• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.566-572
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• 1996

The relationship between the myofibrillar fragmentation and zeugmatin during post-mortem aging was in vestigated by indirect immunofluorescence method using antizeugmatin Antiserum as a measure of meat tenderization. The antizeugmatin antiserum was prepared using bands separated by SDS-PAGE and reacted specifically with zeugmatin, showing no cross-reactivity with the other myofibrillar proteins. By the indirect immunofluorescence method, this antiserum stained the fresh myofibrillar However, the fluorescence intensity decreased with post-mortem time and almost disappeared within 24 hr of storage, in parallel with the myofibrillar fragmentation. It was therefore concluded that zeugmatin can be conveniently used as a measure of meat tenderization during post-mortem aging by immunoflurescence method.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2020

Methamphetamine (MA) is the most common and available drug of abuse in Korea and its primary metabolite is amphetamine (AP). Detection of AP derivatives, such as MA, AP, phentermine (PT), MDA, MDMA, and MDEA by the use of immunoassay screening is not reliable and accurate due to cross-reactivity and insufficient specificity/sensitivity. Therefore, the analytical process accepted by most urine drug-testing programs employs the two-step method with an initial screening test followed by a more specific confirmatory test if the specimen screens positive. In this study, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) method was developed and validated for confirmation of MA and AP in human urine. Urine sample (500 µL) was added with N-isopropylbenzylamine as internal standard and ethyl chloroformate as a derivatization reagent, and then extracted with 200 µL of ethyl acetate. Extracted samples were analysed with GC-MS in the SIM/ Scan mode, which were screened by Cobas c311 analyzer (Roche/Hitachi) to evaluate the efficiency as well as the compatibility of the GC-MS method. Qualitative method validation requirements for selectivity, limit of detection (LOD), precision, accuracy, and specificity/sensitivity were examined. These parameters were estimated on the basis of the most intense and characteristic ions in mass spectra of target compounds. Precision and accuracy were less than 5.2 % (RSD) and ±14.0 % (bias), respectively. The LODs were 3 ng/mL for MA and 1.5 ng/mL for AP. At the screening immunoassay had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 95.1 % versus GC-MS for confirmatory testing. The applicability of the method was tested by the analysis of spiked urine and abusers' urine samples.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.1539-1548
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• 2017

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic pathogen that commonly causes fatal infections in cystic fibrosis and burn patients as well as in patients who are hospitalized or have impaired immune systems. P. aeruginosa infections are difficult to treat owing to the high resistance of the pathogen to conventional antibiotics. Despite several efforts, no effective prophylactic vaccines against P. aeruginosa are currently available. In this study, we investigated the activity of the CIA06 adjuvant system, which is composed of alum and de-O-acylated lipooligosaccharide, on a P. aeruginosa outer membrane protein (OMP) antigen vaccine in mice. The results indicated that CIA06 significantly increased the antigen-specific IgG titers and opsonophagocytic activity of immune sera against P. aeruginosa. In addition, the antibodies induced by the CIA06-adjuvanted vaccine exhibited higher cross-reactivity with heterologous P. aeruginosa strains. Finally, mice immunized with the CIA06-adjuvanted vaccine were effectively protected from lethal P. aeruginosa challenge. Based on these data, we suggest that the CIA06 adjuvant system might be used to promote the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the P. aeruginosa OMP vaccine.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.358-364
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• 2017

Asymmetric PCR preferentially amplifies one DNA strand for use in DNA hybridization studies. Linear-After-The-Exponential-PCR (LATE-PCR) is an advanced asymmetric PCR method which uses innovatively designed primers at different concentrations. This study aimed to optimise LATE-PCR parameters to produce single-stranded DNA of Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. for detection via probe hybridisation. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was used to design limiting primer and excess primer for LATE-PCR. Primer annealing and melting temperature, difference of melting temperature between limiting and excess primer and concentration of primers were optimized. In order to confirm the presence of single-stranded DNA, the LATE-PCR product was hybridised with digoxigenin labeled complementary oligonucleotide probe specific for each fungal genus and detected using anti-digoxigenin antibody by dot blotting. Important parameters that determine the production of single-stranded DNA in a LATE-PCR reaction are difference of melting temperature between the limiting and excess primer of at least $5^{\circ}C$ and primer concentration ratio of excess primer to limiting primer at 20:1. LATE-PCR products of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis and Aspergillus terreus at up to 1:100 dilution and after 1 h hybridization time, successfully hybridised to respective oligonucleotide probes with no cross reactivity observed between each fungal genus probe and non-target products. For Aspergillus fumigatus, LATE-PCR products were detected at 1:10 dilution and after overnight hybridisation. These results indicate high detection sensitivity for single-stranded DNA produced by LATE-PCR. In conclusion, this advancement of PCR may be utilised to detect fungal pathogens which can aid the diagnosis of invasive fungal disease.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.347-356
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• 1997

Solution copolymerization of Styrene(St) and n-Butylmethacrylate(BMA) was carried out with Benzoylperoxide (BPO) as an initiator in toluene at $80^{\circ}C$ in a continuous stirred tank reactor. Reaction volume and residence time were 0.6 liters, 3 hours respectively. The monomer reactivity ratios, $r_1$(St) and $r_2$(BMA) were determined by both the Kelen-Tlidos method and the Fineman-Ross method ; $r_1$=0.75(0.67), $r_2$=0.61(0.56). The cross-termination factor, $\phi$ factor of the copolymer over the entire St compositions ranged from 0.44 to 0.78. The $\phi$ factors of St-BMA copolymer increased with increasing St compositions. Our present system showed that the continuous copolymerization of St with BMA followed second-order kinetic behavior. The simulated conversions and copolymerization rates were compared with the experimental results. The average time to reach dynamic steady-state was three times and half of the residence time.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.679-683
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• 2005

Cancer associated retinopathy (CAR) syndrome is a very rare ocular manifestation of paraneoplastic syndrome, and is characterized clinically by progressive visual impairment. Immune cross-reactivity between antigens in the cancerous tissue and antigens in the retina may play an important role in its pathogenesis, and most of cases are associated with lung carcinoma, particularly small cell lung cancer. The clinical triad of CAR is described as photosensitivity, ring scotomata, and an attenuated retinal arterial caliber. Here, we report a 61-year old male patient with CAR syndrome, who had small cell lung carcinoma in the stage of limited disease, with a brief review of the relevant literature.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.253-266
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• 1995

Recently, available interests concerning the biologic significance of the extracellular matrix and proliferating cells associated with periodontal disease has been increased. The distribution or expression of cellular proliferation by PCNA, macrophage detection by ${\alpha}$-l-antichymotrypsin, fibronectin playing a important role in host defence mechanisms indirectly, and transglutaminase that cross linked to fibronectin and stimulate fibrin stabilization were studied in inflammed and healthy gingiva. The excised tissue samples were fixed neutral formalin for 24 hours, embedded with paraffin, sectioned at 4-61lffi in thickness, and immunohistochemically processed by LSAB method. The positive reaction to PCNA was localized in the suprabasal and basal layer of inflammed gingiva and an increasing reactivity was observed than healthy gingiva. ${\alpha}$-I-antichymotrypsin positive cells were localized in the basal layer of inflammed gingiva, and there was no or rare positive cells in healthy gingiva. The positive reaction to fibronectin in inflammed gingiva was more than healthy gingiva,"and shown in the connective tissue subjacent to basement membrane of epithelium and in the periphery of the collagen fiber bundles. The positive cells by transglutaminase in inflammed gingiva were noted in suprabasal, spinous, and keratin layer of epithelium, and slightly increased in the capillaries of connective tissues. But the results of this study demonstrated in vitro reaction. Therefore, the role of PCNA,${\alpha}$-l-antichyrnotrypsin, transglutaminase, fibronectin and coefficient with other growth factor and extracellular matrix were further investigated in vivo.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.506-512
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• 2011

This study was conducted to validate the theoretical feasibility of a technique to identify biomarkers in Korean native black pig (KNP) and a commercial Landrace breed. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis, we found six proteins (NADH dehydrogenase Fe-S protein 1, an unnamed protein product, similar to T-complex protein 1, annexin V = CaBP33 isoform, fatty acid-binding protein, and catechol O-methyltransferase), which appeared in KNP alone. We raised polyclonal antibodies (used as the primary antibody) for Western blotting to confirm the characteristics of the six KNP proteins. As a result, catechol O-methyltransferase, annexin V = CaBP33 isoform, and the unnamed protein product presented thicker bands in KNP than those in Landrace. Moreover, catechol O-methyltransferase was shown to be more feasible as a biomarker for KNP. However, cross-reactivity was observed with the polyclonal antibodies for KNP and the other three proteins (NADH dehydrogenase, a protein similar to T-complex protein 1, and fatty acid-binding protein). This study only showed limited results from a limited number of animals; however, our research suggests possibilities for future studies.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 1987

This work concerns with a comparison of the 1-dimensional (or 1-D) load follow analysis method with reference to the detailed 3-dimensional (or 3-D) computations. For this purpose a 1-D two-group finite difference code, HLOFO, and a 3-D coarse-mesh code based on the modified Borresen's method, CMSNAC, are developed. The CMSNAC code is used to obtain the 3-D power peaks and reactivity parameters in response to power swing from 100 to 50 and back to 100% in the 12-3-6-3 load cycle for the BOL of the KORI Unit 1 PWR core. The 3-D result is then compared with the 1-D HLOFO computations, the cross section and buckling inputs of which are obtained by combining the flux-volume weighting scheme with the approximate flux from the auxiliary 3-D computations. It is shown that the 1-D computation has a limited accuracy, yet it is confirmed that it can describe the core axial average behavior which is fairly consistent with the detailed 3-D computation.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.936-944
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• 2013

Cronobacter muytjensii is an important foodborne pathogen as a potential risk in infant formula powder (IFP). To develop a new and sensitive method for the detection of Cronobacter spp. in IFP, an immunoglobulin G (IgG) specific for C. muytjensii (formerly known as Enterobacter sakazakii ATCC 51329) was developed. Further, an indirect noncompetitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (INC-ELISA) was developed by using the anti-C. muytjensii IgG. As a result, this newly developed INC-ELISA method was found very sensitive for C. muytjensii with detection limit of $6.5{\times}10^3CFU/ml$ in pure culture and 1 cell/25 g of IFP. This INC-ELISA method also displayed excellent specificity for C. muytjensii showing no cross-reactivity with other strains of Cronobacter genus and 11 other foodborne pathogenic strains. These results show that the developed INC-ELISA method was very sensitive, efficient, and rapid for the detection of C. muytjensii. Hence, this method could be applied to the development of diagnostic kits for the rapid and easy detection of C. muytjensii.