• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1999년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.145-167
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• 1999

Our self-sufficiency of food has become less than $30{\%}$ and our nation is highly dependant on world's grain market for food. which is unstable in long term due to the world population growth faster than food production. Therefore, it is a great possibility that food might become a political weapon by way of its global shortage. its purchasing difficulty in international free trade market. and the resultant price rising. Our maximal capability of food production has become the most outstanding problem in the dimension of future food security. It would be the utmost scheme for maximal production of food to realize the maximal utilization of arable land through the enlargement of sufficient farming land and the conversion of rotation system for the more grain production. Extensional enlargement of arable land can be positively executed through the development of farming land in domestic and abroad countries. The readjustment of arable land and the installation or irrigation and drainage system can enforce the farming basement for maximal utilization of arable land through the improved rotation between paddy and upland. The prevention policy against farming land encroachment should be strictly executed through grain production encouragement on resting or marginal lands and regulation of utilization conversion for the other than food production on high grade farming lands. It is also required urgently to develope high yielding and high quality varieties through advanced genetic technology for the improvement of unit area yield, especially of wheat, corn. and soybean we import in large quantity The maximal utilization of arable land for the highest production of food can be realized through rational rotation system, the most adaptable crop cultivation on the suitable land, and the most optimal fertilization through the GIS analysis of agricultural environment information on the basis of the computerized soil resource data on super detailed soil maps(1:5000) surveyed plot by plot of whole nation.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.510-518
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• 2013

Corn was mainly cultivated in slope land during summer season when heavy rain falls so that soil loss occurs severely. Especially, soil disturbance and exposure of topsoil by conventional tillage intensifies soil loss by heavy rain. The aim of this study was to develop surface covering and tillage methods for reducing soil loss in corn cultivation. The experiment was conducted in 17% sloped lysimeter with 8 treatments including strip tillage after surface covering with rye residue, strip tillage after residue covering of several crops and sod culture, black polyethylene film covering after conventional tillage and control. Amount of runoff water and eroded soil, and corn growth were investigated. Amounts of runoff water in all plots except black polyethylene plot ranged from 152 to 375 $m^3\;ha^{-1}$, accounting for 13~32% of 1,158 $m^3\;ha^{-1}$ in control. Amount of eroded soil decreased by 94 to 99% (3 to 89 kg $ha^{-1}$) in plots of strip tillage after covering with crop residues compared to control with 1,739 kg $ha^{-1}$. Corn yields in plots of strip tillage after covering with crop residues ranged from 6.0 to 6.9 Mg $ha^{-1}$, while that of control was 6.5 Mg $ha^{-1}$. The results suggest that strip tillage methods after surface covering with crop residues are very effective on soil conservation of slope land in corn cultivation.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2022

본 연구는 UAE 사막환경에서 벼 재배를 위해 재배기간, 적정 벼 유전자원, 생육발달 양상, 물 사용량 등을 조사하고자 수행하였다. UAE 사막환경에서 벼의 재배기간은 UAE 겨울의 저온을 벼의 영양생장기간 동안에 포함하는 11월 하순부터 이듬해 4월 하순까지 이었다. UAE의 기온과 일장에 적응할 수 있는 유전자원을 국내의 인공기상 시설과 간척지 모래토양에서 사전 시험한 결과, 아세미와 FL478이 선정되었다. 사막환경에서 아세미는 생육초기의 황화현상을 극복하여 수확까지 하였으나, FL478은 생육 초기에 황화현상과 생육이 불량하여 고사하였다. UAE 사막환경에서 아세미는 12월 초순부터 이듬해 3월 초순까지 영양생장기, 3월 초순부터 3월 하순까지 생식생장기, 3월 하순부터 4월 하순까지 등숙기의 분포를 보였다. 아세미의 백미수량은 763kg/10a이었고, 한국과 비교하여 약 41.8% 증가한 수량으로 생식생장기와 등숙기의 풍부한 일사량의 영향으로 추정된다. 물 사용량은 UAE 재배기간 동안 2,619 ton/10a 수준으로 한국보다 약 3배 많아 물 절약 기술이 필요한 상황이다. UAE에서 벼 재배는 경제성과 관련이 매우 높기 때문에, 물 절약을 위해서 관개기술, 재배방법 개발 등이 보완되어야 한다. 또한 UAE 사막환경에서 안정적인 벼 재배를 위해서 다양한 적응 유전자원 선정, 생육초기의 황화현상 최소화 방법 등의 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.238-247
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• 2012

1. 각 시험구에서 재배 2년째 시기별 에너지작물의 초장을 조사한 결과, 하수슬러지 고화물을 처리한 시험구에서의 에너지작물 중 거대 1호의 생육이 가장 우수하였으며 원지반토에서는 생육이 미비하였다. 2. 원지반토의 거대 1호 초장은 재배 1년차 97 cm에서 2년차 229 cm로 141% 증가하여 성장폭이 하수슬러지 고화물을 처리한 두 시험구의 거대 1호에 비해 우수하였다. 3. 각 시험구의 토양 pH는 하수슬러지 고화물을 처리한 후 2년이 경과하여도 일정하게 pH 7.2~8.4의 수준을 유지하고 있었다. 원지반토의 염농도는 하수슬러지 고화물을 처리한 두 시험구에 비해 월등히 높은 것으로 나타났으며 원지반토의 평균 염농도(0.27%)는 1년차의 염분 농도(0.31%)와 비교하여 조금 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 4. 원지반토의 평균 치환성 나트륨(Ex. Na) 함량은 8.99 $cmol^+\;kg^{-1}$으로 하수슬러지 고화물 혼합구의 평균치(0.7 $cmol^+\;kg^{-1}$)에 비해 약 12배 높았으며, 하수슬러지 고화물을 처리한 두 시험구에 비해 월등히 높았다. 5. 하수슬러지 고화물 처리 후 에너지작물 재배 1년차와 2년차 동일시기(5월, 11월)의 토양 유기물 함량은 1년차에 비해 2년차 증가하였음을 알 수 있었고, 특히 하수슬러지 고화물 복토구의 유기물 함량의 증가폭이 가장 우수하였다. 6. 간척지 토양에 하수슬러지 고화물 처리는 토양 무기양분의 공급, 염류의 상향이동 완충 효과, 작토층 및 근권확대로 인한 지하경의 정상적인 번식이 이루어져 원지반토에 비해 에너지작물 생육이 우수하여 하수슬러지 고화물처리는 토양복토재로써 간척지 토양의 화학성 및 물리성 개선에 효과적이었음이 확인되었다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2013

Analysis and evaluation of uncertainty is adopting the advanced methodology among the methods for greenhouse gas emission assessment that was defined in GPS2000 (Good practice guideline 2000) and GPG-LULUCF (GPG Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry). In 2006 IPCC guideline, two approaches are suggested to explain the uncertainty for each section with a national net emission and a prediction value on uncertainty as follows; 1) Spread sheet calculation based on the error propagation algorithm that was simplified with some assumptions, and 2) Monte carlo simulation that can be utilized in general purposes. There are few researches on the agricultural field including greenhouse gas emission that is generated from livestock and cultivation lands due to lack of information for statistic data, emission coefficient, and complicated emission formula. The main objective of this study is to suggest an evaluation method for the uncertainty of greenhouse gas emission in agricultural field by means of intercomparison of the prediction value on uncertainties which were estimated by spread sheet calculation and monte carlo simulation. A statistic analysis for probability density function for uncertainty of emission rate was carried out by targeting livestock intestinal fermentation, excrements treatment, and direct/indirect emission from agricultural lands and rice cultivation. It was suggested to minimize uncertainty by means of extraction of emission coefficient according to each targeting section.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1996년도 International Conference on Agricultural Machinery Engineering Proceedings
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• pp.263-269
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• 1996

In indian agricultural , the energy use pattern has played dominant role in influencing the level of mechanization . Besides that the agro-climatic factors as well as the size of holdings do affect the degree of mechanization . Nearly 30 percent of total cultivated area is owned by l76 percent of the small and tiny land holders each owning even less than a hectare. On the other hand, about 2 percent of land owners cultivate land. These variabilitieshave greatly influenced the ownership of power sources on Indian farms. Small farmers, employ human and animal energies with the use of hand tools and animal drawn equipments. Whereases, the use of tractors, power tillers, electric motors, etc. on small farms is on a marginal scale. There are few pockets and also extensive wheat growing regions where mechanical and electrical power sources are extensively used in production agriculture leading to about 185% of cropping intensity . In that region, the animal energy is employed for on the farm transport of fertilizers, fodders and fuel to support milch animals and other household activities . Inspite of high degree of mechanization, the harvesting of crops is done by human labour with few exceptions of harvesting wheat crops by combines in few pockets. In overall assessment of mechanization, the following conclusions are drawn : ⅰ) Farm operation which show a growing trend of mechanization are (a) tillge, (b) seedling (c) Irrigation (d) Plant protection application (e) Threshing and (f) Transport . ⅱ) Crop cultivation system in respect of wheat, maize and sorghum have been greatly mechanized. ⅲ) The least mechanized cropping systems are (a) vegetable production and (b) cultivation of sugarcane, cotton, rice and pulses. ⅳ) Annual production of tractor has touched the figure of 280.000 by 1995 and the total number has crossed 1.5million on Indian farms.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2004

A long-term growth simulation was performed at 99 land units in Yeoncheon county to test the potential adaptability of each land unit for growing soybean cultivars. The land units for soybean cultivation(CZU), each represented by a geographically referenced land patch, were selected based on land use, soil characteristics, and minimum arable land area. Monthly climatic normals for daily maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, number of rain days and solar radiation were extracted for each CZU from digital climate models(DCM). The DCM grid cells falling within a same CZU were aggregated to make spatially explicit climatic normals relevant to the CZU. A daily weather dataset for 30 years was randomly generated from the monthly climatic normals of each CZU. Growth and development parameters of CROPGRO-soybean model suitable for 2 domestic soybean cultivars were derived from long-term field observations. Three foreign cultivars with well established parameters were also added to this study, representing maturity groups 3, 4, and 5. Each treatment was simulated with the randomly generated 30 years' daily weather data(from planting to physiological maturity) for 99 land units in Yeoncheon to simulate the growth and yield responses to the inter-annual climate variation. The same model was run with input data from the Crop Experiment Station in Suwon to obtain a 30 year normal performance of each cultivar, which was used as a "reference" for evaluation. Results were analyzed with respect to spatial and temporal variation in yield and maturity, and used to evaluate the suitability of each land unit for growing a specific cultivar. A computer program(MAPSOY) was written to help utilize the results in a decision-making procedure for agrotechnology transfer. transfer.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.333-340
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• 1985

지금까지 정율지대(定率地代) 소작제도(小作制度)에 대한 경제적(經濟的) 효율(效率)-배분적(配分的) 효율(效率)과 X-효율(效率)-에 대한 이론적(理論的) 분석(分析)들을 살펴보았다. 토지시장(土地市場)이 완전경쟁적(完全競爭的)이면 생산성(生産性)의 차이(差異)가 존재(存在)하나 독점적(獨占的)이거나 지주(地主)가 관리비용(管理費用)을 부담(負擔)할 경우 생산성(生産性)의 차이(差異)가 나타나지 않는다는 것이 배분적(配分的) 효율(效率)을 둘러싼 이론적(理論的) 논쟁점(論爭點)이었으며, 자경(自耕)보다는 못할지도 모르나 임금경작(賃金耕作)보다는 효율적(效率的)이라는 것이 X-효율(效率)에서 나온 결론(結論)이었다. 경제정책(經濟政策)의 주요(主要) 목표(目標)가 시간(時間)에 걸친 사회적(社會的) 총생산(總生産)의 극대화(極大化)와 국민(國民)들간의 소득분배(所得分配)의 적정화(適正化)라면 농지개혁(農地改革)의 의의(意義)는 명백(明白)하다. 생산성(生産性) 증가(增加)의 측면(側面)에서 볼 때 볼리비아나 이락과 같은 예외는 있으나 작부면적(作付面積)이 증대(增大)하며 단위면적당(單位面積當) 생산량(生産量)도 증가(增加)하였다고 보고되고 있다. 이는 배분적(配分的) 효율(效率)의 증가(增加) 뿐만 아니라 X-효율(效率)이 증가(增加)된 결과(結果)로 볼 수 있다. 더구나 농지개혁(農地改革)이 기술적(技術的) 변화(變化)를 야기(惹起)하고 기술혁신(技術革新)에 대해 적극적(積極的)이므로 생산함수(生産函數) 자체를 상향이동(上向移動)시키는 효과(效果)를 나타낼 것이다. 이와 함께 소작기간(小作期間)이 짧으므로서 소작농민(小作農民)에 의한 토지투자(土地投資)가 결여(缺如)되게 되어 농업생산성(農業生産性)을 낮추는 일도 없어지게 되어 장기적(長期的) 사회적(社會的) 총생산(總生産)의 극대화(極大化)를 달성(達成)할 수 있게 될 것이며, 농지개혁(農地改革)이 소득분배(所得分配)의 적정화(適正化)에 기여(寄與)할 것이라는 것은 재론(再論)의 여지도 없다.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.124-129
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• 2017

사료용 피 직파재배시 적정 파종량 시험에서 입모수는 파종량이 증가할수록 많았으며, 입모율은 41-42% 정도였다. 경수도 파종량이 증가할수록 많았고, 초장은 파종량이 많을수록 증가하였으나 $50kg\;ha^{-1}$에서는 감소하였다. 파종량이 많았던 $50kg\;ha^{-1}$에서 도복지수가 3이었다. 건물중은 파종량 $40kg\;ha^{-1}$에서 가장 높았고, TDN 생산량은 파종량이 적을수록 높았다. 수량반응 곡선상 $36kg\;ha^{-1}$에서 최대수량 건물수량이 추정되었다. 변화 상태의 회귀식은 $Y=0.0098X^2+0.7030X+2.6267$으로 표시되었다. 출수기는 파종량이 많을수록 늦어지는 경향이었다. 사료용 피 직파 재배시 질소질 비료 $150-250kg\;ha^{-1}$ 시비에서 건초 수량의 차이는 없었으나, 무시용 대비 건초 수량은 200 및 $250kg\;ha^{-1}$ 시비에서 16.6톤 $ha^{-1}$ 및 16.9톤 $ha^{-1}$로 43% 및 45% 정도 높았다. 조단백질 수량(CP)은 건물수량과 비슷한 경향으로 무질소구에서 0.28톤 $ha^{-1}$이었던 것이 질소 $250kg\;ha^{-1}$ 시비구에서 0.54톤 $ha^{-1}$ 이었다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2015

Cultivation on reclaimed tidal land is often difficult in the problem such as high salinity of soil, bad drainage because of high level of groundwater. Many researches have been made efforts to solve these problems, but effect of improvement is low and practicality is insufficient. In this study, through numerical analysis of the transport properties of salt and water, we suggested underground drainage of the reclaimed land and the desalination promotion methods in the soil. The results of characteristic of desalination and seepage analysis of underdrain show that underdrain is able to increase twice of the underground seepage amount when installing perforated pipe with horizontal filter (width 50cm) more than installing only the perforated pipe. For soil which coefficient of permeability is below $1{\times}10^{-4}cm/s$ that desalination with pond water is not possible, a method to increase the permeability of the soil is necessary. Therefore, it was concluded that application of underdrain using perforated pipe with horizontal filter would be low-cost and practical.