• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

This paper investigates the impact of the domestic and global outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on the trading size of the Malaysian stock (MS) market. The theoretical model posits that stock markets are affected by their response to disasters and events that arise in the international or local environments, as well as to several financial factors such as stock volatility and spread bid-ask prices. Using daily time-series data from 27 January to 12 May 2020, this paper utilizes the traditional Augmented Dickey and Fuller (ADF) technique and Zivot and Andrews with structural break' procedures for a stationarity test analysis, while the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method is applied according to the trading size of the MS market model. The analysis considered almost all 789 listed companies investing in the main stock market of Malaysia. The results confirmed our hypotheses that both the daily growth in the active domestic and global cases of coronavirus (COVID-19) has significant negative effects on the daily trading size of the stock market in Malaysia. Although the COVID-19 has a negative effect on the Malaysian stock market, the findings of this study suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic may have an asymmetric effect on the market.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2021

The world is facing an unprecedented economic, social and political crisis with the spread of COVID-19. The Corona Virus (COVID-19) and its global spread have resulted in declaring a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The deadly pandemic of 21st century has spread its wings across the globe with an exponential increase in the number of cases in many countries. The developing and underdeveloped countries are struggling hard to counter the rapidly growing and widespread challenge of COVID-19 because it has greatly influenced the global economies whereby the underdeveloped countries are more affected by its devastating impacts, especially the life of the low-income population. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) were particularly useful in spreading key emergency information and helping to maintain extensive social distancing. Updated information and testing results were published on national and local government websites. Mobile devices were used to support early testing and contact tracing. The government provided free smartphone apps that flagged infection hotspots with text alerts on testing and local cases. The purpose of this research work is to provide an in depth overview of emerging technologies and recent ICT developments to combat COVID-19 Pandemic. Finally, the author highlights open challenges in order to give future research directions.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2021

COVID-19 poses a major risk to global health, highlighting the importance of faster and proper diagnosis. To handle the rise in the number of patients and eliminate redundant tests, healthcare information exchange and medical data are transmitted between healthcare centres. Medical data sharing helps speed up patient treatment; consequently, exchanging healthcare data is the requirement of the present era. Since healthcare professionals share data through the internet, security remains a critical challenge, which needs to be addressed. During the COVID-19 pandemic, computed tomography (CT) and X-ray images play a vital part in the diagnosis process, constituting information that needs to be shared among hospitals. Encryption and image steganography techniques can be employed to achieve secure data transmission of COVID-19 images. This study presents a new encryption with the image steganography model for secure data transmission (EIS-SDT) for COVID-19 diagnosis. The EIS-SDT model uses a multilevel discrete wavelet transform for image decomposition and Manta Ray Foraging Optimization algorithm for optimal pixel selection. The EIS-SDT method uses a double logistic chaotic map (DLCM) is employed for secret image encryption. The application of the DLCM-based encryption procedure provides an additional level of security to the image steganography technique. An extensive simulation results analysis ensures the effective performance of the EIS-SDT model and the results are investigated under several evaluation parameters. The outcome indicates that the EIS-SDT model has outperformed the existing methods considerably.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.47-64
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• 2020

The study investigated the role of libraries in curtailing the spread of COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. Six research objectives were raised to guide the conduct of the study. The survey type of the descriptive research design was employed. The population of the study comprised of 139 selected librarians in Nigeria. The complete enumerative sampling technique was adopted to study the entire 139 librarians. The instrument for data collection was an online survey questionnaire designed by the researchers using SurveyMonkey and administered to the respondents via the Nigerian Library Association (NLA) WhatsApp group and the NLA Google group. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study revealed that among the services delivered by Nigerian libraries amidst the global pandemic are COVID-19 awareness and sensitization creation, provision of digital contents to patron, organizing online streaming programs and connecting patrons/citizens to accurate and reliable data on COVID-19 cases around the world. The study further revealed that these services are delivered frequently despite the low level of Nigerian libraries' preparedness for global pandemic. The study concluded that, Nigerian libraries, through their services, are potent weapon for promoting positive change, development, orientation, and re-orientation in the society. By creating COVID-19 awareness/sensitization (especially in rural areas), libraries are able to contribute significantly to the fight against the pandemic.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.943-952
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on corporate governance attributes and firm performance association. This research used a sample of 188 non-financial firms from the Malaysian market for the years 2019-2020. We found that the COVID-19 has affected all firm characteristics including firm performance, governance structure, dividend, liquidity, and leverage level, yet, the difference between prior and post COVID-19 pandemic is not significant. Also, the investigation revealed that board size exerts a significant positive impact on firm performance. After splitting the sample based on year, however, we found that board size does not matter in the uncertain time of the current crisis, while board diversity appeared to be significantly enhancing firm performance in the crisis time compared to the prior year where it has an inverse association with firm performance in both indicators. Board meetings and audit committee meetings seemed to have a significant negative influence on firm performance pre and post-COVID-19. This study contributes to the limited literature by providing the first empirical evidence on the impact of Coronavirus on the firm performance and corporate governance association.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.225-233
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• 2022

The recent outbreak of corona virus (COVID-19) infectious disease had made its forecasting critical cornerstones in most scientific studies. This study adopts a machine learning based time series model - Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model to forecast COVID-19 confirmed cases in Botswana over 60 days period. Findings of the study show that COVID-19 confirmed cases in Botswana are steadily rising in a steep upward trend with random fluctuations. This trend can also be described effectively using an additive model when scrutinized in Seasonal Trend Decomposition method by Loess. In selecting the best fit ARIMA model, a Grid Search Algorithm was developed with python language and was used to optimize an Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) metric. The best fit ARIMA model was determined at ARIMA (5, 1, 1), which depicted the least AIC score of 3885.091. Results of the study proved that ARIMA model can be useful in generating reliable and volatile forecasts that can used to guide on understanding of the future spread of infectious diseases or pandemics. Most significantly, findings of the study are expected to raise social awareness to disease monitoring institutions and government regulatory bodies where it can be used to support strategic health decisions and initiate policy improvement for better management of the COVID-19 pandemic.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.363-372
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate COVID-19's impact on firm survival, as well as the management accounting system's role in adjusting operation efficiency for business survival. Two sets of data comprising small enterprises in the service sector were used. The first business group serves customers who have changed their lifestyle to a new normal. The second business group serves customers who are affected by social distancing measures. The data was collected based on an in-depth interview method. The data was then evaluated using content analysis and analytic comparison. The results show that the COVID-19 situation positively impacts the business survival of the service businesses group that serves customers who have changed lifestyles. However, COVID-19 has a negative effect on the survival of service business groups that serve customers affected by social distancing measures. In addition, the management accounting used during COVID-19, small enterprises have analyzed the operating environment and used the information stored in the database to determine goals for the operation. This study provides comprehensive economic effects and the utilization of management accounting systems. The accounting systems helped to decide to adjust the operation process during the quick changing of the environment of the small enterprise in the service sector.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effects of fatigue, resilience, and self-leadership on nursing service quality of local medical center nurses who nursed COVID-19 patients. Methods: The participants were 135 nurses who worked at regional public hospitals located in H-gun, G, and C-city in province C. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25. Results: The participants' nursing service quality showed significant positive correlation with resilience (r=.53, p<.001), and self-leadership (r=.60, p<.001). The factors affecting participants' nursing service quality were commitment to self-leadership (β=.57, p<.001) and work position (chief nursing officer) (β=.26, p<.001), which explained 42% of the participants' nursing service quality. Conclusion: During a crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to help nurses enhance their self-leadership skills and build their career continuously by developing relevant policies, systems, and nursing intervention programs. Future studies could expand the knowledge base by including more participants to explore other ways to improve nursing service quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제15권sup1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Curfew due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic could influence health behaviors in people, especially in children, who can easily acquire unhealthy eating habits. This study aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 on weight, health behaviors including eating habits, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in children aged 6-15 years in Saudi Arabia. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey that included 280 children aged 6-15 years in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 curfew. The survey included questions on sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, and health behaviors including eating habits, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. RESULTS: We observed a significant difference in the body mass index before and after the COVID-19 pandemic (P < 0.001). Children significantly tended to skip breakfast, along with a decreased intake of dairy products and fast food (P < 0.001). Moreover, children were less physically active and significantly tended to be involved in leisure screen-based activities, including watching TV and use of computer/games (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence for the negative influences of the COVID-19 curfew on health behaviors, including eating habits, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in children in Saudi Arabia.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.14-26
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to understand and describe the nurses' experiences caring for severe COVID-19 patients at isolation room with negative pressure in South Korea. Methods : Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews from February 16 to March 31, 2021 with 11 nurses who had been caring for severe COVID-19 patients at isolation room. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed according to Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis. Results : As a result, 5 theme clusters were extracted about nurses' experiences. The 5 theme clusters, "Adapting to unexpected adversity", "Accepting unresonable and heavy work", "Dulness and disconnection from the outside world", "Changing in perception of new infectious diseases", and "Pathetic isolated patients" emerged. Conclusion : The results of this study provided a deeper understanding of nurses struggling to care for COVID-19 severe patients. This study is expected to be useful in providing basic evidence for improving intensive care practices and for preparing policies in other infection disease situations.