• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.175-183
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• 2017

Codon usage bias (CUB) is a unique property of genomes and has contributed to the better understanding of the molecular features and the evolution processes of particular gene. In this study, genetic indices associated with CUB, including relative synonymous codon usage and effective numbers of codons, as well as the nucleotide composition, were investigated in the Clonorchis sinensis tyrosinase genes and their platyhelminth orthologs, which play an important role in the eggshell formation. The relative synonymous codon usage patterns substantially differed among tyrosinase genes examined. In a neutrality analysis, the correlation between $GC_{12}$ and $GC_3$ was statistically significant, and the regression line had a relatively gradual slope (0.218). NC-plot, i.e., $GC_3$ vs effective number of codons (ENC), showed that most of the tyrosinase genes were below the expected curve. The codon adaptation index (CAI) values of the platyhelminth tyrosinases had a narrow distribution between 0.685/0.714 and 0.797/0.837, and were negatively correlated with their ENC. Taken together, these results suggested that CUB in the tyrosinase genes seemed to be basically governed by selection pressures rather than mutational bias, although the latter factor provided an additional force in shaping CUB of the C. sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini genes. It was also apparent that the equilibrium point between selection pressure and mutational bias is much more inclined to selection pressure in highly expressed C. sinensis genes, than in poorly expressed genes.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.310-313
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• 2008

C. perfringens is the most important enteric clostridial pathogen of animals. C. perfringens type A has been associated with hemorrhagic enteritis in a wide lange of domestic and wild mammals. But all types of C. perfringens can be normal inhabitants of the intestine of most mammals. We have a special case that showed C. perfringens type A infection in a hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) cub at Seoul Grand Park Zoo. Male, hippopotamus cub died in 3 days after birth. Clinical features of the hippopotamus cub have showed lethargy and anorexia before death. Gross post-mortem findings of the hippopotamus were hemorrhagic enteritis of intestine. Histopathologically, ruminant stomach and intestine showed hemorrhagic lesions and the lumen of the small intestine was filled with mucoid and hemorrhagic fluid. Also, intestine and stomach of hippopotamus were distended with gas and hemorrhagic fluid. C. perfringens was isolated in culture of small intestine and the presence of C. perfringens type A was confirmed by PCR. This case indicated that C. perfringens type A could be considered as a virulence factor responsible for causing death of a newborn hippopotamus.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.215-217
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• 2011

This is about the successful use of eCG and hCG for producing a Siberian tiger pup born from 10-year-old, primiparous, albino Siberian tiger. From February 2010 to July 2010, natural breeding had been tried three times with no conception. During this period of five months, estrus behaviors appeared to be typically normal and a lot of matings were observed. After consecutive failures, 1000 IU eCG (equine chorionic gonadotropin) were intramuscularly injected on the day showing estrus behavior, followed with an injection of 750 IU hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) 80 hours later. The tiger stopped recurrence of estrus, and a cub, weighed 780 gram, was born alive 104 days after hCG injection. This study is the first report showing the unique, successful use of exogenous hormones as one of artificial breeding programs in the long history of captive breeding of carnivorous zoo animals in Korea.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.141-143
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• 2015

Dermatophytosis was found on the right front leg of a 4-month-old female African lion cub (Panthera leo) kept at a zoo with locally marginal alopecia. For diagnosis, culturing on sabouraud dextrose agar was performed and skin scrapings from the lesion were analyzed. The ones from the culture and skin scrapings were identified as Trichophyton mentagrophytes. A zookeeper that had been in contacted with the lion for artificial rearing developed skin lesions with well-defined erythematous plaques on the right arm about 1 month after the lesion in the lion was observed. The ringworm was probably transmitted from the lion through continuous contact.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.492-501
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 스테레오 안저 영상에서 시각신경원반의 깊이 값을 고려하는 시각신경원반과 시각신경패임 영역의 새로운 분할방법을 제안하였다. 스테레오 안저 영상에서 스테레오 정합을 수행할 때 발생할 수 있는 오류의 요인들을 분석하여 보정 방법들을 구현하였다. 또한, 시각신경원반과 시각신경패임 영역을 정확하게 추출하기 위하여 시각신경원반의 3차원 깊이 정보를 이용하는 새로운 동적 윤곽선 모델을 제안하였다. 다양한 스테레오 안저 영상을 대상으로 한 실험결과, 제안한 방법이 시각신경원반과 시각신경패임을 효과적으로 분할 할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.739-745
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 GPU 병렬 처리 하드웨어 아키텍처 내 최소 물리적 스레드 실행 단위(warp) 내에서 shifted sort 기반 k개 최근접 이웃 검색 기법을 구현하는 방법을 논의하고 일반적으로 동일한 목적으로 널리 사용되는 GPU 기반 kd-tree 및 CPU 기반 ANN 라이브러리와 비교한 결과를 제시한다. 또한 많은 애플리케이션에서 k가 비교적 작은 값이 필요한 경우가 많다는 사실을 고려해서 k가 warp 내부에서 직접 처리 가능한 2, 4, 8, 16개일 때 최적화에 집중한다. 구현 세부에서는 사용한 CUB 공개 라이브러리의 루프 내 메모리 관리 방법, GPU 하드웨어 직접 명령 적용 방법 등의 최적화 방법을 논의한다. 실험 결과, 제안하는 방법은 기존의 GPU 기반 유사 방법에 비해 데이터 지점과 질의 지점의 개수가 각각 $2^{23}$개 일 때 16배 이상의 빠른 처리 속도를 보였으며 이러한 경향은 처리해야 할 데이터의 크기가 커지면 더욱 더 커지는 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한피부과학회지
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• 제56권10호
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• pp.609-613
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• 2018

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with an incidence of 0.5~3% of the worldwide population. The pathogenesis of psoriasis is related to dysregulated keratinocyte function and immune reactions. Notably, genetic factors are considered important etiological contributors. Globally, several researchers have recently performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify the genes related with psoriasis. Objective: We aimed to investigate the expression pattern of 2 candidate genes that were identified by GWAS. These include interleukin 28 receptor alpha (IL28RA) and CUB and Sushi multiple domains 1 (CSMD1). Methods: We applied imiquimod cream to develop a psoriasis-like mouse model and obtained skin tissue. We performed immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of IL-28A and CSMD1. Results: IL28RA expression increased at an early time point such as 1 day after the topical application of 5% imiquimod cream. However, its expression returned to baseline levels 2 weeks after the topical application of imiquimod cream. CSMD1 expression also increased after the topical application of imiquimod, with increased expression particularly observed in the upper epidermal layer. Notably, CSMD1 expression decreased 7 days after imiquimod cream application. Conclusion: These results suggest that IL28RA and CSMD1 may play key roles in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.204-211
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 약한 지도학습을 통한 주 객체 위치 검출을 위한 최적의 딥러닝 네트워크 구조를 제안한다. 제안된 네트워크는 약한 지도학습을 통한 주 객체의 위치 검출 정확도를 향상시키기 위해 컨벌루션 블록을 추가하였다. 추가적인 딥러닝 네트워크는 VGG-16을 기반으로 합성곱 층을 더해주는 5가지 추가적인 블록으로 구성되며 객체의 실제 위치 정보가 필요하지 않는 약한 지도 학습의 방법으로 학습하였다. 또한 객체의 위치 검출에는 약한 지도학습의 방법 중, CAM에서 GAP이 필요하다는 단점을 보완한 Grad-CAM을 사용하였다. 제안한 네트워크는 CUB-200-2011 데이터 셋을 이용하여 성능을 테스트하였으며 Top-1 Localization Error를 산출하였을 때 50.13%의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 제안한 네트워크는 기존의 방법보다 주 객체를 검출하는데 더 높은 정확도를 보인다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2018년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.293-296
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• 2018

생성적 적대 네트워크를 활용하여 텍스트, 스케치 등 다양한 자원으로부터 이미지를 생성하기 위한 연구는 활발하게 진행되고 있으며 많은 실용적인 연구가 존재한다. 하지만 기존 연구들은 텍스트나 스케치 등 각 하나의 자원을 통해 이미지를 생성하기 때문에 설명이 부족한 텍스트, 실제 이미지와 상이한 스케치와 같이 자원의 정보가 불완전한 경우에는 제대로 된 이미지를 생성하지 못한다는 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존 연구의 한계점올 극복하기 위해 텍스트와 스케치 두 개의 자원을 동시에 활용하여 이미지를 생성하는 새로운 생성 기법 TS-GAN 을 제안한다. TS-GAN 은 두 단계로 이루어져 있으며 각 단계를 통해 더욱 사실적인 이미지를 생성한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 기법은 컴퓨터 비전 분야에서 많이 활용되는 CUB 데이터세트를 사용하여 이미지 생성 결과의 우수성을 보인다.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.371-389
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• 2019

The implementation of a robust $H_{\infty}$ Control, which is numerically efficient for uncertain nonlinear dynamics, on longitudinal and lateral autopilots is realised for a quarter scale Piper J3-Cub model accepted as an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) under the condition of sensor noise and disturbance effects. The stability and control coefficients of the UAV are evaluated through XFLR5 software, which utilises a vortex lattice method at a predefined flight condition. After that, the longitudinal trim point is computed, and the linearization process is performed at this trim point. The "${\mu}$-Synthesis"-based robust $H_{\infty}$ control algorithm for roll, pitch and yaw displacement autopilots are developed for both longitudinal and lateral linearised nonlinear dynamics. Controller performances, closed-loop frequency responses, nominal and perturbed system responses are obtained under the conditions of disturbance and sensor noise. The simulation results indicate that the proposed control scheme achieves robust performance and guarantees stability under exogenous disturbance and measurement noise effects and model uncertainty.