (IFN- ${\gamma}$ ) levels between the groups. Serum IFN- ${\gamma}$ and IL-2 levels derived from T helper (Th)1 cells were elevated significantly in the patients with CI by YST administration. Significant reduced plasma levels of IL-4 and IL-6 derived from Th2 cells and IgE were observed in the patients treated with YST. During the period of YST administration, there were no other adverse effects. The data indicate that YST has a good CI treatment effect, and that its action may be due to regulation of cytokine production.