• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.216-218
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• 2003

A fracture mechanics analysis methodology for stress corrosion cracks (SCCs) existing in the Alloy 600 nozzle weld joint for control rod drive mechanisms (CRDMs) of pressurized water reactor is studied. Effects of weld residual stresses on the sub-critical crack behavior during the reactor operation are investigated by a fracture mechanics analysis, which is combined with the finite element alternating method. It is found that effects f the residual stresses on the stress intensity factor (SIF) and crack growth rate (CGR) are dominant and values of SIF and CGR of cracks in the region of weld joint are increased by a factor of three or more on an average.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2003

The development of new materials with light weight and high strength has become vital to the machinery, aircraft and auto industries. However, there are a lot of problems with developing such materials that require such expensive tools, as well as a great deal of time and effort. Therefore, the improvement of fatigue life through, the adoption of residual stress, is the main focus. The compressive residual stress was imposed on the surface according to each shot velocity(1800, 2200, 2600, 3000rpm) based on Shot-peening, which is the method of improving fatigue life and strength. By using the methose mentioned above, we arrived at the following conclusions; 1. The fatigue crack growth rate(da/dN) of the Shot-peened material was lower than that of the Un-peened material. In stage I, $\Delta$K$_{th}$, the threshold stress intensity factor, of the shot-peen processed material is high in critical parts, unlike the Un-peened material. Also m, fatigue crack growth exponent and number of cycle of the Shot-peened material was higher than of the Un-peened material. That is concluded from effect of da/dN. 2. Fatigue life shows more improvement in the Shot-peened material than in the Un-peened material. Compressive residual stress of the surface on the Shot-peen processed operate resistance force of fatigue crack propagation.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.313-318
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• 2003

The development of new materials with light weight and high strength has become vital to the machinery, aircraft and auto industries. However, there are a lot of problems with developing such materials that require expensive tools, and a great deal of time and effort. Therefore, the improvement of fatigue strength and fatigue life are mainly focused on by adopting residual stress(in this thesis). The compressive residual stress was imposed on the surface according to each shot velocity(57, 70, 83, 96 m/sec) based on Shot-peening, which is the method of improving fatigue lift: and strength. By using the methods mentioned above, I arrived at the following conclusions 1. The fatigue crack growth rate(da/dN) of the Shot-peened material was lower than that of the Un-peened material. And in stage I, ${\Delta}K_{th}$, the threshold stress intensity factor, of the shot-peen processed material is high in critical parts unlike the Un-peened material. Also m, fatigue crack growth exponent and number of cycle of the Shot-peened material was higher than that of the Un-peened material. That is concluded from effect of da/dN. 2. Fatigue life shows more improvement in the Shot-peened material than in the Un-peened material. And compressive residual stress of surface on the Shot-peen processed operate resistance force of fatigue crack propagation.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.387-398
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• 2018

The present study evaluates the interface shear strength between sand and different construction materials, namely steel and concrete, using direct shear test apparatus. The influence of surface roughness, mean size of sand particles, relative density of sand and size of the direct shear box on the interface shear behavior of sand with steel and concrete has been investigated. Test results show that the surface roughness of the construction materials significantly influences the interface shear strength. The peak and residual interface friction angles increase rapidly up to a particular value of surface roughness (critical surface roughness), beyond which the effect becomes negligible. At critical surface roughness, the peak and residual friction angles of the interfaces are 85-92% of the peak and residual internal friction angles of the sand. The particle size of sand (for morphologically identical sands) significantly influences the value of critical surface roughness. For the different roughness considered in the present study, both the peak and residual interaction coefficients lie in the range of 0.3-1. Moreover, the peak and residual interaction coefficients for all the interfaces considered are nearly identical, irrespective of the size of the direct shear box. The constitutive modeling of different interfaces followed the experimental investigation and it successfully predicted the pre-peak, peak and post peak interface shear response with reasonable accuracy. Moreover, the predicted stress-displacement relationship of different interfaces is in good agreement with the experimental results. The findings of the present study may also be applicable to other non-yielding interfaces having a similar range of roughness and sand properties.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2016

Purpose: The vacuum glazing should constantly retain the gap in vacuum state to maintain high thermal performance. To do so, pillars are used to prevent the glazing from clinging to each other by the atmospheric pressure and therefore surface of the vacuum glazing is consistently affected by residual stress. The vacuum glazing could be applied to curtain wall systems at spandrel area to fulfill a rigorous domestic standard on U-value of the external wall. However, this can lead to high glazing temperature increase by heat concentration at a back panel and finally thermal stress breakage. This study experimentally determined weakness of the vacuum glazing systems on the thermal stress breakage and investigated effect of the residual stress. Method: The experiment first built two scale-down mock-up facilities that replicate the spandrel area in curtain wall, and then installed single low-e glass and vacuum glazing respectively. The two mock-up facilities were exposed to outside to induce the thermal stress breakage. Result: The experiment showed that the temperature occurred the thermal stress breakage was $114.4^{\circ}C$ for the single low-e glass and $118.9^{\circ}C$ for the vacuum glazing respectively. The result also showed the vacuum glazing reached the critical point earlier than the single low-e glass, which means that the vacuum glazing has high potential to occur the thermal shock breakage. In addition, the small temperature difference between two glazing indicates that the residual stress scarcely affects breakage of the vacuum glazing.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2004

The lightness of components required in the automobile and machine industry necessitates the use of high strength components. In particular, the fatigue failure phenomena, which occurs when using metal, increases the danger to human life and property. Therefore, antifatigue failure technology is an integral part of current industries. Currently, the shot peening is used for removing the defect from the surface of steel, while improving the fatigue strength on surface. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of compressive residual stress of spring steel(JISG SUP-9) by shot-peening on fatigue crack growth characteristics in a stress ratio(R=0.1, R=0.3, R=0.6) was investigated, giving consideration to fracture mechanics. By using the methods mentioned above, following conclusions are drawn: (1) The fatigue crack growth rate(da/dN) of the shot-peening material was lower than that of the un-peening material and in stage I, ΔKth, the threshold stress intensity factor of the shot-peen processed material is high in critical parts, unlike the un-peening material. Also m, fatigue crack growth exponent and number of cycle of the shot-peening material, was higher than that of the un-peening material, as concluded from effect of da/dN. (2) Fatigue life shows more improvement in the shot-peening material than in the un-peening material, and the compressive residual stress of surface on the shot-peen processed operate resistance of fatigue crack propagation.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2005년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.6
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• pp.274-275
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• 2005

The tensile strain dependency of critical current in YBCO coated conductors was examined at 77K and in the self magnetic field. A commercially available YBCO sample with Cu stabilizer layer was supplied. There existed a peak in the relation between the Ie and tensile strain, and the reversible variation of $I_c$ with applied tensile strain was found. In the neutral axis Ni alloy RABiTS-$Y_2O_3$/YSZ/$CeO_2$ buffered YBCO tape, the $I_c$ recovered reversibly until the applied strain reached to about 0.5%, representing that a significant residual compressive strain induced during cooling to 77 K influenced the axial strain tolerance of YBCO conductors. To investigate the strain and stress influence on the $I_c$, the stress-strain characteristics of YBCO conductors measured at 77 K were discussed.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.273-288
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• 2015

As one of the most common failure types of arch bridges, stability is one of the critical aspects for the design of arch bridges. Using 3D finite element model in ABAQUS, this paper has studied the stability performance of an arch bridge with inclined arch ribs and hangers, and the analysis also took the effects of geometrical and material nonlinearity into account. The impact of local buckling and residual stress of steel plates on global stability and the applicability of fiber model in stability analysis for steel arch bridges were also investigated. The results demonstrate an excellent stability of the arch bridge because of the transverse constraint provided by transversely-inclined hangers. The distortion of cross section, local buckling and residual stress of ribs has an insignificant effect on the stability of the structure, and the accurate ultimate strength may be obtained from a fiber model analysis. This study also shows that the yielding of the arch ribs has a significant impact on the ultimate capacity of the structure, and the bearing capacity may also be approximately estimated by the initial yield strength of the arch rib.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.842-848
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• 2009

Fatigue failures are often occurred at welded joints where stress concentrations are relatively high due to the joint geometry. Although employing good detail design practices by upgrading the welded detail class enables to improve the fatigue performance, in many cases, the modification of the detail may not be practicable. As an alternative, the fatigue life extension techniques that reduce the severity of the stress concentration at the weld toe region, remove imperfections and introduce local compressive welding residual stress, have been applied. These techniques are also used as definite measures to extend the fatigue life of critical welds that have failed prematurely and have been repaired. In this study, a hammer peening procedure for using commercial pneumatic chipping hammer was developed, and the effectiveness is quantitatively evaluated. The pneumatic hammer peening makes it possible to give the weld not only a favorable shape reducing the local stress concentration, but also a beneficial compressive residual stress into material surface. In the fatigue life calculation of non-load carrying cruciform specimen treated by the pneumatic hammer peening, the life was lengthened about ten times at a stress range of 240MPa, and fatigue limit increased over 65% for the as-welded specimen.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.679-687
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• 2008

The fatigue life of ship structure under cyclic loading condition is made up of crack initiation and propagation stages. For a welding member in ship structure, the fatigue crack propagation life is more important than the fatigue crack initiation life. To calculate precisely the fatigue crack propagation life at the critical welding location, the knowledge of the residual stress sensitivity on the fatigue strength is necessary. In this study, thermo elastic-plastic analysis was conducted in order to examine the effect of residual stress on the fatigue crack propagation life. Also the fatigue crack propagation lives considering residual stress were calculated using fatigue crack growth code, AFGROW, on the basis of fracture mechanics. AFGROW is widely used for fatigue crack growth predictions under constant and variable amplitude loading. The reliability of AFGROW on the fatigue of ship structure was confirmed by the comparison of the estimated results with the fatigue propagation test results.