• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2 s.130
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• pp.24-28
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• 2005

Monte Carlo simulation was performed on theoretical models of plywood warp for southern yellow pine plywood originating from the United States. The objective of the investigation was to determine which plywood layers was more warp sensitive to veneers that were manufactured to an undesired thickness. This study found that for a balanced panel (a panel of equal target thickness for each of five layers) manufactured veneers of undesired thickness would experience minimal warp. The veneers of undesired thickness placed in the center of the plywood panel also provided a minimum change of plywood warp properties. The panel warp was very sensitive to surface veneers constructed with undesired thickness. Conversely, this study confirms that monitoring of veneer thickness and proper allocations within the plywood lay-up were critical.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2012

The ideal gradating curve is used in this study to estimate densified aggregate blended ratio and total surface area of aggregate, there by under assigned paste amount of concrete, and coating paste thickness can then be deduced. Four groups of concrete mixtures were prepared and the corresponding concrete properties, such as workability, compression strength, ultrasonic velocity, surface resistivity and chloride ion penetration, were measured and finally the results are interpreted in terms of "coating thickness". The result shows as the coating thickness of the concrete is higher than critical one, the coating thickness on aggregate does affect the workability, and whatever workability is required the superplasticizer can be adjusted to achieve the demand workability. Under a fixed paste quality at the same age, coating paste thickness is inversely proportional to the concrete properties, especially as the coating thickness gets thinner.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2018

The thermal and electrical properties of the conductor are critical parametersfor the design and optimization of the superconducting magnet. This paper presents simulation code to analyze electrical and thermal stability characteristics of the second generation (2G) high-temperature superconductor (HTS) by varying copper stabilizer thickness. Two types of commercial 2G HTS coated conductor tapes, YBCO and GdBCO were used in this study. These samples were cooled by Liquid Nitrogen ($LN_2$) having boiling at 77.3 K and an equivalent electrical circuit model for them is choosen and analysed in details. Also, an over-current pulse test in which a current exceeding a critical current was performed. From the simulation results, the influences of the copper stabilizer thickness on the stability characteristics of these samples are presented.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 1996

High temperature anneal of W-rich silicides, inferior to adherence compared with Si-rich silicides, resulted in the film peeling off from the Si-substrate when WSix thickness reached more than critical thickness. Investigation of the W-rich silicide films peeling off from the substrate revealed that the voids underneath the $WSi_2$ produced through silicide reaction were responsible for the poor adherence of W-rich silicide. In addition, internal stress in the film increased as the silicide thickness increased. In order to promote the adhesion of WSix to Si-substrate, thin Ti-layer was formed between WSi and Si-substrate(WSix/Ti/Si). No voids were observed in $WSi_2$/Ti/Si $N_2$-annealed at $1000^{\circ}C$, thereby leading to an increase of the critical thickness from ～1700$\AA$ to more than 2500$\AA$. However, higher resisiti-vity was obtained in WSix/Ti/Si than in WSix/Si. Finally, different silicide reaction mechanism for the structures(WSix/Si, WSix/Ti/Si) was proposed to explain the formation of voids as well as the role of thin Ti-layer.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.783-800
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• 2011

This paper addresses the finite strip formulations for the stability analysis of viscoelastic composite plates with variable thickness in the transverse direction, which are subjected to in-plane forces. While the finite strip method is fairly well-known in the buckling analysis, hitherto its direct application to the buckling of viscoelastic composite plates with variable thickness has not been investigated. The equations governing the stiffness and the geometry matrices of the composite plate are solved in the time domain using both the higher-order shear deformation theory and the method of effective moduli. These matrices are then assembled so that the global stiffness and geometry matrices of a moderately thick rectangular plate are formed which lead to an eigenvalue problem that is solved to determine the magnitude of critical buckling load for the viscoelastic plate. The accuracy of the proposed model is verified against the results which have been reported elsewhere whilst a comprehensive parametric study is presented to show the effects of viscoelasticity parameters, boundary conditions as well as combined bending and compression loads on the critical buckling load of thin and moderately thick viscoelastic composite plates.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.525-554
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• 2018

The paper deals with the study of the dynamics of the oscillating moving ring load acting in the interior of the hollow circular cylinder surrounded by an elastic medium. The axisymmetric loading case is considered and the study is made by employing the exact equations and relations of linear elastodynamics. The focus is on the influence of the oscillation of the moving load and the problem parameters such as the cylinder's thickness/radius ratio on the critical velocities. At the same time, the dependence between the interface stresses and load moving velocity under various frequencies of this load, as well as the frequency response of the mentioned stresses under various load velocity are investigated. In particular, it is established that oscillation of the moving load can cause the values of the critical velocity to decrease significantly and at the same time the oscillation of the moving load can lead to parametric resonance. It is also established that the critical velocity decreases with decreasing of the cylinder's thickness/radiusratio.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.114-121
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• 2004

Frictional heating in brakes causes thermoelastic distortion of the contacting bodies and hence affects the contact pressure distribution. The resulting thermo-mechanical coupling can cause thermoelastic instability (TEI) if the sliding speed is sufficiently high, leading to non-uniform heating called hot spots and low frequency vibration known as hot judder. The vibration of brakes to the known phenomenon of frictionally-excited thermoelastic instability is estimated studying the interface temperature and pressure evolution with time. A simple model has been considered where a layer with half-thickness$\alpha$slides with speed V between two half-planes which are rigid and non-conducting. The advantage of this properlysimple model permits us to deduce analytically the critical conditions for the onset of instability, which is the relation between the critical speed and the growth rate of the interface temperature and pressure. Symmetrical component of pressure and temperature distribution at the layer interfaces can be more unstable than antisymmetrical component. As the thickness $\alpha$ reduces, the system becomes more apt to thermoelastic instability. For perturbations with wave number smaller than the critical$m_{cr}$ the temperature increases with m vice versa for perturbations with wave number larges than $m_{cr}$ , the temperature decreases with m.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.250-256
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• 2011

Vacuum-assisted thermoforming is one of the critical steps for the successful application of film insert molding(FIM) to parts of complex shapes. If the thickness distribution of the formed film is non-uniform, cracking, deformation, warping, and wrinkling can easily occur at the injection molding stage. In this study, the effects of processing parameters, which include the film heating time, plug depth, plug speed and vacuum delay time, on film thickness distribution were investigated. It was found that the film thickness at the part sidewall decreases with increasing the film heating time and plug depth, but the thickness at the bottom was found to exhibit the opposite behavior. The film thickness of the sidewall was observed to increase at higher plug speed and vacuum delay time of 0 ~ 0.3sec.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.133-148
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• 2006

This study suggests a Causal Loop Diagram(CLD) of causality mechanism which are integrating matters of localization, networking, embeddedness & institutional thickness and collective learning. These five factors(localization, networking, embeddedness & institutional thickness, collective learning, innovative synergy) have been studied and proofed Also this study suggest a model of industry cluster based on holistic and global system thinking rather than local and linear thinking.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.235-240
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• 2001

The CHFG (Critical Heat Flux in Gap) test results have been evaluated to quantify the critical power in hemispherical narrow gaps and a new correlation has been developed. The CHFG test results have shown that increases in the gap thickness and pressure lead to an increase in critical power. The pressure effect on the critical power was found to be much milder than predictions by CHF correlations of other researches. From the CHFG test results, a new correlation on critical power in the hemispherical gap has been developed using the non-dimensional parameters as follows: $$\frac{qCHF}{{\rho}g^hfg}{\cdot}4\sqrt{\frac{{\rho}_g^2}{g{\sigma}{\Delta}{\rho}}=\frac{0.1042}{1+0.1375({\rho}g/{\rho}l)^{0.21}(D/s)}$$ The developed correlation has been expanded to apply the spherical geometry using the Siemens/KWU's correlation.