• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.22-27
• /
• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of 3-year-old ginseng (for Samgyetang product) cultured by various seeding density in direct-sowing culture. Ginsengs were cultured by the seeding density, 275, 300, 330 352 and 396 seeds per Kan, $180{\times}90cm$ area. Survived rate (82.1%) were the highest in plot of 352 seeds sowed, length and leaf width were high in plot of 300 and 352 seeds. Root yield grain was increased with increase of the seeding density in direct-sowing culture except 352 seeds sowed. Average root weight and diameter were the highest in plot of 352 seeds sowed, 31.6 g and 18.4 mm, respectively. Crude saponin and each ginsenosides content were the highest in plot of 275 seeds sowed. Rg1 content was decreased, Rc and Rb2 content were increased with increase of the seeding density. Total soluble sugar content was the highest in plot of 330 seeds sowed and the lowest in plot of 396 seeds sowed, and oligo- and disaccaride content were high in plot of 330 and 352 seeds sowed. Reological characteristics of ginsengs cultivated according to various seeding density, hardness and springness were high and maximum fracture force was low with decrease of the seeding quantity.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 1976

본 연구는 현재로는 인삼의 조작이 불가능한 것으로 인식되어 있는 장애 현상을 생태화학적인 면에서 검사하여 그 원인을 추구하려 하였다. 현재 인삼의 조작장애 원인은 특정균의 침해로 해석하고 있으나, 그 병 유발의 원인에 대하여는 아직 불분명하며 여러 가지 가능성이 추리된다. 삼재배지와 비재배지 토양의 일반적인 성질의 비교에서는 별차이를 볼 수 없었으며, 경작을 통한 유기물의 증가와 그에 따른 양이온 교환용량의 상승을 볼 수 있었다. 삼 재배지와 비 재배 토양에서 알칼리로 추출되는 부식물의 성상을 비교하였으나, 적외선부 흡황곡선으로는 양자간에 별차이점이 없이 공통 또는 유사성을 보이는 급광대를 가지며 재배지역에 따라 근소한 상이점을 보였다. 한편 삼근권 토양의 에탄을 추출물에는 삼생육 기간중 분비하였을 것으로 추정되는 물질들이 함유되어 있으며 정성적인 검색으로 상근성분의 일부와 같거나 또는 유사한 것으로 보였다. 이러한 근권내 특수 유기물질과 연작장애와의 연관성은 삼근 부패인(특정 미생물)의 특성을 고려하여 상호 긴밀히 검토되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.319-327
• /
• 2018

Objectives : Astragali Radix is known as a perennial plant, and it is estimated that there may be differences in the contents and their components depending on the ages. The components of astragali radix may activate differently. Methods : The astragali radix components cultivated in Jecheon( one year ), Korea, Shanxi province( 7 years ), China, Inner Mongolia( 5 years) and Inner Mongolia ( 8 years ) were extracted with pure ethyl alcohol and identified the component molecules. The extracted components of astragali radix were measured the activity of Telomerase for confirmation of their Telomere lengths. Results : The cell activity has been shown the greatest contribution in astragali radix of Inner Mongolia(8 years). Although there is the difference in cell activity between the two products of the 5 and 7 years, the difference between the values was small and the 7 years product was slightly higher than 5 years product. Conclusions : Total Astragaloside contents were highest in the product of Inner Mongolia(8 years), followed by the 7 year product of Shanxi province. Especially, astragaloside and cycloastragenol (TA-65) among the astragali radix components have shown to be increased Telomerase activity in the DNA metabolism of the cells, and the efficacy depends on the ages of growth.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.419-429
• /
• 2022

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) is a perennial herbaceous plant widely cultivated in China, Korea, the United States, and Japan due to its multifunctional properties. In northwest China, transplanting after 2-3 years has become the main mode of artificial cultivation of American ginseng. However, the effects of the cultivation process on the chemical properties of the soil and bacterial community remain poorly understood. Hence, in the present study, high-throughput sequencing and soil chemical analyses were applied to investigate the differences between bacterial communities and nutrition driver factors in the soil during the cultivation of American ginseng. The responses of soil nutrition in different ecological niches were also determined with the results indicating that the cultivation of American ginseng significantly increased the soluble nutrients in the soil. Moreover, the bacterial diversity fluctuated with cultivation years, and 4-year-old ginseng roots had low bacterial diversity and evenness. In the first two years of cultivation, the bacterial community was more sensitive to soil nutrition compared to the last two years. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes dominated the bacterial community regardless of the cultivation year and ecological niche. With the increase of cultivation years, the assembly of bacterial communities changed from stochastic to deterministic processes. The high abundance of Sphingobium, Novosphingobium, and Rhizorhabdus enriched in 4-years-old ginseng roots was mainly associated with variations in the available potassium (AK), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), and organic matter (OM).

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.324-332
• /
• 2010

연중 신선한 곤달비 잎을 생산 공급하기 위하여 냉장 저장묘를 활용하여 고랭지와 평난지 연계재배를 하였다. 대관령 노지포장에서 재배된 곤달비 묘를 2007년 10월말에 채취하여 $-2^{\circ}C$ 냉장고에 보관하여 두고, 평난지(강릉)에는 2007년 11월부터 2008년 6월까지, 고랭지(대관령)에는 2008년 6월부터 8월까지 1개월 간격으로 정식하고 곤달비의 생육특성을 조사하였다. 강릉에서는 1월에 정식한 구에서 초기생육이 가장 좋았으며 저장묘를 정식할 경우 5월까지는 초기 수확엽의 초고가 모두 30cm이상으로 자랐으나 고온기에는 생육이 불량하여 수량이 떨어졌으며 수확기간이 짧아졌다. 대관령 고랭지에 7월과 8월에 정식한 곤달비의 초고는 25cm 정도로 봄철 강릉 평난지에 정식한 곤달비의 초고보다는 다소 낮았으나 상품성있는 가식엽을 수확할 수 있었다. 11월에 정식한 곤달비는 정식 후 곧바로 잎이 출현하지 않고 1개월여 지난 12월초에 자라기 시작하여 그 후 2개월이 지난 2월부터 수확이 가능하였다. 1월 정식기부터는 정식 후 1개월이 지나면 수확이 가능하였다. 3월 정식기까지는 6월까지는 정상적인 수확이 가능하였고, 여름철에는 4~5월에 정식한 구에서 수확이 가능하였다. 여름에 생육이 부진하던 곤달비는 가을에 접어들면서 전년 11월에 정식한 곤달비부터 정식이 빠른 순서대로 생육이 다시 회복되는 양상을 보였다. 곤달비 엽병의 질기지 않은 절단강도의 범위는 $50,000g{\cdot}cm^{-2}$ 이하였고, 따라서 절단강도를 기초로 한 수확적기는 잎 출현 후 20일 이내였다. 곤달비묘의 저장은 가을철 휴면상태의 곤달비 묘를 채취하여 $-2^{\circ}C$의 냉장고에 저장하였을 때 10개월 이상 사용할 수 있었다. 따라서 저장묘를 활용한 고랭지와 평난지 연계재배로서 고랭지에서 노지재배와 비가림시설에서 조기재배 및 억제재배로 4월에서 10월까지 수확하고, 평난지에서 노지재배와 가온재배로 11월부터 이듬해 5월까지 수확하는 형태의 곤달비의 주년생산이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.155-159
• /
• 2000

In the spring silkworm rearing period of year 1998, some nutritional aspects were studied in the Agricultural Research Station of the Komotini town in Greece, to investigate the feeding behaviour of some Bulgarian silkworm hybrids, suitable for spring rearing, during the fourth and fifth instal under the local climatic conditions. The silkworms were fed by locally cultivated Japanese Kinriu mulberry (Morus alba L.) variety leaves. Eight Bulgarian hybrids had been used, namely Vratza-53xVratza-52, Ukraine-20xVratza-53, Super 1xHessa 2, Merefa 2xVratza 35, as well as their reciprocal crosses. The studies showed out a remarkably higher feed intake and feed utilization by the hybrids Hessa 2xSuper-1, Merefa 2xVratza 35 and Vratza-52xVratza-53. The same hybrids showed an efficient food utilization by means of daily growths cocoon shell ratio and raw silk output. In terms of food to silk conversion efficiency Hessa 2xSuper-1 hybrid gave the best results. Larval stage duration for fourth and fifth instar was not affected by feed intake and utilization. All hybrids showed a good adaptation to the local environment and their feeding performance was equal to the international existing standards. All calculated parameters were found to be around the mean values of other up to date presented results and thus considered as acceptable for the needs of the local production.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.162-165
• /
• 2002

Rice is widely cultivated in various regions throughout Asia. Over a five-year period, we investigated the effects of supplemental UVB radiation on the growth and yield of Japanese rice cultivars in the field. The findings of that study indicated that supplemental UVB radiation has inhibitory effects on the growth and grain development. Furthermore, we investigated the sensitivity to UVB radiation of rice cultivars of 5 Asian rice ecotypes, and found that rice cultivars vary widely in UVB sensitivity. The aim of our study is improving UVB resistance in plants by bioengineering or breeding programs. In order to make it, there is need to find the molecular origin of the sensitivity to UVB. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) is major UV-induced DNA lesions. Plants possess two mechanisms to cope with such DNA damage. The first is the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds. Our previous data showed that the steady-state CPD levels in leaves of rice grown under chronic radiation in any culture were not so greatly influenced by the increased UV-absorbing compounds content, although there was a significant positive correlation between the CPD levels induced by challenge UVB exposure and the UV-absorbing compounds content. The other is the repair of DNA damage. Photorepair is the major pathway in plants for repairing CPD. We found that the sensitivity to UVB could seriously correlate with the low ability in CPD photorepair in rice plants. These results suggest that photo lyase might be an excellent candidate for restoration by way of selective breeding or engineering in rice.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.251-266
• /
• 2006

This study was surveyed and analyzed in 2005 year for environmentally-friendly rice's production 78 farmers in korea. The major results was as follows: The average age of farmers were 54 years old, the experiences of environmentally-friendly rice's production farms was 7.4 years, the cultivated scales of environmentally-friendly rice's production was 3.4ha. The 74%'s Farmers of all unified rice's breeds for rice's production of high-grade in quality, the ranking of rice's breeds selection were the high-grade rice's breeds of government>japan rice's breeds. The control of damage by blight and insects were needed environmentally-friendly control, the endured study of this control were very important. To cut down cost of the environmentally-friendly rice for income security of farmers and sustenance of farming will. To receive reasonable price of environmentally-friendly rice, the brand image were raised to consumers, the variety and miniaturization of rice packaging unit were needed in view of consumers. In addition to must be campaigns of publicity through the press and event to consumers, were managed the exchange of rice goods and exchanged e-mail together consumers for the maintenance of confidence. To drive direct marketing between environmentally-friendly rice farmers and consumers through experiential marketing, to diversify the marketing channel. To strengthen public relations at regional level and relationship at the consumers.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
• /
• pp.103.2-104
• /
• 2003

Ginseng (Panax ginseng) is one of the most widely cultivated medicinal herbs in Korea. During 3 or 5 years cultivation of ginseng, yield losses can reach as high as 30-60％ due to numerous diseases in Korea. Among 106 Bacillus strains isolated from various plant internal roots, we selected three promising biocontrol agents by screening against root rot caused by Cylindrocarpon destructan in a greenhouse. Preinoculation of selected isolates to seed or one-year-old root resulted in stimulation of shoot and/or root growth of seedlings, and control of root rot in infested soils with Cylindronrpon destructans (P=0.05). Furthermore, drenching of selected isolates on seedling-growing pots reduced the incidence of Phytophthora blight when the seedlings were challenged with zoospores of Phytophthora cactorum (P=0.05). However, isolates B1141 and B1142 did not show any antifungal activity against various soilborne pathogens while B1146 did in vitro. Our results provide an insight that rhizobacteria can induce resistance against various plant diseases on ginseng even if any resistant breeds have been unknown on ginseng yet.

• 공학교육연구
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.21-25
• /
• 2012

In this paper, the purpose and overview of the "Frontier Leadership Program for Engineering Students through Joint Participation of Higher Education and the Industrial Sector" (FLC: Frontier Leadership Course) in Gunma University is reported together with our achievements during the last three years. The purpose of this special educational program is to promote and educate selected students who are highly motivated to learn science & mathematics and to become an active leader in industrial sectors or research institutes. The activity can be divided into two categories: "Student-Proposed Stream" and "Advanced Research Stream". These activities were found to be useful to cultivate student's leadership and global communication ability. Furthermore, most of the FLC students cultivated the excellent academic performance and five students among them will be allowed to skip their fourth undergraduate year and enter directly into our graduate school.