• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제52권5호
• /
• pp.995-1001
• /
• 2020

With the development of digital instrumentation and control (I&C) devices, cyber security at nuclear power plants (NPPs) has become a hot issue. The Stuxnet, which destroyed Iran's uranium enrichment facility in 2010, suggests that NPPs could even lead to an accident involving the release of radioactive materials cyber-attacks. However, cyber security research on industrial control systems (ICSs) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems is relatively inadequate compared to information technology (IT) and further it is difficult to study cyber-attack taxonomy for NPPs considering the characteristics of ICSs. The advanced research of cyber-attack taxonomy does not reflect the architectural and inherent characteristics of NPPs and lacks a systematic countermeasure strategy. Therefore, it is necessary to more systematically check the consistency of operators and regulators related to cyber security, as in regulatory guide 5.71 (RG.5.71) and regulatory standard 015 (RS.015). For this reason, this paper attempts to suggest a template for cyber-attack taxonomy based on the characteristics of NPPs and exemplifies a specific cyber-attack case in the template. In addition, this paper proposes a systematic countermeasure strategy by matching the countermeasure with critical digital assets (CDAs). The cyber-attack cases investigated using the proposed cyber-attack taxonomy can be used as data for evaluation and validation of cyber security conformance for digital devices to be applied, and as effective prevention and mitigation for cyber-attacks of NPPs.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.449-460
• /
• 2008

본 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사이버가정학습 학습 동기는 사이버가정학습 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 사이버가정학습 콘텐츠의 사용 용이성은 사이버가정학습 태도에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 사이버가정학습 콘텐츠의 유용성은 사이버가정학습 태도에 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 사이버가정학습 콘텐츠의 품질은 사이버가정학습 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 사이버가정학습 태도가 긍정적일수록 학습 성과는 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.209-216
• /
• 2005

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of web-based cyber instruction on EFL learning from the viewpoint of learners` perceptions and needs. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey that was carried out with 709 undergraduate student enrolled in three cyber English courses offered at N university during the secind semester in 2004. The results of the study indicated that the learners exhibited a positive attitude towards web-based cyber instruction and considered it a paper educational method in the cyber age. However, the students perceived that web-based cyber instruction was not greatly satisfactory in terms of cultivating their English communicative competence or improving the language skills they needed. It was also found that cyber instruction was still teacher-dominant, lacking in interaction, which made the students passive recipients of informaton presented. In comparison with off-line instruction, cyber instruction was not particularly better in enhancing their motivation interest or concentration on class. To be more effective, cyber instruction needs to be equipped not only with a large variety of contents and class activities, but also with more exposure to authentic language by native English speakers. The finding of the investigation yield some implications for the design and development of web-based cyber EFL programs.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제24권11호
• /
• pp.1560-1566
• /
• 2021

Cyber Sickness, which occurs when using Virtual Reality contents, is the most serious problem in immersive Virtual Reality contents. The purpose of this study is to identify the effects and causes of graphic environmental factors on Cyber Sickness in Virtual Reality contents. To this end, cyber sickness experiments were conducted according to the light source and material settings, which are most commonly used in graphical environmental elements. Cyber Sickness measurements were based on the Simulator Sickness Question(SSQ) tool to derive an index that causes Cyber Sickness As a result of the analysis, the smaller the surface roughness, the higher the degree of Cyber Sickness, and the smaller the surface roughness, the smoother the surface of the 3D object, and many specular reflections from the light source occurred, which was confirmed to be the cause of great Cyber Sickness.

• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국산업정보학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.41-44
• /
• 2003

평생 교육이 화두가 되는 현대 기술 및 지식정보화 사회에서, 사회인이 재교육 등을 위하여 전통적인 교육의 형태로 재교육을 받는 것은 쉬운 일이 아니다. 전통적인 교육 형태가 제공하지 못하는 교육의 기회를 현재 널리 응용되고 있는 Cyber 강의가 줄 수는 있지만, 실험 실습 등이 요구되는 산업체 기술 교육을 위한 Cyber 강의는 일반적인 이론 강의를 위한 Cyber 강의에 비하여 새로운 제작 방법 등이 요구되어진다. 본 논문은 산업체 기술 교육을 위한 Cyber강의 제작 방법을 제안하고 실제 구현을 통하여 그 활성화 방법을 보이고자 한다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국멀티미디어학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표대회논문집
• /
• pp.733-736
• /
• 2004

Cyber 대학의 활성화에 따른 연구는 강의 교재의 개발 등 효과적인 학습법 개발에 치중되고 있다. 하지만 Cyber 대학의 성패를 좌우할 수 있는 또 다른 주요 요소는 행정적인 뒷받침이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 Cyber 대학의 행정시스템을 설계 구현하였다. 특히 Cyber대학에서 필요로 하는 멀티미디어 문서를 효율적으로 관리하고 프리젠테이션 할 수 있는 XML문서관리시스템을 계층구조로 구성하였다. 전체 구성도는 XML을 기반으로 한 문서생성, 저장, 검색시스템으로 구성하였으며, 사용자측 구성에서는 문서의 등록, 수정 삭제를 수행하는 문서작성과 검색을 주요 기능으로 하는 일반사용자로 구성하였다. 연구자가 제안한 본 논문의 행정시스템 구현 환경에서는 문서를 등록하고 결재 및 열람하는 사용자로 구현하였다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2017

In recent years, cyber terror that break into major institution's information system and destroy and paralyzed important information occurs frequently. Some countries do dangerous acts such as train hackers and order hackers to hack important industrial confidential documents which are core of national competitiveness to reduce the competitiveness of the country and cause social confusion. In this thesis, it will study problems of cyber terror to help people to use Internet in web environment that safe from cyber terror and to avoid the risk from cyber terror such as malware and DDos. This thesis is organized as following. In second chapter, it will look thorough the research that are related to cyber terror. In third chapter, it will study attack types of cyber terror. In fourth chapter, to defend from cyber violence, it will suggest safe solution. In fifth chapter, it will end with conclusion. Finally, to prevent urgent incidents like North Korean Cyber-attack, every Internet user must indicate their recognition on Internet security and it is significant to make a quick response treatment to create the safe online environment.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제27권11호
• /
• pp.1229-1240
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to review such results of the scientific and technological development as women's changed status, sexual identity and their views of physique in the cyber space based on cyber feminists' theories, and thereby, examine the concept of space during the medieval age, and then, the fundamental spiritual concept involving the fetishism of women's body as sexual objects in the materialistic space of the digital age in terms of the consciousness of trend or supra-sensual perceptions, and thereby, review the effect of the cyber terrorism and violence on the fashion in sub-cultural terms. Some researchers distinguish psychedelic styles from cyberdelic ones to assume such psychiatric visions as psychedelic fashion characterized by resistance and delinquency-cyber punk fashion, cyber hippie fashion, cyborg fashion- and then, define them all as cyber resistant culture fashion or as a sub-cultural style of the cyber culture. As a result, it was found that human bodies are being encoded with the networks, various cyber characters or avatars are emerging, while human bodies are being distorted or exaggerated with human beings and machines being imploded.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.37-47
• /
• 2020

The In the 4^th industrial revolution, cyber space will evolve into hyper-connectivity, super-convergence, and super-intelligence due to the development of advanced information and communication technologies, which will connect the nation's core infrastructure into a single network. As applying the 4^th industrial revolution technology to the cyber attack technique, it is evolving in an intelligent and sophisticate method. In order to response intelligent cyber attacks, it is difficult to guarantee self-defense in cyberspace by policy-oriented, preplanned-centric and hierarchical cyber response strategies. Therefore, this research aims to propose a situation-flexible & action-oriented cyber response mechanism that can respond flexibly by selecting the most optimal smart security solution according to changes in the cyber attack steps. The proposed cyber response mechanism operates the smart security solutions according to the action-oriented detailed strategies. In addition, artificial intelligence-based decision-making systems are used to select the smart security technology with the best responsiveness.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2016

The followings are required to establish uniform principle of criminal jurisdiction for international cyber crime into customary international law; (1) clear guideline of UN for promoting national practice (2) formation of general practices based on these guidelines (3) these general practices should obtain legal confidence. International society is in close cooperation for investigating and controlling cyber threat. The US FBI has closed down the largest online crime space called 'Darkcode' and prosecuted related hackers based on joint investigation with 19 countries including England, Australia, Canada, Bosnia, Croatia, Israel, and Rumania. More and more people in Korea are raising their voices for joining cyber crime treaty, 'Budapest Treaty.' Budapest Treaty is the first international treaty prosecuting cyber crime by setting out detailed regulations on internet criminal act. Member countries have installed hotline for cyber crime and they act together. Except European countries, America, Canada, and Japan have joined the treaty. In case of Korea, from few years before, it is reviewing joining with Ministry of Foreign affairs, Ministry of Justice and the National Police but haven't made any conclusion. Different from offline crime, cyber crime is planned in advance and happens regardless of border. Therefore, international cooperation based on position of punishing criminals and international standards. Joining of Budapest international cyber crime treaty shall be done as soon as possible for enhancing national competence.