• 농업과학연구
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2016

Chilli is a widely consumed crop throughout the world. However, chilli anthracnose is a major constraint in chilli production leading to huge economic losses worldwide. Colletotrichum is a large genus of Ascomycete fungi, containing species that cause anthracnose diseases on a wide range of crops of economic value. This review is aimed at critically and accurately examining the taxonomic identification of Colletotrichum species by morphological and molecular approaches as well as assessing their management options. The use of appropriate integrated management practices, such as cultural, mechanical, chemical, and biological control, are important in chilli anthracnose disease prevention and control. Emphasis is laid on the use of biological control because it is cost effective and eco-friendly, and is an appropriate approach for disease management. The use of resistant cultivars is the cheapest, easiest, safest, and most effective means of controlling crop diseases. But, since no resistant cultivars of chilli have been developed and commercialized, it is very important to develop biological management strategies. Further studies leading to integrated disease management strategies need to be carried out.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.452-455
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• 2008

"백설찰" 품종은 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부에서 2007년도에 육성한 내병 다수성 찰벼 품종으로 주요특성과 수량성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 출수기는 중부평야 및 호남, 영남평야의 보통기 보비재배에서 8월 16일로 신선찰보다 6일 정도 늦은 중만생종이다. 2. 찰벼로 쌀알은 백도가 높고 도정율은 신선찰벼와 비슷하며 알카리 붕괴도가 높아 호화가 잘되는 편이다. 3. 도열병 및 흰잎마름병 레이스 $K_1{\sim}K_3$에는 저항성 반응을 보였으나 줄무늬 잎마름병, 멸구 및 매미충류에는 약한 반응을 보였다. 4. 유묘 내냉성은 신선찰벼보다 강하고 출수지연일수가 짧으며 임실율은 높은 편이다. 5. 쌀수량은 보통기 보비재배에서 5.37 MT/ha로 신선찰보다 11% 증수되었으나 이모작 재배 및 만식 재배에서는 남평보다 10~13% 감수되었다. 6. "백설찰"은 충남이남 평야지 1모작답에 알맞은 품종이다.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2004년도 The 2004 KSPP Annual Meeting & International Symposium
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• pp.33-34
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• 2004

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• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.375-385
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• 2016

Background: The study was conducted to elucidate the extraction conditions under which white ginseng has cognition-improving efficacy. Methods and Results: Extracts from white ginseng under different solvent and temperature conditions were analyzed for ginsenoside content and inhibitory effect on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and acetylcholinesterase. The total ginsenoside contents and amounts of ginsenoside Rb1 plus ginsenoside Rg1 from the 1st extracts (prepared with EtOH/$H_2O$ as solvent) were higher than those from the 2nd extracts (extracted with $H_2O$ after the 1st EtOH/$H_2O$ extraction). The contents in the 1st and 2nd extracts produced at $80^{\circ}C$ were also higher than those obtained at $50^{\circ}C$. Samples from the 1st extraction at $80^{\circ}C$ indicated higher inhibitory activities on NMDA receptors-whose excessive activation is thought to mediate the calcium-dependent neurotoxicity associated with several neurodegenerative diseases-than those from the 2nd extraction. Among the samples prepared at varying temperatures, the extract prepared at $50^{\circ}C$ showed the highest suppression activity on NMDA receptors. Note, however, that the extracts from the 2nd extraction at $50^{\circ}C$ inhibited acetylcholinesterase-whose inhibition could be a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases with cognitive deficits and memory malfunction-more effectively than those from the 1st extraction. Conclusions: To enhance the cognition-improving activity of white ginseng extract, it is suggested that the extracts be utilized after being combined the 1st extracts (made with EtOH/$H_2O$ solvent) and the 2nd extracts (prepared with $H_2O$) at low temperature.

• 식물병연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

Among the plant specimens requested from agricultural actual places of farmers, Agency of agricultural extension services and so forth for the diagnosis of plant virus diseases in 2009, the rate of crop types was 87.5% for vegetables, 4.0% for upland crops and 3.5% for orchids. In vegetables, the crops damaged severely by viral diseases were red pepper and tomato by the infection rate of 51.6% and 26.5%, orderly. Virus species occurring vegetables were 19 and the economically important viruses were Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) with the infection rate of 33.2%, 16.9%, 16.1% and 7.4%, respectively. Rice stripe virus (RSV) occurred at the whole areas of west coast in Korea in 2009, and its incidence was 14.2% mainly on the susceptible cultivars and yield loss was estimated up to 50%. TYLCV was spread at 34 areas of Si and/or Gun, 22 areas in 2009 and 12 in 2008. Distribution of TSWV was expanded newly in 6 areas of Si and/or Gun including Gangryung, Gangwondo in 2009, and its occurrence areas were 23 Si and/or Gun after first incidence at Anyang area in 2004. Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) was incited newly at Gimcheon area in 2009 with the infection rate of 65.2%, and its soil transmission rate was 55.0% in average.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.3991-4010
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• 2021

The Question Similarity Measurement of Chinese Crop Diseases and Insect Pests (QSM-CCD&IP) aims to judge the user's tendency to ask questions regarding input problems. The measurement is the basis of the Agricultural Knowledge Question and Answering (Q & A) system, information retrieval, and other tasks. However, the corpus and measurement methods available in this field have some deficiencies. In addition, error propagation may occur when the word boundary features and local context information are ignored when the general method embeds sentences. Hence, these factors make the task challenging. To solve the above problems and tackle the Question Similarity Measurement task in this work, a corpus on Chinese crop diseases and insect pests(CCDIP), which contains 13 categories, was established. Then, taking the CCDIP as the research object, this study proposes a Chinese agricultural text similarity matching model, namely, the AgrCQS. This model is based on mixed information extraction. Specifically, the hybrid embedding layer can enrich character information and improve the recognition ability of the model on the word boundary. The multi-scale local information can be extracted by multi-core convolutional neural network based on multi-weight (MM-CNN). The self-attention mechanism can enhance the fusion ability of the model on global information. In this research, the performance of the AgrCQS on the CCDIP is verified, and three benchmark datasets, namely, AFQMC, LCQMC, and BQ, are used. The accuracy rates are 93.92%, 74.42%, 86.35%, and 83.05%, respectively, which are higher than that of baseline systems without using any external knowledge. Additionally, the proposed method module can be extracted separately and applied to other models, thus providing reference for related research.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.122-122
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• 2017

Wheat wild relatives that have never been domesticated contained useful genetic resources such as the resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Leymus racemosus is one of the wild species. It can grow in a harsh environment like seaside and distribute by healthy rhizomes. Also, it has a useful genetic resource such as salt tolerance and different diseases resistance. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chinese Spring; CS) was crossed with L. racemosus. Wheat-L. racemosus disomic addition lines were produced. The purpose of this study is to identify protein expression in each disomic addition line compared to CS. We performed two-dimensional electrophoresis. Two-dimensional gels stained with coomassie brilliant blue (CBB), a total of 1566 differentially expressed proteins were identified by Progenesis Same Spots software from the cultivars. However, a total of 90 protein spots were identified to be either present or absent or showing significantly differential expression when the difference threshold was set to more than 1.5 fold. However, out of the 90 differentially protein spots, a total of 74 spots were sorted for mass spectrometry analysis. The identified proteins may provide important clues for better understanding the molecular changes in the chromosomes carrying Leymus racemosus.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.601-609
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• 2014

In this study, the effect of plant extract on the senescence action and cell survival rate in two types of cells, in which aging was derived by adriamycin, was analyzed to find the materials for suppressing cell senescence from natural resources. The results are as follows. For human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), the fruit of Physalis angulata L. and the aerial part of Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai showed excellent cell-senescence inhibition activities in a treatment concentration-dependent manner, demonstrating the high possibility for utilization as a material for prevention and treatment for vascular diseases. The water extract from the root of Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum for variegatum Y. N. Lee showed potent cell-senescence inhibitory effect for human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Thus it is considered that the additional study on the plant needs for elucidating the possible utilization as material for skin health improvement.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.244-251
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• 2017

Background: The application of crop rotation systems may reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases by releasing allelochemicals and by subsequent microbial decomposition. Methods and Results: For reduction of ginseng root rot by the crop rotation system, after harvesting 6-year-old ginseng, fresh ginseng was grown along with continuous cultivation of sweet potato, peanut, and bellflower. Growth of 2-year-old ginseng was significantly inhibited in the continuous cultivation than in the first cultivation. Sweet potato, peanut and bellflower cultivations assisted in obtaining normal yields of ginseng in the first year after the harvest of 6-year-old ginseng. Salt concentration, potassium and sodium contents were gradually decreased, and, organic matter was gradually increased through cirp rotation. Phosphate, calcium and magnesium contents were not altered. The density of the root rot fungus was gradually decreased by the increase in crop rotation; however it was decreased distinctly in the first year compared to the second and third year. The severity of root rot disease tended to decrease gradually by the increase of crop rotation. Conclusions: Short-term crop rotation for three years promoted the growth of ginseng, however root rot infection was not inhibited significantly, although it was somewhat effective in lowering the density of the root rot pathogen.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1992년도 춘계 학술대회지
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• pp.14-15
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• 1992