• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.190.4-191
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• 2003

This study was carried out to examine the constituents of Amorpha fruticosa (Leguminosae), a shrub originated from North Africa. Dried and ground fruit of A. fruticosa were extracted with methanol and then concentrated to give the crude extracts. The crude extracts was successively fractioned with organic sovents, such as n-hexane, CH$_2$Cl$_2$ and EtOAc. Seven compounds were isolated from the fruits of A. fruticosa. On the basis of spectrosopic data, the structures of these compounds were determined as: kaempferol 7-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranoside (I), methyl 3,4,5- trihydroxybenzoate (methyl gallate, II), tephrosin (III), dalbinol (IV), gallic acid (V), 2",4",5",7-tetramethoxyisofavone (Ⅵ) and Dalbinol 2"-O-${\beta}$-D-Glucopyranoside (Ⅶ) respectively. (omitted)

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.379-384
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• 1990

In order to study the lipid peroxidation caused by light and the protective action it in biological memberane, reverse-phase evaporation liposome (REV) was employed as a model memberance and the effect of several antioxidants and ginseng water extracts were tested. In the presence of photosensitizer, liposome was oxidized easily and the oxidation index dut to the peroxidation was increased. The oxidation index of liposome was increased according to the increase in temperature. When dl-${\alpha}$-tocopherol, ${\beta}$-carotene or L-ascorbic acid was added into the reaction mixture, the photooxidation of liposome was inhibited. Ginseng water extract and crude saponin inhibited the rate of oxidation index of liposome in low concentration but increase in high concentration. On the other hand, when lipid hydroperoxide of liposome was tested by ferrothiocyanate method, ginseng water extract and crude saponin acted as antioxidants.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.344-351
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• 1984

Crude 3 M KCI extracts of ovine foetal skin (FLS) were shown to induce serum inhibition of lymphocyte blastogenesis when injected to normal sheep. When fractionated through Sephadex C-150 columns, four protein peaks were obtained, immunosuppressive activity in vitro and in vivo being associated with Peak IV. In discussion, the immunosuppressive activity of FLS is compared with that obtained with extracts of ovine squamous cell carcinoma, and possible identity of the immunosuppressors is suggested.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.383-391
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the applicability of gamma irradiation for improving the quality of paprika and Japanese apricot extract-treated nitrite free pork jerky. Pork jerky was gamma-irradiated at 0, 3, 5, 7 and 10 kGy and physiochemical properties such as proximate composition, 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) values, color stability, texture, and sensory property were then evaluated. The results showed that the treatment of paprika and Japanese apricot extract to the pork jerky increased Hunter color value and texture property and at the same time decreased TBARS values. When gamma irradiated, natural pigment extract-treated pork jerky did not produce any change in its proximate composition (moisture, crude protein, crude lipid contents), and TBARS values. However, the redness (a-value) of pork jerky increased as the irradiation dose increased, whereas shear force of pork jerky was decreased. Sensory result showed that gamma irradiation induced to decrease the sensory scores. Therefore, these results suggest that gamma irradiation and the addition of paprika and Japanese apricot extracts could be an effective mean to improve color and texture of restructured pork jerky without use of nitrite.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.181-187
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• 2023

The control of intestinal α-amylase and α-glucosidase is an effective therapeutic strategy for prevention of post-prandial hyperglycemia associated with diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-diabetes activities of Korean edible seaweed against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, two carbolytic enzymes involved in serum glucose regulation. Of the 41 species initially screened, Cladophora wrightiana var. minor, Eisenia bicyclis, Ecklonia cava, Ishige foliacea, and Ishige okamurae exhibited the strongest inhibitory activities from brown seaweeds. Asparagopsis taxiformis showed the strongest inhibitory effects from red seaweeds. The results of this study suggest that the crude brown seaweed extracts (C. wrightiana var. minor, E. bicyclis, E. cava, I. foliacea, and I. okamurae) and crude red seaweed extracts (A. taxiformis) may have beneficial effects suppressing the rise in postprandial hyperglycemia through the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1980

In order to establish effective extracting method of ginseng extracts from fresh ginseng, the yield, chemical composition, physical properties and organoleptic quality of the extracts, which are extracted with various concentrations of ethanol, were investigated. The results are as follows : 1. The yield of the extracts was increased with decreasing the concentration of ethanol as solvent. As in case of water as a solvents, the highest yield was achieved when 23.64% of water was used. The yield were 12.3% and 9.05%, when 70% and 90% of ethanol were used, respectively lively. 2. Crude protein content is the highest level and nitrogen·free extracts content is the lowest at the concentration of 50% ethanol. Lipid was increased linerly while ash was decreased as increment of ethanol concentration. 3. Viscosity and residue of the extracts also decreased in accordance with the increament of ethanol concentration and the transmittance value and pH of extract solutions were almost similar except transmittance value of the water extracts. 4. The extracts extracted with 70% ethanol gave the best result of sensory test. The total sensory test score of each extracts (70%, 90%, 50%, 0% and 30%) were 70, 65, 50, 46 and 41, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.82-82
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.263-265
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• 1993

Brine shrimp toxicity of water extracts of twenty three crude drugs was tested by the brine shrimp bioassay. Eight crude drugs were shown to have 100% mortality in $1000{\;}{\mu}g/ml$. They were fractionated by Amberlite XAD-2 column chromatography and were tested by the brine shrimp bioassay. Methanol fraction of Rhei Rhizoma $(LC_{50}=49.60{\;}{\mu}g/ml)$ and Cantharis $(LC_{50}=54.08{\;}{\mu}g/ml)$ were shown to have potent brine shrimp toxicity in this test.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.391.2-391.2
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• 2002

The inhibitory activity of several crude drugs on $\alpha$-glucosidase, which are the key enzyme for carbohydrate digestion and the prevention of diabetic complications. was investigated. This experiment was designed to examine the hypoglycaemic effect of four water extracts crude drugs. We found two drugs. Mori radicis Cortex and Cudraniae radicis Cortex in several crude drugs remarkably inhibited $\alpha$-glucosidase. Two crude drugs were examined in streptozotocin induced high blood glucose mice. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2012

BACKGROUND: Anthracnose disease caused by Collectotrichum spp. is one of the most important worldwide devastating diseases in red pepper plants. Fungicides using plant extracts have several advantages, compared to synthetic chemical fungicides, because they are naturally occurring compounds, are usually safe for agricultural environment and are used for producing highly valuable agricultural products. Efforts for seeking an anti-fungal activities using naturally occurring compounds were mostly conducted from medicinal plant extracts. Sap of Rhus verniciflus was known to have healing effects on several human diseases. Recently, the extracts of Rhus verniciflus were actively tested for anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, and anti-fungal effects. In this study, the extract of Rhus verniciflus was tested for anti-fungal activity against Colletotrichum spp., which cause anthracnose in red-pepper. METHODS AND RESULTS: After neutralizing extracts of Rhus verniciflus (urushiol contents 70%) with autoclave, the crude extracts were used to investigate inhibitory effects for mycelial growth and spore germination of Colletotrichum spp. on PDA media. The mycelial growth and spore germination of Colletotrichum spp. were inhibited 18-39% and over 50% in response to crude extract of R. verniciflus (1.0 mg/mL). After spraying the extracts at the same concentrations above and then artificially inoculating Colletotrichum spp. on blue and red-pepper fruits, in vitro inhibition effects were examined. At 1.0 mg/mL, the crude extract of R. verniciflus showed inhibition activity in anthracnose incidence on blue- and red-pepper as 68.1-75.0%, through a artificial inoculation of Colletotrichum spp. in a laboratory. For in vivo inhibitory effects, the extracts (1.0, 0.1, and 0.01 mg/mL) were treated on red-pepper plants grown in green house 3 times at the interval of 1 week. Then inhibitory effects were determined by counting diseased fruits at 1 week after final treatment. The incidence of anthracnose was inhibited over 60% in the greenhouse by treatment of crude extract of R. verniciflus (1.0 mg/mL). CONCLUSION(s): Extracts of Rhus verniciflus were shown to have inhibitory effects on mycelial growth, spore germination of Colletotrichum spp. in vitro and on occurrence of anthracnose on pepper fruit in green house.