• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.551-568
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• 2016

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the difference in the press behavior characteristics of 3D Touch, which is a new touch interaction of smart phones, and the existing 'Tap and Long Press' touch interaction, and to examine behavior changes upon feedbacks. Background: Since 3D Touch is similar to the existing 'Tap and Long Press' touch interactions in terms of press behavior, which is likely to cause interference, it is necessary to conduct a preliminary study on behavior characteristics of touch interactions. Method: In utilization of smart phones with the 3D Touch function to measure press behavior characteristics of touch interaction, an experiment was conducted where 30 subjects were given a task to press 30 buttons of touch interactions on the screen. During the experiment, two press behavior characteristics-maximum touch pressure and press duration-were analyzed. To grasp changes in behaviors upon feedbacks, the task was carried out in a condition where there was no feedback and in a condition where there were feedbacks of specific critical values. Results: While there was no feedback given, subjects tended to press with much strength (318.98gf, 0.60sec) in the case of 3D Touch, and press the Long Press button for a while (157.12gf, 1.10sec) and press the Tap button with little strength only for a short moment (37.92gf, 0.10sec). 3D Touch and Long Press had an area of intersection in time, but when feedbacks of specific critical values were given, there were behavior calibration effects to adjust the press behavior characteristics of 3D Touch and Long Press. Conclusion: Although interferences are expected between 3D Touch and Long Press due to the similarity of press behaviors, feedbacks induce behavior calibration. Hence, once feedbacks were provided with 3D Touch operated in an appropriate condition of critical pressure, interference between two motions can be minimized. Application: The findings of this study are expected to be utilized as a basis for the values of optimal critical pressure, at which users can easily distinguish 3D Touch from Long Press which is the existing touch interaction.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집E
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• pp.136-141
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• 2001

In this study, we analysed tree surface flow by using the experimental and numerical method with a different surfactant concentration. We compared numerical solution with experimental results for one-dimensional model. The result shows that in general the tree surface velocity can well be reproduced by the one-dimensional model for various surfactant concentration.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2011년도 전력전자학술대회
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• pp.68-69
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• 2011

Realistic amounts of time delay are found to have significant effects on the average output LED current and on the critical inductor value at the boundary between the two conduction modes. Especially, the time delay can provide an accurate LED current for the peak current controlled (PCC) buck converter with a wide input voltage. Experimental results are presented for the PCC buck LED driver with constant-frequency controller.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.19-25
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• 1999

Effects of the process variable in Condebelt press drying including drying temperature, pressure , drying time, and moisture content of the sheets on the paper properties were examined. The experiment was performed with a static rig and Korean OCC was used as raw material. Significant improvement in sheet density, compression strength, tensile strength, surface smoothness ,etc. was obtained when condebelt drying was applied. Control of pressure and inlet dryness was found to be two most critical variables in improving sheet properties.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1992년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.95-98
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• 1992

In large panel structures, the design of joints which interconnect panels, is important deciding the load-bearing capacity of structures. Being various factors in the design of joints, it is difficult to develop a the critical system for the structural analysis of large concrete panel structures. Therefore there is a tendency to depend on the experiment. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the strength and the mechanical behavior of vertical joints in large concrete panel structures.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.365-366
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• 2009

This study researched into the manufacture of current-limit module of using YBCO coated conductor. Regarding over-current of exceeding the critical current, the quench characteristics were researched according to the stabilizing layer through tendency in resistance, which is generated in conductor, by applying over-current to YBCO coated conductors, which have stabilizing layer. YBCO coated conductors, which were used in experiment, include one kind such as the conductor, which used stainless as the stabilizing layer. The critical current is 70 A. And, the critical temperature is with 90 K. First of all, the quench generation was researched under over-current of exceeding the critical current by using this YBCO coated conductors. The tendency of a rise in the detected voltage according to the applied current was measured. And, the tendency of a rise in resistance through voltage-current curve was measured. As a result, the point of time in thermal quench of conductor, which has stainless as the stabilizing layer, could be confirmed to be fast.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제80권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2017

Background: Previous studies report that apoptosis and autophagy are involved in the pathogenesis of emphysema, and macroautophagy is one of the processes regulating the apoptosis pathway. However, few studies have evaluated whether chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) contributes to the regulation of apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the impact of autophagy, including both macroautophagy and CMA, on the apoptosis in bronchial epithelial cells. Methods: Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was injected intratracheally into C57BL/6 mice, and emphysema and apoptosis were evaluated in the lungs. After treatment with CSE, apoptosis, macroautophagy, and CMA were measured in BEAS2-B cells, and the impact of autophagy on the apoptosis was evaluated following knockdown of autophagy-related genes by short interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Results: Intratracheal CSE injection resulted in the development of emphysema and an increase in apoptosis in mice. CSE increased the apoptosis in BEAS2-B cells, and also elevated the expression of proteins related to both macroautophagy and CMA in BEAS2-B cells. The knockdown experiment with siRNAs showed that macroautophagy increases apoptosis in BEAS2-B cells, while CMA suppresses apoptosis. Conclusion: The intratracheal injection of CSE induces pulmonary emphysema and an increase in apoptosis in mice. CSE also induces apoptosis, macroautophagy, and CMA of bronchial epithelial cells. Macroautophagy and CMA regulate apoptosis in opposite directions.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 장대 터널 화재시 발생되는 역기류를 제압하는 최적의 임계속도를 결정하기 위하여 제연설비를 가동시키는데 소요되는 시간, 피난자들의 대피시간 등에 대한 연구 자료들을 취합, 분석하였고, 이를 토대로 화재 시나리오를 설정하여 축소 모형실험을 실시하였다. 비상 환기시스템 가동시점을 분석한 결과, 화재 발생후 약 240초(약 4분)후 비상 환기시스템이 가동하게 되며, 제연팬 가동 후 4분 이내에 역기류를 제어할 수 있는 임계속도를 확보하는 것이 실제 터널에 적합한 시간 시나리오였다. 화재지점 주변의 역기류 분포를 분석하기위해 Froude 상사이론에 기초한 아크릴 재질의 축소비 1/50의 모형(직경 : 0.2m, 연장 : 20 m)을 제작하였고, Tetzner 식의 보정계수$(\beta)$를 변화시키며 화재지점 주변의 CO농도를 측정한 결과, 보정계수가 0.5인 경우에 피난허용시간 기준에 적합한 제연효과를 나타내었다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

샤피충격시험은 동적하중 하에 있는 고분자 재료의 거동을 이해하는데 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 샤피충격시험장치에서 얻어지는 파단에너지를 사용하여 나일론 소재 샤피 시편의 노치각도에 따른 에너지 해방율을 구하는 방법을 제시하였다. 또한 샤피충격시험장치를 계장화하여 최대 하중과 파단 시까지 소요되는 에너지 등의 파손인자들을 산출하였다. 그리고 노치각도에 따른 동적파괴 인성치와 유한요소법을 사용하여 중앙집중 하중 하에서 사피 시편의 노치각도에 따른 응력분포를 산출하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.427-439
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• 2013

복잡계 과학의 발달에 따라 많은 사회 네트워크들이 분석되고 있다. 사회 네트워크는 현재 인문, 경제, 웹 사이언스 등 다양한 분야에 응용되고 있다. 최근, 소설의 등장인물을 이용한 네트워크와 실제 사회 네트워크의 특성을 비교하는 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 기존의 등장인물 네트워크는 대부분 미리 정리된 인명사전을 이용하므로 주요한 몇몇 인물들 사이의 연관성은 밝힐 수 있으나, 한번 이상 등장한 모든 인물의 전체적인 사회적 구조는 설명하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 소설로부터 등장인물을 직접 추출하고, 등장인물 사이의 거리를 사용하여 상관관계를 설정하여 네트워크를 구축한다. 제안방법은 소설 텍스트로부터 등장인물의 출현빈도와 등장인물들 사이의 연관성의 발생 빈도를 이용하여 연관성 가중치를 구할 수 있으며, 이 연관성 가중치를 사용하여 노드의 수를 조절하여 K-critical 네트워크를 구성한다. 제시한 K-critical 네트워크는 분석대상 소설에 등장하는 인물들끼리 얼마나 긴밀하게 연관되어 있는지를 정량적으로 파악하는 매우 중요한 정보를 줄 수 있음을 실험을 통하여 제시할 수 있었다.