• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.41-55
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• 2022

As the importance of technology protection is emphasized day by day, various protection measures are being carried out to protect technology. But attempts to leak technology are continuing. As an alternative to this, stronger punishment is socially required for technology leakage crimes. In response to these social demands, the standard for punishment has been steadily raised. Legislative bills containing additional reinforcement are still pending in the National Assembly. However, in order to substantially enhance the deterrence against crime, it is not enough to strengthen the punishment standards. The effect can only be fully exercised when the certainty of punishment increases. Therefore, this paper focused on seeking ways to increase the certainty of punishment under the current system rather than the reinforcement of the punishment itself. The purpose of this study was to derive the reason why the innocence rate in technology leakage criminal cases is higher than that of general criminal cases by analyzing cases and causes of innocent cases in technology leakage criminal cases. Based on this, I discussed improvement considerations to reduce unfair acquittal cases.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.16
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• pp.265-282
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• 2008

This research aims to provide a solution for the improvement of private security according to the change in criminal environment. The main cause of crime can be found in the anti-functional dimensions including value set disorder, social phenomenon variation, information-based, globalization and urbanization. In this environment, the private security sector has dramatically increased in a quantitative viewpoint, but it is insufficient in a qualitative viewpoint. This paper recognized this problem and demonstrates a solution for improvement through classifying elements of private security into relevant legislation, education institutions, security companies and security associations. The analysis result is a follows: First, motivation and satisfaction rate of escort and security related major has shown to be high. However, respondents evaluated the guard educational institution negatively. Second, the motivation of entering into the private security sector for internal staffs has shown to be positive and sound. However, the job satisfaction rate has shown to be low due to excessive competition, negative perception of occupation and low earning. Third, respondents gave an average mark to the Security Association's management and operation. In addition, the mutual-aid project received the same mark. Negative feedbacks were given to the protection of member's interest and to association operation and policy, while positive feedbacks were given to the degree of member's cooperation towards association policies.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.109-134
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• 2011

Drug-related crime has increased in spite of visible results of Uribe government's hard-line policies on drug eradication and illegally armed organizations which were pursued under U.S. support, without the accompaniment of quantity change in drug cultivation and trade. Military disputes of left-right illegally armed communities surrounding illegal crop cultivation rights were rather intensified, and the number of refugees was increased through enforced displaced people. The 2005 refugee registration committee RUPD reports that 3,316,862 people, 7.3% of total population, were refugees. In particular, the number of refugees presented a large increase rate of 624% when compared to the past year due to enforced displaced people. Main discharge areas of enforced displaced people are connected with drug crime and activities of illegally armed organizations, and are places of increased armed disputes in the process of occupied territory expansion of illegally armed communities and militia. Undiscriminated attacks were executed on farmers in the process of occupation of illegal crop cultivation sites by illegally armed organization and militia to emit enforced displaced people, who moved to border areas by crossing national borders. Enforced displaced people were restricted to certain areas before the appearance of Uribe administration. However, enforced displaced people not only presented quantitative expansion, but also showed tendency of nationwide expansion after national security policy was pursued. With the closing of the Amazon area, previously the main route of drug trade, activity base of illegally armed organizations was moved to the Pacific region, and Panama border area experienced refugee increase due to the new policy of enforced displaced people. This study aims to understand the actual condition and cause for the increase in refugees in Colombia based on border areas of Venezuela, which is the nation of highest dispersion of Columbian refugees, Panama, which has appeared as a new destination for refugees after the 90s, and Ecuador, which has experienced sudden refugee increase in 2000.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.15-33
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• 2021

In this study, we analyzed the difference in survival rates of those subject to electronic supervision of sex crimes based on the tracking of the period of recidivism and whether they were recidivism, and wanted to confirm the ability of the criminal record to predict recidivism. The criteria for recidivism were defined as cases where a conviction was confirmed due to a criminal case that occurred during the execution of electronic monitoring, and the date of recidivism was the date of occurrence of a case that was confirmed guilty. A total of 122 re-offenders were used in the analysis, and all of them were charged with electronic supervision for committing sex crimes. Studies have confirmed that the subjects commit the most recidivism within three years. In addition, in this study, the difference in survival rate between groups was analyzed after classifying mixed and sex recidivism cases. The number of members was 88 for the mixed recidivism group and 34 for the sex recidivism group. The analysis confirmed that both groups had the most recidivism within three years. There was a slight difference between the survival rate of the mixed recidivism group and the survival rate of the sex recidivism group. So the Log Rank Test and the Generalized Wilcoxon Test were conducted, but no statistically significant differences were identified(Wilcoxon statistic = 2.326, df = 1, p = .13, Log Rank = 1.345, df = 1, p = .25). Next, a Cox Regression analysis was performed to confirm the ability of the criminal record to predict recidivism. As a result, the number of criminal records(sex offense, violent crime) have been confirmed to be a good predictor of recidivism(X²=27.33, df=1, p< .001). As a result, the recidivism rate is gradually decreasing due to the implementation of the electronic monitoring. However, the duration of recidivism required by sex offenders in high-risk groups was found to be rather short. Currently, security measures against felons are being strengthened, so it is necessary to select high-risk groups. Therefore, based on the related studies, the characteristics of high-risk groups and the results of recidivism studies will be used as a basis for disposal within the criminal justice system, which will play a major role in granting objectivity.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.927-938
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• 2014

A number of crime and disease relief situation show a clear increasing trend in domestic and overseas country. In particular, we desperately need a fast location information sharing with high accuracy for dealing with this situation efficiently. In this paper, we propose a DGPS framework and performance evaluation based on Web service enable increase location accuracy using low-cost GPS or AGPS. The framework consists of mobile station to realize the final service by receiving the correction values that are created in the base station closest to the current position from DGPS server, base station system to transmit the correct values to DPGS server by installing at base point and DGPS framework working at DGPS server. Our framework is fundamentally designed to respond based on XML to service request. In addition, for performance evaluation, we make use of 3 sites of Level 2 city base-station among the base stations being operated in Suncheon-si. Through performance evaluation, we show that our framework outperforms about 10%~15% in terms of error improvement rate, compared with the existing schemes. And we have the advantage that various services can be expanded owing to receiving the correction values through mobile device such as, smart phone, smart pad, net-book by using XML based Web services.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.41
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• pp.7-36
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• 2014

Recently the Korean government announced that minimum wage policy would be applied even to apartment security staffs by 2015 who had been waived from the policy enforcement for their unique work conditions. This caused apartment management to introduce unmanned security system instead of employing security staffs because of fearing possible hike of management fees. People recklessly tend to believe unmaned system is cheaper than maned system if minimum wage guideline is applied. This study examines the economic feasibility of two different apartment security systems by utilizing cost-benefit analysis: maned and unmaned security systems. The authors estimate the costs and the benefits of each security system for 5 years(2014-2018) with application of social discount rate(5.5%). Thirty six apartment complexes at 8 different areas(meons and dongs) in Asan, Chungcheongnam-do province were surveyed. And to attain the exact costs of unmaned system establishment and operation, the authors interviewed persons working for the unmaned security corporations. The benefit-cost(B/C) ratio for unmanned security system is 1.66% at minimum and 1.30% at maximum. while B/C ratio for manned security system is 1.42% and 1.66% respectively. This results mean that people's belief is not correct, that is, transferring from maned system to unmaned is not always economically efficient. Benefits of maned security system is more diverse than unmaned system. The former provides living conveniences(parking helps and keeping parcels) and social benefits(employing aged worker and giving them opportunities to enjoy happier lives) as well as security benefits like crime prevention. The latter provides security benefits only, but that effect is also doubtable. Taking into account these diverse benefits maned system provides, the B/C ratio of maned system is equitable or higher than unmaned system.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.35
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• pp.87-124
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• 2013

This paper studies changes in people's social security awareness during Lee Myung-Bak government, and based on the result, suggests future Park Geun-Hye government's social-security-related administration management plan. In specific, the changes in people's social security awareness in the period of 2008 ~ 2012 have been analyzed, and the result has been utilized to draw suggestions on the future social-security-related administration management plan The result is as the following: First, comprehensive social-security-related policy must be continuously pushed. In terms of the fact that social security is closely related to people's daily lives and life itself, every major component of social security cannot be overlooked. Therefore, comprehensive administration management and policies on each of those components are necessary. Second, social security policies must be reinforced enough for people to actually witness. In case of crime rate, 57.1% of people are pointing it as one of the main causes of social unrest; therefore, this national anxiety must be met with focusing awareness on the subject nation-widely and with thorough national defense preparedness. Third, mutual cooperation between social-security-related branches, and systematic management within the each branches are required. In order to systematically manage every aspect of social security, not only the big agencies - such as Ministry of Security and Public Administration, Ministry of National Defense, Prosecution Service, or National Police Agency -, but most of other parts of administration must cooperate as well. Fourth, consistency in social security policies is necessary. As Park Geun-Hye government's administrative slogans are, "secure and integrated society," "establishing a foundation for happy unification era," which are similar to that of previous administration, the administration should be consistent on its social-security-related politics, rather than differentiating themselves from the previous administration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.45-55
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• 2003

This study was focused on comparing the knowledge, attitudes and experiences in sex and the needs for sex education of nursing students and non-nursing students. The subjects of this study were 403 female students who attended 4 universities in Busan. The data was collected from November 2002 to December, and analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard variance, t-test and Chi-square. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of sex knowledge of the nursing students was 13.29 and the non-nursing students's was 11.11. There was a difference(p=0.000) between nursing and non-nursing students in sex knowledge. 2. The mean score of sex attitude of nursing and non-nursing students was 25.64, 26.65 respectively. There was no statistical difference. 3. 61.8% of the nursing students and 62.3% of the non-nursing students had experienced a relation with the opposite sex. Kissing experience was 59.9%, 61.8% and masturbation was 9.5%, 9.2% respectively. Sexual intercourse was 5.3%, 11.9% and contraception was 1.9%, 8.2% respectively. Among these experiences, sexual intercourse and contraception experience rate were different(p=0.017, p=0.002 respectively) between nursing and non-nursing students. 4. Of 19 sexual education contents, only 'the dignity of life' showed a difference. That is, more nursing students(92.9%) wanted to know about 'the dignity of life' than non-nursing students(85.7%). Among the respcndent's needs on the sexual education contents, 'Contraception' was rated first and followed by 'Sex psychology of men and women', 'Pregnancy', 'Prevention of sexual crime' and 'Sexually transmitted diseases'. Most of the respcndents(95.8%) wanted sex education introduced in the :first year of university, and presented as a special class. Specifically, 50.0% of the students wanted the education to be more realistic and systemic. With the above results, when university faculties are sexual educating to university students, they have to aware of the difference of target students. And they need to stress more realistic and specific aspect of sexual education learning rather than theoretical teaching.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.161-184
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• 2013

The purpose of this research is to achieve qualitative growth for private security industry as a sector of service industry to attract clients and promote the growth of the private security industry by analyzing the factors which influence the customer's service satisfaction in using the private security services. A regression analysis was conducted to determine the factors which influences the satisfaction of private security service to ultimately achieve the research purpose. In the regression analysis, the difference between corporate clients and individual clients were analyzed for the sake of providing better security services and marketing applications. As a result, the factors that influences the satisfaction of the categorized groups were very clearly signified. Both individual and corporate clients showed increase in satisfaction rate when the fear of crime decreased. This result implies that the private security firms must possess segmented strategies as well as strategies to lower the fear factors of clients. There were no differences in all satisfaction-influencing factors when the fear reduction variable was exempted among both corporate and individual clients in usage satisfaction. This result shows that clients demand varies according to the client and the security firms must react to these demands by the clients. Although private security industry possess very clear publicity, it is a profit generating industry sector therefore, like other service industry, the private security services must implement strategies to keep up with the paradigm. If the satisfaction determinants from the research results are grafted into strategies such relationship marketing and target market selection, higher service satisfaction can be achieved from the clients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.159-170
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• 2015

The subjects of this research were 384 men in the Chungbuk area and the effect of their attitude towards prostitution were analyzed. Subjects were divided into 3 age groups during the analysis and PASW Statistics 18.0 was used in material analysis. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the age group 'between 30 to 45 years of age' and 'between 45 to 60 years of age' displayed more positive attitude towards prostitution compared to the age group 'above 65 years of age'. Second, factors that effect the attitude towards prostitution were shown to be different depending on the group. In the age group 'between 30 to 45 years of age' and 'between 45 to 60 years of age', expressive coping behavior in sex coping behavior, official suppression, sexual equality awareness, work status, level of education were shown to have an effect. In the group 'above 60 years of age', controlled coping behavior in sex coping behavior, unofficial suppression, rate of satisfaction in conjugal relation, sexual equality awareness, physical condition were shown to have an effect. The significance of this research lies in the fact that it was the first to suggest prostitution prevention measure depending on the men's age group based on these objective analysis.