• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.61-70
• /
• 2017

This study evaluated the human health risk in terms of the excess number of mortality and morbidity in the megacity Mumbai, India due to air pollution. AirQ software was used to enumerate the various health impacts of critical pollutants in Mumbai in past 22 years during 1992-2013. A relationship concept based on concentration-response relative risk and population attributable-risk proportion was employed by adopting World Health Organization (WHO) guideline for concentrations of air pollutants like $PM_{10}$, $SO_2$ and $NO_2$. For the year 1992 in Mumbai, it was observed that excess number of cases of total mortality, cardiovascular mortality, respiratory mortality, hospital admission due to COPD, respiratory disease and cardiovascular disease were 8420, 4914, 889, 149, 10568 and 4081 respectively. However, after 22 years these figures increased to 15872, 9962, 1628, 580, 20527 and 7905 respectively, but all of these reached maximum in the year 2006. From the result, it is also noted that except COPD morbidity the excess number of cases from 1992-2002 to 2003-2013 increased almost by 30%; and the excess number of mortality and morbidity is basically due to particulate matter ($PM_{10}$) than due to gaseous pollutants.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.185-190
• /
• 1995

Recently, because of the worse of the air pollution, the excessive airtught of building and the inferiority of air conditioning system, the development of high efficiency air purification technology was enlarged to the environmental improvement of an indoor or a harmful working condition. The air purification technology has used chemical filters or charcoal filters or charcoal to remove hazardouse gaseous pollutants (SO$_{x}$, NO$_{x}$, NH$_{3}$, etc.) by air pollutant control technology, but they have many problems of high pressure loss, short life, wide space possession, and treatment of secondary wastes. For these reason, the object of reasearch shall be hazardous gaseous pollutants removal by the surface discharge induced plasma chemical process that is A.C. discharge of multistreams applied A.C. voltage and frequency between plane induced eletrode and line discharge eletrode of tungsten, platinum or titanium with a high purified alumina sheet having a film-like plane. As a result, the control performance for hazardous gaseous pollutants showed very high efficiency in the normal temperature and pressure. Also, after comtact oxidation decomposition of harmful gaseous pollutants, the remainded ozone concentration was found much lower than that of ACGIH or air pollution criteria in Korea.rea.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.21 no.3 s.54
• /
• pp.255-266
• /
• 2006

Soil organic matter (OM) is well documented for its capacity to retain persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and thus is important in dictating the environmental partitioning of POPs between media such as air, water, and soil. Black carbon (BC) is a small component of OM and exhibitt a 10$\sim$100 times greater sorption capacity of POPs than humified OM. Furthermore, due to the inherent long environmental life time of BC, a result of its resistance to physical and biological degradation, POPs can continue to accumulate in BC over a long period of time. The unique properties of BC have been of particular interest over the last 30 years and have resulted in broad research being conducted into its effects of POP cycling in atmospheric, oceanographic and soil matrices. The results of such studies have proved valuable In providing new research initiatives into the role of BC in the cycling of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) as well as giving further insight into the long range atmospheric transport (LRAT) potential and subsequent risk assessment criteria for persistent organic pollutants (POPs). In this report, we introduce a novel study examining the relationships between BC and OM with respect to their POP sorption capacity and discuss the role of BC in influencing the environmental regulation of organic pollutants.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.618-629
• /
• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.429-429
• /
• 2002

This study examines the influence of long-range transport of dust particles and air pollutants on photochemistry of OH and NO$_3$ at Jeju Island (33.17$^{\circ}$ N, 126.10$^{\circ}$ E) during the Asian dust-storm (ADS) period in April 2001. The atmospheric concentrations of criteria pollutants (O$_3$, NO$_2$, CO) and sulfur species were measured at a ground station on Jeju Island, Korea as part of the ACE-Asia intensive operation. Three ADS events were observed during the periods of 10-12, 13-14, and 25-26 April, respectively. The concentrations of the criteria pollutants (i.e., $O_3$, NO$_2$, and SO$_2$) were not significantly different from those during the non-Asian-dust-storm (NADS) period. Average OH and NO$_3$ levels at Jeju Island during the study period (ADS and NADS) were estimated to be 4-10 $\times$ 10$^{5}$ moleculescm$^{-3}$ and 2-4 pptv, respectively. Two main sources of OH radical were the primary production from the reaction of water vapor ($H_2O$) and O(1D) radicals and the reaction of HO$_2$ with NO. CO was a dominant sink of OH during the ADS period: whereas NO$_2$ was the most important during the NADS period. for NO$_3$ radical, a reaction of NO$_2$ with $O_3$ was the most important atmospheric source; while $N_2$O$_{5}$ uptake on dust particles was the most dominant sink during the ADS period.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.04a
• /
• pp.178-183
• /
• 2008

Recently, sick house syndrome caused by pollutants and contamination of buildings crops out in residential environment of buildings. According to price increase of global oil, comfort of occupants in indoor air quality is required with reduction of energy consumption and environmental load. So, building performance certification criteria come into effect for improvement of building energy efficiency and performance in environment at home and abroad. GBCC(Green Building Certification Criteria) of domestic country as a Criteria is managed Korea Green Building Council(KGBC) for green building. Thus, purpose of this study is to design a direction of Green Building Certification Criteria for improvement through analysis of GBCC application elements and selected building.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.29-41
• /
• 2014

The Korean government has purchased land properties alongside any significant water bodies before setting up the buffers to secure water qualities. Since the annual budgets are limited, however, there has always been the issue of which land parcels ought to be given the priority. Therefore, this study aims to develop efficient mechanism for land acquisition priorities in stream corridors that would ultimately be vegetated for riparian buffer zones. The criteria of land acquisition priority were driven through literary review along with experts' advice. The relative weights of their value and priorities for each criterion were computed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) method. Major findings of the study are as follows: 1. The decision-making structural model for land acquisition priority focuses mainly on the reduction of non-point source pollutants(NSPs). This fact is highly associated with natural and physical conditions and land use types of surrounding areas. The criteria were classified into two categories-NSPs runoff areas and potential NSPs runoff areas. 2. Land acquisition priority weights derived for NSPs runoff areas and potential NSPs runoff areas were 0.862 and 0.138, respectively. This implicates that much higher priority should be given to the land parcels with NSPs runoff areas. 3. Weights and priorities of sub-criteria suggested from this study include: proximity to the streams(0.460), land cover(0.189), soil permeability(0.117), topographical slope(0.096), proximity to the roads(0.058), land-use types(0.036), visibility to the streams(0.032), and the land price(0.012). This order of importance suggests, as one can expect, that it is better to purchase land parcels that are adjacent to the streams. 4. A standard scoring system including the criteria and weights for land acquisition priority was developed which would likely to allow expedited decision making and easy quantification for priority evaluation due to the utilization of measurable spatial data. Further studies focusing on both point and non-point pollutants and GIS-based spatial analysis and mapping of land acquisition priority are needed.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.128-133
• /
• 2006

The paved areas in nonpoint source are highly polluted landuses because of high imperviousness and high pollutant mass emissions from vehicle activities. Particularly, the metal pollutants are a big issue in the paved area. It is usually washed-off during storms by adsorbing on sediments or soluble status. Therefore, this research was achieved for understanding the characteristics of metal pollutants in stormwater runoff in highways. Five monitoring sites were equipped with an automatic rainfall gage and an automatic flow meter. This manuscripts will summarize the washoff characteristics of metal pollutants and its concentration changes during storms. Usually first flush phenomenon was observed for all of the storm events and visibly confirmed with hydro- and polluto-graphs. Also it was coincided with the tendency of particulates and organic matters. The decrease rate per total reduced amount for metals during initial 30-min storm duration was obtained on 80%. The result may be able to use for determining the economical treatment criteria for stormwater runoff in highways.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 1999

To offer a general guideline for the quantitative analysis of airborne pollutants, we designed and conducted a comprehensive QA/QC test using two different strategic approaches, namely (1) field-based comparative measurement and (2) laboratory-based comparative analysis. The former task was performed to make meaningful comparison of combined errors occurring from both sampling and analytical techniques in the measurements of such components as: (1) criteria pollutants, (2) volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and (3) particulate matters with the associated metals and ions. The latter task was also conducted to compare various types of bias arising mainly from the laboratory analytical procedures of (1) gaseous standards of VOCs and (2) of aqueous standards of metals and ions. The concentration data derived from each of these two different types of major tasks were evaluated per chemical species categorized as above. While the very details of these studies are to be reported on an individual basis according to the above classification of the project, this paper is presented to provide an overview of the whole project - its aim and direction.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.11 no.8
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2010

Contamination of soil and groundwater by the compounds of hydrocarbon petroleum has been widely accepted as the main cause that harms the environments and health. To remove those pollutants, absorbing clothes, activated carbons, or oil-water separation devices with the gravity method are employed for treatment. However, those materials and devices cannot remove the emulsion pollutants despite of their efficiency for removing free products. Therefore, we investigated the problems which occur during the groundwater treatment for the highly concentrated suspended solid particles, which can be resulted from excavation, and to propose methods to remove TPH(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon). After coagulation experiment with high molecular polymers, the concentration of SS(Suspended Solids) and COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand) turned to satisfy the groundwater quality criteria within 5 minutes while the concentration of TPH failed to meet the water quality standard of effluent. Consequently, the water quality criteria for effluent could not be met by single DAF(Dissolved Air Flotation) process. However all water quality criteria could be satisfied after 20 minutes when coagulation reactions are carried out simultaneously in the DAF reactor.