• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.713-718
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• 2011

This paper presents an online voltage disturbance estimator to achieve precise torque control of IPMSMs over a high speed operating region. The proposed design has a type of state-filter based on a Luenburger-style closed loop stator current vector observer. Utilizing the frequency response plot (FRF) approach, the estimation accuracy and the parameter sensitivities are analyzed. Accurate torque control and improved efficiency are provided with the decoupling of the effect of the parameter variations. The feasibility of the presented idea is verified by laboratory experiments.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.8
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• pp.1405-1411
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• 2007

In this paper, a new speed sensorless control based on a fuzzy compensator are proposed for the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives. The conventional proportional plus integrate(PI) control are very sensitive to step change of the command speed, parameter variations and load disturbance. To cope with these problems of the PI control, the estimated speeds are compensated by using the fuzzy logic controller (FLC). In the FLC used by the speed compensator of the IPMSM, the system control parameters are adjusted by the fuzzy rule based system, which is a logical model of the human behavior for process control. The effectiveness of algorithm is confirmed by the experiments.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.294-295
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• 2010

DC 모터의 전류 제어는 회전에 의해 발생하는 역기전력을 외란으로 취급하여 역기전력을 보상하는 방법이 많이 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 속도 센서를 사용할 수 없는 모터 응용 분야에서 상태 관측기를 사용하여 전류 제어기를 구성하는 문제를 다룬다. 제안된 관측기는 간단한 1차 모델에 대한 PI 관측기로 설계되며 역기전력을 추정하는 형태로 구성된다. 실험을 통해 제안한 관측기가 1차 모델만을 고려하여 설계되었음에도 DC 모터의 불확실성에 강인한 성능을 보임을 확인한다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.58-66
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• 1996

An adaptive input-output linearization technique of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor with a specified output dynamic performance is proposed. The adaptive parameter estimation is achieved by a model reference adaptive technique where the stator resistance and the magnitude of flux linkage can be estimated with the current dynamic model and state observer. Using these estimated parameters, the linearizing control inputs are calculated. With these control inputs, the input-output linearization is performed and the load torque is estimated. The adaptation laws are derived by the Popov's hyperstability theory and the positivity concept. The robustness and the output dynamic performance of the proposed control scheme are verified through the computer simulations.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.792-800
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• 2021

Bone age assessments are a complicated and lengthy process, which are prone to inter- and intra-observer variabilities. Despite the great demand for fully automated systems, developing an accurate and robust bone age assessment solution has remained challenging. The rapidly evolving deep learning technology has shown promising results in automated bone age assessment. In this review article, we will provide information regarding the history of automated bone age assessments, discuss the current status, and present a literature review, as well as the future directions of artificial intelligence-based bone age assessments.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.344-347
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• 2008

Ocean surface waves may be modified by ocean current and their observation may be severely distorted if the observer is on a moving platform with changing speed. Tidal current near a sill varies inversely with the water depth, and results spatially inhomogeneous modulation on the surface waves near the sill. For waves propagating upstream, they will encounter stronger current before reaching the sill, and therefore, they will shorten their wavelength with frequency unchanged, increase its amplitude, and it may break if the wave height is larger than 1/7 of the wavelength. These small scale (${\sim}$ 1 km changes is not suitable for satellite radar observation. Spatial distribution of wave-height spectra S(x, y) can not be acquired from wave gauges that are designed for collecting 2-D wave spectra at fixed locations, nor from satellite radar image which is more suitable for observing long swells. Optical images collected from cameras on-board a ship, over high-ground, or onboard an unmanned auto-piloting vehicle (UAV) may have pixel size that is small enough to resolve decimeter-scale short gravity waves. If diffuse sky light is the only source of lighting and it is uniform in camera-viewing directions, then the image intensity is proportional to the surface reflectance R(x, y) of diffuse light, and R is directly related to the surface slope. The slope spectrum and wave-height spectra S(x, y) may then be derived from R(x, y). The results are compared with the in situ measurement of wave spectra over Keelung Sill from a research vessel. The application of this method is for analysis and interpretation of satellite images on studies of current and wave interaction that often require fine scale information of wave-height spectra S(x, y) that changes dynamically with time and space.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.31-47
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• 2020

Although interest in air quality has increased due to the frequent occurrence of high-concentration fine particulate matter recently, the official fine particulate matter measuring network has failed to provide spatial detailed air quality information. This is because current measurement equipment has a high cost of installation and maintenance, which limits the composition of the measuring network at high resolution. To compensate for the limitations of the current official measuring network, this study constructed a spatial high density measuring network using the fine particulate matter simple measuring device developed by Observer, W-Station. W-Station installed 48 units on Jeju Island and measured PM_2.5 for six months. The data collected in W-Station were corrected by applying the first regression equation for each section, and these measurements were compared and analyzed based on the official measurements installed in Jeju Island. As a result, the time series of PM_2.5 concentrations measured in W-Station showed concentration characteristics similar to those of the environmental pollution measuring network. In particular, the results of comparing the measurements of W-Station within a 2 km radius of the reference station and the reference station showed that the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.79, 0.81, 0.67, respectively. In addition, for W-Station within a 1 km radius, the coefficient of determination was 0.85, 0.82, 0.68, respectively, showing slightly higher correlation. In addition, the local concentration deviation of some regions could be confirmed through 48 high density measuring networks. These results show that if a network of measurements is constructed with adequate spatial distribution using a number of simple meters with a certain degree of proven performance, the measurements are effective in monitoring local air quality and can be fully utilized to supplement or replace formal measurements.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.427-436
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• 2002

This paper presents an implementation of high-dynamic performance of position sensorless motion control system of Reluctance Synchronous Motor(RSM) drives for an industrial servo system with direct torque control(DTC). The problems of high-dynamic performance and maximum efficiency RSM drives controlled by DTC are saturation of stator linkage flux and nonlinear inductance characteristics with various load currents. The accurate estimation of the stator flux and torque are obtained using stator flux observer of which a saturated inductance $L_d$ and $L_q$ can be compensated by adapting from measurable the modulus of the stator current and rotor position. To obtain fast torque response and maximum torque/current with varying load current, the reference command flux is ensured by imposing $I_{ds} = I_{qs}$. This control strategy is proposed to achieve fast response and optimal efficiency for RSM drive. In order to prove rightness of the suggested control algorithm, the actual experiment carried out at $\pm$20 and $\pm$1500 rpm. The developed digitally high-performance motion control system shown good response characteristic of control results and high performance features using 1.0kW RSM which has 2.57 Ld/Lq salient ratio.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.491-497
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• 2004

This paper presents a new rotor position estimation method for brushless DC motors. It is clear that the estimation error of the rotor position provokes the phase shift angle misaligned between the phase current and the back-EMF waveforms, which causes torque ripple in brushless DC motor drives. Such an estimation error can be reduced with the help of the proposed neutral voltage-based estimation method that is structured in the form of a closed loop observer. A neutral voltage appearing during the normal mode of the inverter operation is found to be an observable and controllable measure, which can be dealt with for estimating an exact rotor position. This neutral voltage is obtained from the DC-link current, the switching logic, and the motor speed values. The proposed algorithm, which can be implemented easily by using a single DC-link current and the motor terminal voltage sensors, is verified by simulation and experiment results.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2007

This paper presents an on-line correction method of current measurement errors for a pure-integration-based flux estimation down to 1-Hz stator frequency. An observer-based approach is taken as one possible solution of eliminating the dc offset and the negative sequence component of unbalanced gains in the synchronous coordinate. At the same time, the positive sequence component estimation is performed by creating an error signal between a motor model reference and an estimated q-axis rotor flux established by a permanent magnet (PM) in the synchronous coordinate. The compensator utilizes a PI controller that controls the error signal to zero. The proposed technique further contains a residual error compensator to completely eliminate miscellaneous disturbances in the estimated flux. The developed algorithm has been implemented on a 1.1-kW permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.