• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.21-37
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• 2002

The third sex implying a mismatch between sex and gender has been regarded as an extreme socio-cultural violation. In its earlier version, such a violation was expressed by cross-dressing; Women's cross-dressing was thought to invoke eroticism, while men's cross-dressing was considered comic or delinquent. However, as feminism developed more with the homosexual identity expressed openly, the third sex began to be visual. Thus, in 1990's, some homosexual monies began to develop to be pluralized enough to suggest the third sex and thereby, change the negative sex into a positive one. In this study, such a pluralization is discussed in terms of invisibility, dichotomy and androgyny. The cross-dressing movies show females in male attire or males in female attire to reflect the third sex. The cross-dressing may be divided into men's playful cross-dressing, women's political cross-dressing and homosexuals'cross-dressing or 'drag'. Gender identity is not an attribute fixed by some physical characteristics, but it tends to be changed or expanded by some social factors over time. In short, it may be a flexible, plural, individual and self-introspective attribute. Movies present diverse types of gender identities, and in particular, the movie costumes specify them. In other words, the costumes may be model means expressing the gender identities, and the gender identities shown in the movies tend to be imitated, re-created or assumed by the audience.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.91-108
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• 2013

In this study, we empirically examine cross-sectional determinants of IT personnel size of Korean listed companies from year 2004 to year 2009. Also, cross-sectional determinants of IT personnel size involved in managing internal control over financial reporting (hereafter, "ICFR") were examined. IT personnel or IT workers are recognized as critical intangible resources comprising firm's IT capability. Although IT personnel are regarded as important resources, there are not much information about factors explaining the size of firms' IT personnel. Fortunately, the Korean governmant regulates that every listed companies should dislclose the number of IT workers and ICFR-related IT personnel in their annual reports. This study utilizes the mandatorily disclosed IT personnel data to analyze cross-sectional determinants of korean listed companies' IT personnel size. Empirical results show that profitability, uncertainty, leverage, industry types are statistically significant factors associated with the size of IT personnel.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.114-149
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• 2024

Internet-only banks (IOB) refer to financial institutions which provide services entirely through online digital platforms without physical branches. Although IOBs have been around for over 26 years, there is still room for investigating what factors motivate customers to use them continuously and extensively. Therefore, this study aims to examine what factors lead to customers' intention of continued use and cross-buying on IOBs by extending the Post-Acceptance Model of IS Continuance (PAMISC). The result shows that perceived economic benefit and ongoing trust have significant relationships with the intention of continued use and that ongoing trust has significant direct and mediating (via intention of continued use) relationships with the intention of cross-buying. Also, personal innovativeness positively moderates the relationship between ongoing trust and the intention of cross-buying. This study sheds light on the literature on branchless financial services and PAMISC. IOB practitioners should revisit the effectiveness of customers' economic benefits to establish ongoing trust with customers.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.28-28
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• 1995

The aim of the present study is to investigate the interannual variabilities of the East Asia monsoon rainfall associated with the global sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA). For this study, the summer rainfall(from June to August) over the twenty-eight period of 1961-1988 were analyzed with being divided by nine-subregions over East Asia including Korea, China and Japan. From the analysis of the principal modes explaining the interannual variation, the interannual variabilities of summer rainfalls in South Japan and Korea are larger than those of the other subregions of the East Asia. There is a strong negative correlation between the summer rainfalls of south China and Korea. In this study, the relationship between the summer monsoon of each subregion and SSTs of the tropical NINO regions, of western Pacific warm pool, and of the subtropical ocean were investigated. The longitudinal sections of the lagged cross correlations of the summer rainfal1 anomaly in (a) Korea and (b) south China, and the monthly SSTA in the equatorial(averaged from 65 to 6N) Pacific were analyzed. The negative maximum correlation pattems of Korea''s stammer rainfal1 and SSTs over the eastern Pacific is transfered to positive maximum conrlation over central Pacific region with a biennial periodicity. In South China, the significant positive correlations are found at -12 month lag over the eastern Pacific and maximum negative correlation at 16 month lag over the central Pacific with the quasi-biennial oscillation. But the correlation coefficient reverses completely to that in Korea. In order to investigate the most prevailing interannual variability of rainfall related to the favored SSTA region, the lagged cross correlations between East Asia rainfall and SSTs over the moO regions(NINO 1+2(0-105, 90W-80W), NINO 3(5N-5S, 150W-90W), NINO 4(5N-5S, 160E-l50W) and the western Pacific worm pool (5N-5S, 120E-l60E) were analyzed. Among the lagged cross-correlation cycles in NINO regions, the maximum correlations for the negative lagged months prevail in NINO 1+2 and NINO 3, and the cross correlations for the positive lagged months NINO 4. It is noteworthy that correlation between the western Pacific warm pool SSTA and the monsoon rainfall in Korea and South China have the maximum value at negative 4 month lag. The evolution of the correlation between the East Asia monsoon rainfall and SSTA is linked to the equatorial convective cluster and related to northward propagating situation, and raising the possibility that the East Asia monsoon precipitation may be more fundamentally related to the interaction of intraseasonal oscillations and the sub-regional characteristics including the surface boundary conditions and the behavior of climatological air mass.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.413-426
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• 1995

The aim of the present study is to investigate the interannual variabilities of the East Asia monsoon rainfall associated with the global sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA). For this study, the summer rainfall(from June to August) over the twenty-eight period of 1961-1988 were analyzed with being divided by nine-subregions over East Asia including Korea, China and Japan. From the analysis of the principal modes explaining the interannual variation, the interannual variabilities of summer rainfalls in South Japan and Korea are larger than those of the other subregions of the East Asia. There is a strong negative correlation between the summer rainfalls of south China and Korea. In this study, the relationship between the summer monsoon of each subregion and SSTs of the tropical NINO regions, of western Pacific warm pool, and of the subtropical ocean were investigated. The longitudinal sections of the lagged cross correlations of the summer rainfal1 anomaly in (a) Korea and (b) south China, and the monthly SSTA in the equatorial(averaged from 65 to 6N) Pacific were analyzed. The negative maximum correlation pattems of Korea's stammer rainfal1 and SSTs over the eastern Pacific is transfered to positive maximum conrlation over central Pacific region with a biennial periodicity. In South China, the significant positive correlations are found at -12 month lag over the eastern Pacific and maximum negative correlation at 16 month lag over the central Pacific with the quasi-biennial oscillation. But the correlation coefficient reverses completely to that in Korea. In order to investigate the most prevailing interannual variability of rainfall related to the favored SSTA region, the lagged cross correlations between East Asia rainfall and SSTs over the moO regions(NINO 1+2(0-105, 90W-80W), NINO 3(5N-5S, 150W-90W), NINO 4(5N-5S, 160E-l50W) and the western Pacific worm pool (5N-5S, 120E-l60E) were analyzed. Among the lagged cross-correlation cycles in NINO regions, the maximum correlations for the negative lagged months prevail in NINO 1+2 and NINO 3, and the cross correlations for the positive lagged months NINO 4. It is noteworthy that correlation between the western Pacific warm pool SSTA and the monsoon rainfall in Korea and South China have the maximum value at negative 4 month lag. The evolution of the correlation between the East Asia monsoon rainfall and SSTA is linked to the equatorial convective cluster and related to northward propagating situation, and raising the possibility that the East Asia monsoon precipitation may be more fundamentally related to the interaction of intraseasonal oscillations and the sub-regional characteristics including the surface boundary conditions and the behavior of climatological air mass.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.823-831
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• 1998

In order to investigate the impulsive noise at the exit of high-speed railway tunnel and the pressure transients inside the tunnel, numerical calculations using a Total Variation Dimishing difference scheme were applied to axisymmetric unsteady compressible flow field. Some compression wave forms were assumed to model the compression wave produced in real high-speed railway tunnel. The numerical data were extensively explored to analyze the peak over-pressure and maximum pressure gradient in the pressure wavefront. The effect of the distance and cross-sectional area ratio between two-continuous ducts on the characteristics of the pressure waves were investigated. The peak over-pressure inside the second duct decreases for the distance and cross-sectional area ratio between two tunnels to increase. The peak over-pressure and maximum pressure gradient of the pressure wavefront inside the second duct increase as the maximum pressure gradient of initial compression wave increases. The present results were qualitatively well agreed with the results of the previous shock tube experiment.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.149-163
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• 2004

This study analyzed kinematic variables about the cross step, the delivery and the release for women's javelin athletics recorded over 50m in the 2004 Busan International Athletics Competition. It was used the Kwon3D Motion Analysis Package Ver. 3.1 Program(Kwon, 2000) for analysing the kinematic variables about the distance, the velocity, and the angle, then we had the results as follows; 1 In the Cross step phase, the COG velocity was low because their step length was short. To keep the CM velocity from the approach to the last cross over step contact, the athletes have to keep the longer step length within about 130% of the athletics' height. 2. In the Delivery phase, the athletics' COG height was gradually lower, and the deceleration of the COG was going up. As the same in the cross step, Therefore the athletes have to increase the step length within about 100% of their height, in order to increasing the COG velocity. And it was shown they have to make small angle of the elbow as possible from the right foot contact to the left foot contact in order to being the big acceleration of the upperarm at the release phase. 3. In the release phase, it was shown to being low position of the release point as the COG was low and then the release velocity of the upperarm was low. Specially when the shoulder lean lateral angle is big at the release phase, it was shown they have a excessive release angle. And, when it was shown the high rotation angle of the shoulder, the shoulder was opened forward bigger than the trunk was opened forward. So the transmission of velocity from the proximal segments was a fast change.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.99-109
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• 2022

The main reason for the increase in cross-border mergers and acquisitions in developed and emerging countries is globalization and growing economic interdependence across countries. The state of the economy has a significant impact on whether cross-border mergers and acquisitions are encouraged or discouraged by international strategic capital market changes. This study empirically evaluates the influence of determinants of economic development on the scale effect of Cross Border M&As separately on emerging and developed nations as a research gap. We first separated the small and large scale firms based on companies' worth and used panel regression to analyze the impact of GDP, employment rate, and market capitalization on cross-border merger & acquisition deals over the period of 2008-2018. Results indicate that GDP and market capitalization have a positive effect on CBM&A, whereas employment rate has a negative effect on CBM&A deals in large-scale firms of both emerging and developed countries. This study results offer the implication for the potential investors and policymakers to strategically analyze the implementation of cross-border mergers & acquisitions.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• v.73 no.12
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• pp.1855-1862
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• 2018

A reliable set of low-energy electron collision cross sections for the triethoxysilane (TRIES) molecule was derived based on the measured electron transport coefficients for a pure TRIES molecule by using an electron swarm method and a two-term approximation of the Boltzmann equation. The electron transport coefficients calculated using the derived set are in good agreement with experimental value over a wide range of E/N values (ratio of the electric field E to the neutral number density N). The present electron collision cross section set for the TRIES molecule, therefore, is the most reliable so far for plasma discharges and for materials processing using the TRIES molecule. Moreover, the electron transport coefficients for the TRIES-Ar and the $TRIES-O_2$ mixtures were also calculated and analyzed over a wide range of E/N for the first time.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.132-144
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to suggest countermeasures to reduce the damage of manufacturers in halal industries and to increase the transparency of the halal market along with raising some problems of halal supply chain management (HSCM). Design/methodology/approach - To achieve to the aim of this research, halal supply chain is categorized as a green zone or a red zone according to the possibility of cross-contamination, and the study introduces 2 examples in Malaysia and Indonesia regarding cross-contamination. Findings - More than 70% of the companies producing halal-certified products are, ironically, non-Muslim suppliers under the halal certificate system and by using halal supply chain. Most Muslim countries do not exercise control over the completed halal supply chain. In most Muslim countries which do not exercise control over halal supply chain properly, there is always a possibility of cross-contamination of products during the processes of distribution. Research limitations/implications - This research has been conducted by accessing cases in halal supply chain. These cases are found in some Muslim countries, not all Muslim countries. Nevertheless, the authors found the possibility of these cross-contaminations in all Muslim countries, and it will damage the halal market. Originality/value - While existing studies have focused on protecting Muslim consumers by ensuring the integrity of halal products in halal supply chain, there is no research on how to protect halal product manufacturers as another important axis of halal SCM.