• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.2 s.86
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• pp.137-153
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to explore the similarities and differences of elements of successful aging in Western and Korean society using a background of time and dominant values of each society. Content analysis of concepts and components of 'successful aging' was performed based on 12 Korean articles and 23 Western articles. The major findings were: (1) The studies of successful aging accomplished since 2001 and the studies that explore the elements of successful aging perceived by the elderly mentioned diverse elements as essential to successful aging. (2) There were both common and distinct components of successful aging in Western and Korean society. Some of the essential components for successful aging were commonly accepted, but others were varied and unique, reflecting the period of experience and cultural values. These results could be used to better understand unique successful aging of the Korean elderly, as well as to establish a basis of intervention that meets the specific demands of this population.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.98-105
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• 2011

Patterns and levels of aging vary between the book volume and sheets, even though both are made from the same paper materials. In case of book format, the outside is more easily affected than inner side by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity and air. In this study, the change in optical properties after dry heating accelerated aging was comparatively analyzed to understand the difference of the optical aging characteristics between outside and inner side of the duplicated beeswax-treated volume. It is found that the cover pages of the beeswax-treated volumes were more optically deteriorated than their middle pages. This indicates that outer sides of aging book volume directly exposed to the air is more vulnerable to serious deterioration than inner sides. Also, aromatic compounds such as benzoic acid and cinnamic acid were observed in the investigation of UV/VIS absorbance of the beeswax in each aged sample.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.981-997
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• 2018

This paper verifies if the engagement in social activities mediates the effects of human, economic and cultural capitals on successful aging in elderly citizens. The questionnaire survey data collected from 356 elderly citizens aged 65 and over in Busan undergoes structural equation modeling for analysis. The analysis highlights the following. First, human and cultural capitals influence social engagement activities whereas economic capital does not. Second, economic capital affects successful aging whereas human and cultural capitals do not. Third, engagement in social activities impacts on successful aging. Fourth, engagement in social activities mediates the effects of human, economic and cultural capitals on successful aging. Based on these findings, this paper makes suggestions for improving the capitals and social activities of the elderly for successful aging.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.31
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• pp.79-88
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• 2010

Paper cultural heritages experience chemical and physical deterioration due to various factors including preservation environments and the property of paper materials1). Thus, it is important to develop optimal preservation and restoration methods for the damaged paper cultural heritages. Currently, lining is a popular treatment for the restoration of paper cultural heritages in Korea. Since lining paper is a layer of paper directly attached to the inside of cultural heritages for protection, understanding of the preservation properties of lining paper is primarily needed in order to devise the better preservation methods. The main material of lining paper is the paper mulberry, but additives such as chalk and white clay is sometimes used to enhance the preservation properties of lining paper. To date, the properties of the functional lining paper containing these additives have been not fully understood yet. In this study, dry heating aging at $105^{\circ}C$ and biological aging by the Aspergillus versicolor and Penicillium polonicum for the lining paper, which is made from paper mulberry and the chalk, are carried out to evaluate changes in their preservation properties by these aging factors. As a result, it is found that the functional lining paper containing 25.1% of chalk can control the growth of fungi, while the paper containing 32.7% of chalk do not show any protection effect. However, the functional lining paper added by chalk is more aged than the lining paper made from paper mulberry by dry heating accelerated aging.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.416-429
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• 2019

Bongchae is primarily employed for toning, which is the last step in the conservation treatment of paper's cultural properties. The objective of this study is to identify the coloring patterns of four types of Bongchae(Bonram, Gamboge, Yeonji, and Daeja) and determine the associated color change patterns through accelerated aging experiments. By examining the coloring patterns, it is observed that Yeonji, Bonram, and Daeja are painted as particles, whereas Gamboge indicates a close state of coating. Results obtained from X-ray diffraction analysis of Bongchae indicate that the presence of quartz, calcite, and pyrophyllite can be equally detected in Bonram, Yeonji, and Daeja. Additionally, the presence of goethite is also detected in Daeja. Gamboge becomes discolored from yellow to orange color during wet thermal aging, and Gamboge and Yeonji become decolorized during UV irradiation aging. Hence, cultural properties of paper colored with Gamboge can be predicted to become discolored to orange color by alkalis and can be darkened by UV rays because the decolorization of Gamboge and Yeonji occurs preferentially.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.357-365
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• 2021

This study is a descriptive survey research for identifing double mediating effect of ego-integrity and cultural competency and the moderated mediation effect of Wisdom on the relationship between basic pychological needs and successful aging. The participants were 211 elderly people aged at least 60 from June 2020 to March 2021. Data were collection by self-report questionnaire. Data was analyzed by Hayes' number 6 and 91 models using the SPSS/25.0 program and SPSS PROCESS MACRO. According to the study, the ego-integration and cultural competence were effected to double mediated in successful aging, and the ego-integration and cultural competence were effected to successful aging through moderated mediation by wisdom. Therefore, it is needed to develop welfare policy and strategy for the elderly to enhance ego-integration and cultural competence by effort to satisfy basic pychological needs and wisdom.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.32
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• pp.137-153
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• 2011

Paper cultural heritages in museums and libraries are deteriorated by many biological factors like as fungi, insects, bacteria and rodents and get irreversibly damaged. Especially, paper components like as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectins, tannins, proteins and mineral additives are good nourishment for microorganism. Through some studies on fungi causing the aging of paper materials, Aspergilli (about 30%) and Penicilli (more than 30%) are the most common among 300 different kinds of microorganism that caused the biological aging of paper cultural heritages in museums and libraries. At present, various treatments are attempted to control the biodeterioration by these fungi. Especially, it is focused on the control of environmental factors such as humidity, temperature and oxygen. In this study, the oxygen absorbent was used to control oxygen, one of the these favorable conditions during the biological aging of Hanji by Aspergillus versicolor and Penicillium polonicum and then the effect on prevention in aging by this treatment was investigated. In result, the oxygen absorbent treatment had the good effect on prevention in aging during the biological aging by two species of fungi.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.15-24
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• 2010

Many efforts to understand the deterioration processes of the beeswax-treated volume of "The Annals of Joseon Dynasty" have been made. However, most previous studies have focused on individual sample sheet of the beeswax-treated paper but not book volume format. In this study, humid cycling accelerated aging for duplicated beeswax-treated book volume and Hanji book volume were carried out to examine differences in the deterioration of different parts of each volume as well as between the two book volumes during the aging. As results, it is found that the deterioration rate for the beeswax-treated volume is higher than that for the Hanji book volume. Different parts in each volume show different magnitude of deterioration. In particular, outer sides in both beeswax-treated and Hanji book volumes, which are directly exposed to the air, are deteriorated more seriously than inner sides. It is also observed that inner sides are considerably deteriorated during the aging, implying that inner deterioration may have different mechanisms from outer deterioration.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.339-348
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• 2019

This study was conducted to predict sociocultural psychological variables affecting successful aging of the elderly. The participants were 187 elderly people aged at least sixty who used 16 elderly welfare centers in G metropolitan city and J and S city from december 2018 to january 2019. Data analysis was done by using SPSS WIN 23.0 program, for one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression. This study showed a positive correlation between successful aging and basic psychological need, ego-integrity, cultural competence. The ego-integrity(${\beta}=.372$, p<.001), cultural competence(${\beta}=.410$, p<.001), relationship(${\beta}=.168$, p=.003) have a 71.1% explanatory power for the successful aging of the elderly. It is necessary to develop sociocultural psychological programs to promote self-integration, cultural competence, and relationship for successful aging of the elderly.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.72-79
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• 2012

In this study, to understand the aging factor and mechanism in different partitions of the beeswax-treated volumes, the duplicated beeswax-treated volume was artificially aged at $80^{\circ}C$ of temperature and 65% of relative humidity and then a physical and optical properties of an aged volumes was analyzed. Also, the degraded components of the beeswax samples isolated from different partitions of aged volumes was measured using a gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). In results, the surface of beeswax-treated volume which is primarily affected by a main aging factors such as light, oxygen, moisture was more deteriorated than the inside of that volume. However, unlike inside of the book volume which was made from paper, the inside of beeswax-treated volume wax was also considerably deteriorated. The inside of the beeswax-treated volume is largely unaffected by the oxygen and humidity during aging due to the water repellency and the air permeation resistance of beeswax. Therefore, it is confirmed that aging factors and mechanisms in the inside of the volume are different from thats of the outside of the volume. This fact was also verified by the results of GC/MS analysis of an beeswax samples which was sampled from different partitions of aged volumes. As result as GC/MS analysis of the beeswax extracted from the outside of the aged volume, the low molecular compounds with a carbon length of $C_9-C_{20}$ (fatty acid, etc) were increased and the compounds with a carbon length of above $C_{34}$ (ester, etc) were also increased. But the compounds with a chain length of $C_{21}-C_{36}$ (hydrocarbon, alcohol, etc) were decreased. In case of the aged beeswax of inside, the low molecular compounds with a carbon length of $C_9-C_{20}$ (fatty acid, etc) and the compounds with a chain length of $C_{21}-C_{36}$ (hydrocarbon, alcohol, etc) were increased. While, the compounds with a carbon length of above $C_{34}$ (ester, etc) were decreased.