• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.1338-1345
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• 2009

Although rock excavation is necessary for the effective utilization of urban space, most conventional rock excavation methods, including the blasting method, cause high noise and vibration. Meanwhile, if a high pressure waterjet system is applied to excavate underground spaces in urban areas, the public grievance can be reduced by low noise and vibration. In this study, an abrasive waterjet system is designed and developed to study the influence of various performance parameters such as jet pressure, nozzle traverse speed, stand-off distance, or abrasive feed rate on waterjet excavation performance in laboratory. Using the developed waterjet system, rock drilling characteristics are identified by measuring drilling depths as a function of the jet exposure time. The drilling depth linearly increases with increasing the jet exposure time(under 60sec). Rock cutting characteristics are also obtained with various jet pressures(1600~3200kg/$cm^2$) and nozzle traverse speeds(1.9~14.1mm/s): The cutting depth is nonlinearly related to the jet pressure and traverse speed. Indeed, the cutting depth increases with an increase in the jet pressure and a decrease in the nozzle traverse speed. This trend can be explained by energy transferring/loss mechanism.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.573-584
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 로드헤더 커팅헤드 설계의 기본 사항인 절삭조건에 따른 커터작용력의 변화를 살펴보는 기초 연구를 진행하기 위하여 연암 및 보통암을 대상으로 하는 슬림 코니컬커터를 사용하여 받음각과 커터관입깊이, 커터간격의 조건에 따른 선형절삭시험을 수행하였다. 각 시험조건에서 커터작용력인 연직력, 절삭력, 구동력을 측정하였고 그 측정결과의 평균값을 사용하여 분석을 실시하였다. S/d비와 비에너지의 관계, 관입깊이와 비에너지의 관계, S/d비와 커터작용력의 관계로부터 받음각이 $50^{\circ}$, 커터간격이 12 mm, 커터관입깊이가 9 mm인 조건이 모르타르시험체에 대한 최적의 절삭조건임을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 받음각이 $50^{\circ}$인 경우가 $45^{\circ}$인 경우에 비해 장비사양 설계를 위해 더 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.227-236
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• 2022

The microblade cutting method, so-called SAICAS, is widely used to quantify the adhesion of battery composite electrodes at different depths. However, as the electrode thickness or loading increases, the reliability of adhesion values measured by the conventional method is being called into question more frequently. Thus, herein, a few underestimated parameters, such as friction, deformation energy, side-area effect, and actual peeing area, are carefully revisited with ultrathick composite electrodes of 135 ㎛ (6 mAh cm^-2). Among them, the existence of side areas and the change in actual peeling area are found to have a significant influence on measured horizontal forces. Thus, especially for ultrahigh electrodes, we can devise a new SAICAS measurement standard: 1) the side-area should be precut and 2) the same actual peeling area must be secured for obtaining reliable adhesion at different depths. This guideline will practically help design more robust composite electrodes for high-energy-density batteries.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제39권9호
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• pp.839-849
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• 2015

본 논문은 밀링가공에서 측정되는 절삭력 진동을 분석함으로써 가공조건을 모니터링하는 실험적 기술을 다룬다. 이 기술은 앞서 보고된 절삭력 진동의 이송속도 및 절삭깊이와의 관계에 근거한다. 측정 시스템은 동적 힘 센서와 신호 증폭기로 구성되고, 분석 시스템은 오실로스코프와 LabVIEW 프로그램을 갖춘 컴퓨터를 포함한다. 가공조건 중 회전속도를 일정하게 하고 이송속도와 절삭깊이를 변화시키며 실험하였다. 절삭날 수와 회전 진동수의 곱에 해당하는 절삭력 진동 성분의 크기가 가공조건과 선형으로 관계되었다. 이로써 이송속도와 절삭깊이 중 한 가지 가공조건을 알 때 절삭력 진동 분석을 통해 다른 한 가지 가공조건을 확인할 수 있다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.249-263
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• 2022

The specially-shaped Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) cutter is widely used in drill bit design due to its advantages of high rock cutting efficiency, strong impact resistance and long service life in hard and abrasive formation drilling. A detailed understanding of rock cutting behavior of worn specially-shaped PDC cutter is essential to improve the drilling efficiency and decrease the drilling costs. In this paper, the theoretical models of two new principles (loading performance (LP) and cutting performance (CP)) are derived for evaluating the cutting process of worn specially-shaped cutter, the theoretical models consider the factors, such as cutter geometry, aggressiveness, stress state, working life, and rock cutting efficiency. Besides, the numerical model of heterogeneous granite is developed using finite element method combined with Voronoi tessellation, the LP and CP of 12 kinds of worn specially-shaped PDC (SPDC) cutters are analyzed. The results found that the mechanical specific energy (MSE) of worn cutters first increase and then decrease with increasing the cutting depth, and the MSE increase with the increase of back rake angle except for Conical cutter and Wedge-shaped cutter. From the perspective of CP, the worn PDC cutters are more suitable for the smaller cutting depths, and the back rake angle has little effect on the CP of the specially-shaped worn PDC cutters. Conical cutter, Saddle-shaped cutter and Ellipse-shaped cutter have the highest CP value, while Rhombus-shaped cutter, Convex cutter and Wedge-shaped cutter have the lowest value in selecting cutters. This research leads to an enhanced understanding of rock-breaking mechanisms of worn SPDC cutters, and provides the basis to select of specially-shaped PDC cutters for the specific target formation.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2022

Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) has excellent mechanical properties and high specific strength; therefore, it is widely used in aerospace, automobile, defense, engine parts, and bio fields. Particularly in the aerospace field, as it has a low specific gravity and rigidity, it is used for the purpose of increasing energy efficiency through weight reduction of parts, and most have a thin-walled structure. However, it is extremely difficult to machine thin-walled shapes owing to vibration and deformation. In the case of thin-walled structures, the cutting forces and vibrations rapidly increase depending on the cutting conditions, significantly affecting the surface integrity and tool life. In this study, machining experiments on thin-wall milling of a titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) were conducted for each experimental condition with different axial depths of cut, radial depth of cut, and machining sequence. The machining characteristics were analyzed, and an effective machining method was derived by a comprehensive analysis of the machined surface conditions and cutting signals.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제88권4호
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• pp.438-445
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• 1999

벌채수준 및 시료 채취시기에 따른 토양수내 이온농도 변화를 알아보기 위해 전라남도 곡성군에 위치한 성숙한 리기다소나무조림지를 대상으로 4개의 벌채처리구(무벌채구, $6m{\times}50m$, $10m{\times}50m$, $20m{\times}50m$ 대상개별처리구)를 설치하고 zero tension lysimeter를 이용하여 98년 6월 20일부터 8월 4일까지 6주동안 3차례 (7월 6일, 7월 30일, 8월 4일) 토양수를 채취하여 분석한 결과, 토양수내 이온농도는 채취 시기별로 뚜렷한 차이를 보였으나 벌채수준이나 채취 깊이별(10cm, 30cm)로는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 조사기간동안 토양수내 이온농도의 크기는 $NO{_3}^-$ > $Ca^{2+}$ > $Mg^{2+}$ > $NH{_4}^+$ 순이었으며 $NO{_3}^-$의 평균 농도는 3.60mg/L, $Ca^{2+}$ 1.7mg/L, $Mg^{2+}$ 0.5mg/L, $NH{_4}^+$ 0.04mg/L 였다. 토양수내 이온농도는 $NH{_4}^+$를 제외하고는 토양수량과 이온농도 사이에 부의 상관관계(r= -0.31~-0.41)가 있었으며 리기다소나무조림지내 토양수 이온농도의 변화는 벌채처리보다는 강수유입 형태가 보다 더 큰 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.61-66
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• 1996

The subsequent recrystallizations technique, and experimental strain measurement method by use of recrystallization phenomena, has been successfully applied for the observation of machined surface plastic zones with equivalent plastic strain .epsilon. .geq. 0.5, 0.12 and 0.02 of type 304 stainless steel. The depth of the zone with .epsilon. .geq. 0.5 is very small, 10-15 .mu. m, while those with .epsilon. .geq. 0.12 are 100-200 .mu. m and 200-450 .mu. m, respectively. The depths increase with increasing depth of cut and with decreasing rake angle. The relation between the depth of the zones and the cutting paramenters is shown. The deformation state ahead of the quick-stop cut was also well visualized by the technique.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.469-481
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• 2013

워터젯 절삭기술을 이용한 자유면 생성에 있어서, 생성된 자유면 내부의 모니터링은 효율적인 작업 진행을 위해서 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 레이저 센서를 이용하여 자유면 측정 실험을 수행하고 실질적 현장적용을 위한 변수의 영향 정도와 최적변수 범위를 제시하였다. 영향을 미치는 변수를 레이저의 분해각(angular resolution), 측정 이격거리(measurement distance), 그리고 자유면의 절삭형상(cutting shape)으로 나누어 실험 수행 및 결과 분석을 하였다. 그 결과 분해각과 측정 이격거리가 감소할수록 그리고 절삭 폭이 증가할수록 보다 정밀한 모니터링이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 레이저 측정 시스템을 이용하면 자유면 형상과 깊이의 측정이 실제 현장에서 충분히 적용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제72권4호
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• pp.469-477
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• 2019

The understanding of tool-rock interaction mechanism is of high essence for improving the rock breaking efficiency and optimizing the drilling parameters in mechanical rock breaking. In this study, the tool-rock interaction models of indentation and cutting are carried out by employing the discrete element method (DEM) to examine the rock failure modes of various brittleness rocks and critical indentation and cutting depths of the ductile to brittle failure mode transition. The results show that the cluster size and inter-cluster to intra-cluster bond strength ratio are the key factors which influence the UCS magnitude and the UCS to BTS ratio. The UCS to BTS strength ratio can be increased to a more realistic value using clustered rock model so that the characteristics of real rocks can be better represented. The critical indentation and cutting depth decrease with the brittleness of rock increases and the decreasing rate reduces dramatically against the brittleness value. This effort may lead to a better understanding of rock breaking mechanisms in mechanical excavation, and may contribute to the improvement in the design of rock excavation machines and the related parameters determination.