• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1995.10b
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• pp.82-82
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• 1995

Regulation of enzyme synthesis by transcriptional and translational control systems provides rather stable adaptation to change of amino acid level in the growth medium, while manipulation of enzyme activity through endproduct feedback inhibition represents rather short-term and reversible ways of adjusting metabolic fluctuation of amino acid level. Various control mechanisms interplay to regulate genes encoding enzymes for amino acid biosynthesis in the yeast, Sacchromyces cerevisiae. When amino acids are in short supply, genes under a cross-pathway regulatory mechanism Or general amino acid control (general control) increase their action, in which Gcn4p is the major positive regulator of gene expression. When cells are cultured in minimal medium, basal level expression is also regulated by supplementary control elements, where inorganic phosphate level is additionally involved. Most of amino acid biosynthetic genes are also regulated by the level of endproduct of the pathway. This pathway-specific regulatory mechanism is called specific amino acid control (specific controD, under which gene expression is reduced when endproduct is present in the medium. Derepression of a gene through general control can be usually overridden by repression through specific control, where the endproduct level of that particular pathway is high and not limiting. In this presentation, regulatory factors for basal level expression and general control of yeast amino acid biosynthesis will be discussed, m addition to pathway-specific repression patterns and interaction between CrOSS- and specific-control mechanisms. Preliminary results are also presented from the investigation of the cloned genes in the threonine biosynthetic pathway of the yeast. yeast.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.71 no.6
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• pp.713-738
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• 2019

In the paper the dynamics of the oscillating moving load acting in the interior of the hollow cylinder surrounded with elastic medium is studied within the scope of the exact field equations of 3D elastodynamics. It is assumed that the oscillating load act on the certain arc of the internal circle of the cylinder's cross section and this load moves with constant velocity along the cylinder's axis. The corresponding 3D dynamic problem is solved by employing moving coordinate system, the exponential Fourier transform and the presentation these transforms with the Fourier series. The expressions of the transforms are determined analytically, however their originals are found numerically. Under the investigations carried out in the paper the main attention is focused on the so-called "gyroscopic effect", according to which, the influence of the vibration frequency on the values of the critical velocity and interface stresses are determined. Numerical results illustrated this effect are presented and discussed. In particular, it is established how the non-axisymmetricity of the problem acts on the influence of the load oscillation on its critical velocity and on the interface stresses.

• The Journal of Information Technology and Database
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-62
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• 1994

Information systems for application areas like office automation, customer service or computer aided manufacturing are usually highly interactive and deal with complex document structures composed of multiple media formats. For the realization of these systems, nonstandard database systems, which we call document databases, need to handle different types of coarse-and fine-grained document objects(like full-text documents, graphics and images), hierarchical and non-hierarchical relationships between objects(like composition-links and cross-references using hypertext structures) and document attributes of different types such as formatting/presentation information and access control. In this paper, we present the underlying data model for document databases based on descriptive markup languages that provide mechanisms for specifying the logical structure(or schema) of individual documents stored in the database. We then describe extensions to the data model for supporting notion of composite structures("join" operators for documents) --composition and hyperlinking mechanisms for representing compound documents and inter-linked documents as unique entites separate from their components. Furthermore, due to the interactive nature of the application domains, the database system in conjunction with clients(or browsers) has to support visual navigation and graphical query mechanisms. We describe the functionality of a new user interface paradigm called HyBrow for meeting the above mentioned requirements. The underlying implementation strategy is also discussed.discussed.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.556-567
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• 2024

β-glucan, a polysaccharide found in various sources, exhibits unique physicochemical properties, yet its high polymerization limits clinical applications because of its solubility. Addressing this limitation, we introduce PPTEE-glycan, a highly purified soluble β-1,3/1,6-glucan derived from Aureobasidium pullulans. The refined PPTEE-glycan demonstrated robust immune stimulation in vitro, activated dendritic cells, and enhanced co-stimulatory markers, cytokines, and cross-presentation. Formulated as a PPTEE + microemulsion (ME), it elevated immune responses in vivo, promoting antigen-specific antibodies and CD8+ T cell proliferation. Intratumoral administration of PPTEE + ME in tumor-bearing mice induced notable tumor regression, which was linked to the activation of immunosuppressive cells. This study highlights the potential of high-purity Aureobasidium pullulans-derived β-glucan, particularly PPTEE, as promising immune adjuvants, offering novel avenues for advancing cancer immunotherapy.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.507-512
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• 2022

The subjects of the study are the sedimentary rock slope of the Mesozoic Gyeongsang Supergroup, which has a high risk of failure. The rocks of the slope shall be sandstone, siltstone and dacite, and discontinuities shall develop beddings, shear joints, extension joints, and dacite dyke boundary planes. The type and scale of failure varies depending on the type of rock and the strike/dip of the discontinuities, but the planar failure prevails. Based on the face-mapping data, SMR, physical and mechanical testing of rocks, the critical equilibrium analysis, all representative sections required a countermeasure method because the acceptable safety factor during dry and rainy seasons were far below Fs=1.5 and Fs=1.2. After applying the countermeasure method, both the dry and wet conditions of the slope exceeded the allowable safety factor. In particular, the face-mapping data of the slope-face, the geological cross-sections of several representative sections perpendicular to the slope-face, and the critical equilibrium analysis and the presentation of countermeasure methods that have been reviewed based on them are expected to be reasonable tools for the slope stability.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.745-755
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• 2010

Objectives : The research of dental hygiene has made considerable progress over the past 10 years toward developing a unique body of knowledge for guiding education, practice, and profession. The purpose of this study was to determine Barriers to Research Utilization among Dental Hygiene Researchers. Methods : This study used cross-sectional design, self-reported questionnaire. That was consisted of 31 items(5 categories), reliability was tested(Cronbach's Alpha=0.882). The subjects were 117, mean age was $36.1{\pm}9.3$. They were consisted of full-time faculty (35.9%) and the doctoral course(61.0%). Results : The greatest barriers in dental hygiene research were 'Dental hygienists are isolated from knowledgeable colleagues with whom to discuss with' in Dental Hygienist category and 'The facilities are inadequate for implementation' in setting. In Research category, 'the research has not been replicated' and 'the relevant literature is not complied in one place' in presentation were the greatest. The researchers who were the twenty's, received dental hygiene license after 2000 year and studying for the master's degree had more barriers in all categories significantly. Conclusions : This finding provided evidence that there are barriers in dental hygiene research and we found the junior researchers have more difficulties. To improve this barriers, dental hygiene related associations need to focus on the research utilization and encourage them to attend conferences. In addition, research related education should be provided to them. Further study is essential to investigate the barriers for the established researchers in dental hygiene and to find specific solutions.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.85.2-86
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• 2015

The YORP effect is non-gravitational force that changes the spin-status of asteroid. So far this effect has been directly detected only from the Near-Earth asteroids (Taylor et al. 2007; Lowry et al. 2007, 2014; Breiter et al. 2011; Durech et al. 2008, 2012). Pravec at el. 2008 found the evidences for changing spin rate of small asteroids (3 - 15 km) by the YORP effect in the Main-Belt and Mars-crossing asteroids. The Mars-crossing asteroids (1.3 < q < 1.66 AU) are objects that cross orbit of the Mars. The Mars-crossing asteroids are regarded as one of the main sources for the Near-Earth asteroids. We expect that rotation of Mars-crossing asteroids would be influenced by the YORP effect. We try to search observational evidence of the YORP effect for the Mars-crossing asteroid. Our target 2078 Nanking is a population of the Mars-crossing asteroid. First light-curve of 2078 Nanking was obtained from Mohamed et al. 1994, and Warner et al. 2015 recently published new observational data. We observed this asteroid on 26th Nov. 2014 and 17th Jan. 2015 using SOAO (Sobaeksan Optical Astronomy Observatory) 0.61 m telescope with 4K CCD. Using light-curve inversion method (Kaasalainen & Torppa 2001; Kaasalainen et al. 2001), we try to determine the pole orientation and shape model of this asteroid based on the combination of our light-curve and literature photometric data. Knowing spin parameters, such as rotational period and spin axis, are essential for studying the YORP effect. In this presentation, we provide some preliminary results of our recent study: light-curve and processing of shape modeling of 2078 Nanking. We plan to find observational clue for the YORP effect on the Mars-crossing asteroids.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4577-4580
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• 2012

Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of prostate cancer may largely influenced by patients' age at presentation. This study is aimed to evaluate the characteristics, diagnostic and treatment strategies in prostate cancer patients in our centres. A cross-sectional analytic study of prostate cancer data in two main referral cancer centres, Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital and Dharmais National Cancer Centre from 1995-2010, was therefore performed. Patients were divided into 2 sub-populations; below 60 years (younger patients) and 75 years old and above (older patients). PSA levels, diagnostic modalities, Gleason score and therapeutic options were analysed for both and compared using bivariate analysis. 152 patients were <60 years and 210 were ${\geq}75$ years. There was no statistical difference in mean PSA level (797.9ng/mL vs 345.3 ng/mL, respectively; p>0.05) and diagnosis was made by biopsy in majority of patients in both groups (68.2% and 71.6% in younger and older groups respectively). Most presented with an advanced disease stage (65.1% and 66.0%, respectively) and there was no statistically significant difference in mean Gleason scores f (8.1 vs 7.7; p>0.05). Primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT) was the main treatment for overall patients (48.0% and 50.7%, respectively). Radiotherapy and radical prostatectomy are the main therapeutic modalities for younger patients with local and locally advanced disease (39.6% and 35.4% respectively), while the majority of older patients with the same disease stage were treated with radiotherapy and PADT (45.8% and 39.0% respectively). Differences observed in treatment modalities were statistically significant (p<0.0003). We conclude that there is no difference in disease clinical aggressiveness of the two groups but significant differences were observed in therapeutic strategies utilised with younger and older patients.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 2016

Purpose: This study investigated the linking words of nurse which were presented together with nurse on phrase, clauses or sentence of documents or conversations in the Internet portals and social media. Methods: The linking words with nurse were calculated by the number of presentation on conversations or documents, in Google, Daum, Naver, Twitter and Facebook. The changes of characteristics and the trend of yearly changes of major linking words of nurse were investigated by the type of media. In order to identify the meaning of the words, clustering of the collected linking words by categories was analysed and the characteristics of each cluster were classified. Results: A total number of reviewed linking words was 17,399,711 and the most frequently presenting words were hospital, work and person. The words related to people were the most highly presented and the next were those of emotion, professional and place respectively. Conclusion: With analysing the trends of changes and characteristics of words by yearly base and clusters, we attempted to investigate the image of nurse that the public think and feel about nurse.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.916-928
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• 2009

The objective of this study is to investigate the differences in online visual merchandising practices of online apparel retailers between Korea and China. The 40 websites based on the sales were selected with 5 retail stores per website. Totally, 200 online retail stores were analyzed by content analysis and chi-square test. As a result, 8 online visual merchandising factors were extracted: convenience, product presence, product information, service, interest, participation, aesthetics, and fitness. There were significant differences in all 8 factors of online visual merchandising practices of apparel retail stores between Korea and China. The contribution of this study is to supply for understanding of what are the online visual merchandising composition items and factors and how they were used differently between Korea and China in a real situation of online visual merchandising.