• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.159-161
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• 2003

The coat protein (CP) gene of Apple mosaic virus (ApMV), a member of the genus Ilarvirus, was selected for the design of virus-specific primers for amplification and molecular detection of the virus in cultivated apple. A combined assay of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed with a single pair of ApMV-specific primers and crude nucleic acid extracts from virus-infected apple for rapid detection of the virus. The PCR product was verified by restriction mapping analysis and by sequence determination. The lowest concentration of template viral RNA required for detection was 100 fg. This indicates that the RT-PCR for detection of the virus is a 10$^3$times more sensitive, reproducible and time-saving method than the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The specificity of the primers was verified using other unrelated viral RNAs. No PCR product was observed when Cucumber mosaic virus (Cucumovirus) or a crude extract of healthy apple was used as a template in RT-PCR with the same primers. The PCR product (669 bp) of the CP gene of the virus was cloned into the plasmid vector and result-ant recombinant (pAPCP1) was selected for molecule of apple transformation to breed virus-resistant transgenic apple plants as the next step. This method can be useful for early stage screening of in vitro plantlet and genetic resources of resistant cultivar of apple plants.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.240-247
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• 1998

This experiment was carried out investigate changes in proximate composition, pH, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), thiobarbituric acid value (TBA) and mineral contents of pure Kaesojoo (PK) and Kaesojoo added medicinal herbs (KMH) during storage period (30 days) at 4$^{\circ}C$ and -18$^{\circ}C$. Two dogs with 12kg live weight were slaughtered to obtain samples from extracts. The results obtained were as follows: Crude fat and ash of KMH were higher than those of the PK, but the moisture and crude protein was higher in the PK (p＜0.001). Proximate composition did not affect cold and frozen storage and storage period. the pH of the PK through all periods. The VBN value of all treatment gradually increased during storage period. That of KMH tend to be lower than PK, all treatment was maintained freshness. The TBA value of all treatment gradually increased during storage period (p＜0.05). Cold storage and PK tend to be higher frozen storage and KMH. Among minerals Ca, K, Mg, Na, P contents of the KMH were higher than those of the PK and the Ca, Mg, Zn contents were significantly changes (p＜0.05) according to the storage period and temperature.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.15-24
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• 1962

In the previous report it was demonstrated that aqueous extracts of two Korean indigenous crude drugs, Radix Jingyu and Fructus ponciri, have an excellent tick repellent effect, and also the need for further analytical study of these crude drugs was suggested. In the experiments to be reported herein, attempts were made to find out the active ingredients from Radix Jingyu, since the aqueons extract of Radix Jingyu proved to be mone effective than that of Fructus ponciri. It will be shown that the active ingredient is indicative of Lycaconitine, a known alkaloid. An aqueons solution containing 1.5 Gms of Lycaconitine in tartrate when sprayed on a cow exerted tick repellent effect against Boophilus microplus which lasted approximately 25 days without any harmful influences on cattle. It will also be shown that the oil-fat components of Radix Jingyu act synergistically with Lycaconitine in accelerating and lengthening the effect, although the components alone have no effect under the conditions tested. It was of interest to note that the oil-fat components of Radix Jingyu showed definite repellent effect against the larvae of Boophilus microplus in laboratory experiments by the method newly devised. On the basis of these observations, it was concluded that Lycaconitine can be used as cattle tick repellent, and the evidence seems to warrant a large scale production of Lycaconitine for its widespread use. Further studies on the possible effect of the alkaloid on other genera or species of ticks and related vermins were also indicated.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.20-25
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• 1996

Wood chips of oak(Quercus mongolica) and larch(Larix leptolepis) were exploded with the optimum condition. Main components of exploded wood were separated with hot hot water and methanol. The hemicelluloses were purified from hot water extracts and alditol complexs were prepared from purified hemicellulose. And also, cellulose nitrate was prepared from extractive residue and characterized. The results can be summarized as follows. 1. Amounts of carbohydrate(72~79%) in the crude hemicellulose of larch wood was more than those of oak wood(55~66%). 2. The crude hemicelluloses were mainly composed of oligosaccharides in oak wood but those in larch wood contained about 50% monosaccharides. 3. Decolorization of hemicellulose was successful with activated charcoal and ion-exchange resin treatment. The alditol yields were 56.3~82.9%. 4. The degree of substitution(D.S.) of cellulose nitrate was 1.95~2.87 and it showed a good acetone solubility.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1096-1099
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• 2009

This study investigated change in the chemical components and antioxidant activity of ramie (Boehmeria nivea) leaves (RL) for the development of functional foods. Proximate compositions of protein, crude ash, and crude fat were 24.49, 11.41, and 4.89%, respectively. Contents of minerals of calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) were 1,874, 1,433, 362, and 16 mg/100 g, respectively. ${\alpha},\;{\beta}$, and ${\gamma}$-Tocopherol contents were 9.79, 0.18, and 1.44 mg/100 g, respectively. Linoleic and linolenic acid contents were higher than those of palmatic and stearic acid. Total phenolic and flavonoids contents showed the high level of 149 and 49 mg/g. The $IC_{50}$ values of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, and superoxide radical scavenging of RL extracts were 688, 424, and $596{\mu}g/mL$, respectively, while the radical scavenging values by butylated hydroxylanisole (BHA) were 92, 58, and $98{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Thus, RL has the potential to be used as a healthy and functional food ingredient.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.398-402
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• 1994

잣죽의 점도를 낮추는 주요원인이 amylase작용에 의한 것임을 증명하기 위하여 잣으로부터 조효소를 분리하고 작용특성을 조사하였다. 잣의 초산완충액 추출물에 ammonium sulfate를 가하여 $35{\sim}55%$ 포화되도록 하였을 때 침전하는 획분이 가장높은 ${\alpha}-amylase$의 specific activity를 나타내었다. 이 효소의 적정 작용조건은 $75^{\circ}C$, pH5.4이었으며 쌀가루에 첨가하여 amylograph 양상을 관찰한 결과 쌀가루의 점도를 크게 낮추는 것으로 나타났다.

• 약학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.214-219
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• 1998

Tissue distributions and association of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with inflammatory have led us to search for COX-2 selective inhibitors from natural products. Conceptually, COX- 2 selective inhibitors should be expected to retain anti-inflammatory efficacy by inhibition of PGs production while reducing or eliminating the gastric, renal and hemostatic side effects commonly associated with NSAIDs use. Thus, a logical approach to the treatment of inflammatory diseases should involve the inhibitors of COX-2. To develop new COX-2 inhibitors from natural products, two hundred crude drugs were screened by inhibiting PGD2 generation in bone marrow derived mast cells (BMMC). Among them, 6 methanol extracts of crude drugs such as, Bletillae rhizoma, Aconiti kgreani rhizoma, Belamcandae rhizoma, Nelumbinis semen, Gleniae radix, Aurantii immatri pericarpium inhibited more than 85% of BMMC COX-2 activity at a concentration 2.5${\mu}$g/ml.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.274-285
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• 2015

In view of the environmental and health hazards posed by synthetic insecticides, the use of plant products as botanical insecticides has gained increasing in recent years. In this study, we reported the insecticidal activity of extracts isolated from Coptis chinensis. On crude extraction, among the various solvent types tested (water, 1% (w/v) of sodium hydroxide, 70% ethanol), the 70% ethanol extract showed the best insecticidal activity (36.5%). Three different fractions (n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate) were obtained from crude extract (70% ethanol) of the chloroform fraction and found to have noteworthy insecticidal activity (62.9%) by filter paper contact bioassay. Their chemical structures were identified as 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol and aniline by head space-GC-MS analysis. Both compounds displayed a dose-dependent insecticidal activity of Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Insecticidal activity at the lowest concentration tested (500 ppm) approached 85.4% in the aniline compared with 79.9% in the 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol. The insecticidal activity was greater for the aniline than 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol. It is believed that the insecticidal activity is due mainly to the presence of aniline.

• Mycobiology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.370-381
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• 2018

Bioactive natural compounds, isolated from fungal endophytes, play a promising role in the search for novel drugs. They are an inspiring source for researchers due to their enormous structural diversity and complexity. During the present study fungal endophytes were isolated from a well-known medicinal shrub, Berberis aristata DC. and were explored for their antagonistic and antioxidant potential. B. aristata, an important medicinal shrub with remarkable pharmacological properties, is native to Northern Himalayan region. A total of 131 endophytic fungal isolates belonging to eighteen species and nine genera were obtained from three hundred and thirty surface sterilized segments of different tissues of B. aristata. The isolated fungi were classified on the basis of morphological and molecular analysis. Diversity and species richness was found to be higher in leaf tissues as compared to root and stem. Antibacterial activity demonstrated that the crude ethyl acetate extract of 80% isolates exhibited significant results against one or more bacterial pathogens. Ethyl acetate extract of Alternaria macrospora was found to have potential antibacterial activity. Significant antioxidant activity was also found in crude ethyl acetate extracts of Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus flavus. Similarly, antagonistic activity of the fungal endophytes revealed that all antagonists possessed inhibition potential against more than one fungal pathogen. This study is an important step towards tapping endophytic fungal diversity for bioactive metabolites which could be a step forward towards development of novel therapeutic agents.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.184-195
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• 2019

This study investigates the hair restoration efficacy of selected radish saponin extracts on nude mice. Nude mice genetically predisposed to pattern balding were used in this study. Our study revealed the underlying mechanism of stimulating hair growth in athymic nude mice by repair the nu/nu follicular keratin differentiation defect. Thus, the topical application of radish saponin may represent a novel strategy for the management and therapy of certain forms of alopecia. The term of hair density of PEE treated nude mice were significantly increase as compared with of control nude mice. Histological observation of skin sample showed no hair follicle or only distorted hair follicles were observed in the control samples, in contrast, by the PEE treatment groups showed a fully formed and increased the number of hair follicles up to three times higher than that of control group in terms of the number of hair follicles in nude mouse skin.PEE treated mice the number of BrdU-labeled keratinocytes per anagen follicle increased significantly, especially in the follicular bulbs and outer root sheath compared with the control mice. Moreover, PEE-treated nude mice also exhibited a significant increase in the number of BrdU-labeled epidermal keratinocyte proliferation.