• 한국진공학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.186-194
• /
• 2005

정적법 고진공 표준기를 이용하여 스피닝 로터 게이지를 $4.04\times10^{-3}$ $Pa\~1.11\times10^{-2}$Pa에서 교정하였으며, 그 결과를 국제표준화기구에서 권고한 측정불확도 표현지침에 따라 불확도를 계산 및 평가하였다. 평가 결과 기준압력 $7.5488\times10^{-3}$ Pa에서 교정된 SRG의 합성표준불확도는 $95\%$ 신뢰수준, 포함인자 k = 1에서 $3.0035\times10^{-5}$ Pa로 나타났다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 2020

Background : The introduction of policies expanding the coverage of uninsured Korean Medicine (KM) services have requires an understanding of the following components of the service : current financial expenses, degree of financial burden on the patient, and financial effect of the coverage expansion. Objectives : This study aims to determine the annual trend of outpatients' characteristics and the category of out-of-pocket spending in KM. Methods : This study uses data from the Korea Health Panel to analyze use of KM in the Korean population. Using the user characteristics and behavior drawn from the Korea Health Panel data, out-of-pocket spending trends of KM were analyzed by year. The diagnosis and prescription of out-of-pocket spending were also analyzed. Results : The proportion of patients receiving uninsured medical treatment and the number of uninsured medical treatment in outpatient clinics have increased. However, the average out-of-pocket spending per person and out-of-pocket spending per visit are consistent or have decreased. Meaningful trends are the increase of R00-R99 (unclassified symptoms) and the decrease of K00-K93 (digestive system disease) and J00-J99 (respiratory system disease). Conclusions : Expansion of KM medical service and insurance is influenced by uninsured medical treatment of KM. Hence, research to increase medical treatment categories for out-of-pocket spending or explore diseases where KM diagnosis has been proven effective should be further developed.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제46권6호
• /
• pp.405-414
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a policy change to expand Korean National Health Insurance (KNHI) benefit coverage to include scaling on access to dental care at the national level. Methods: A nationally representative sample of 12,794 adults aged 20 to 64 years from Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (2010-2014) was analyzed. To examine the effect of the policy on the outcomes of interest (unmet dental care needs and preventive dental care utilization in the past year), an estimates-based probit model was used, incorporating marginal effects with a complex sampling structure. The effect of the policy on individuals depending on their income and education level was also assessed. Results: Adjusting for potential covariates, the probability of having unmet needs for dental care decreased by 6.1% and preventative dental care utilization increased by 14% in the post-policy period compared to those in the pre-policy period (2010, 2012). High income and higher education levels were associated with fewer unmet dental care needs and more preventive dental visits. Conclusions: The expansion of coverage to include scaling demonstrated to have a significant association with decreasing unmet dental care needs and increasing preventive dental care utilization. However, the policy disproportionately benefited certain groups, in contrast with the objective of the policy to benefit all participants in the KNHI system.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.312-320
• /
• 2013

Home evolved Node-B (HeNB), also called a femtocell or a femto base station, is introduced to provide high data rate to indoor users. However, two main problems arise in femtocell networks: (1) Small coverage area of HeNB, which results in limited cell-splitting gain and ping-pong handover (HO) problems and (2) high inter-femtocell interference because HeNBs may be densely deployed in a small region. In this study, an efficient cooperation mechanism called an HeNB-aided virtual-HO (HaVHO) scheme is proposed to expand the coverage area of femtocells and to reduce inter-femtocell interference. The cooperation among neighbor HeNBs is exploited in HaVHO by enabling an HeNB to relay the data of its neighbor HeNB without an HO. The HaVHO procedure is compatible with the existing long term evolution specification, and the information exchange overhead in HaVHO is relatively low. To estimate the signal to interference plus noise ratio improvement, the area average channel state metric is proposed, and the amount of user throughput enhancement by HaVHO is derived. System-level simulation shows that HaVHO has a better performance than the other four schemes, such as lesser radio link failure, lesser ping-pong handover, lesser short-stay handover, and higher user throughput.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제39A권5호
• /
• pp.280-292
• /
• 2014

기존의 매크로 셀룰러 망 환경은 공간 재사용의 한계로 인해 최근 급증하는 데이터 트래픽을 제대로 지원할 수 없게 되었다. 이 문제를 극복하기 위해 매크로 셀룰러 망위에 스몰 셀이 설치되어 적극적인 공간 재사용이 가능한 이종 셀룰러 망이 등장하게 되었다. 하지만, 매크로 셀과 스몰 셀 사이의 전송전력 차이로 인해 매크로 셀에 집중된 부하를 스몰 셀로 충분히 분산 시킬 수 없었다. 따라서, 프레임의 일정구간에서 매크로 셀의 전송전력을 차단하는 almost blank subframe (ABS) 와 스몰 셀 커버리지를 확장하여 사용자 부하를 스몰 셀로 강제 분산시키는 cell range expansion을 결합한 enhanced inter-cell interference coordination (eICIC) 기법이 제안되었다. 그러나, 이러한 eICIC 기법만으로는 효과적인 부하 분산을 달성하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 eICIC 기법이 적용된 이종 셀룰러 망 환경에서 비례공정을 향상시키는 부하 분산 기법을 제안한다. 구체적으로 제안된 기법은 탐욕 알고리즘 기반의 사용자의 소속 기지국 전환과 ABS 구간비율 갱신을 재귀적으로 결합하여 부하 분산을 실행한다.

• 대한영상의학회지
• /
• 제81권5호
• /
• pp.1024-1037
• /
• 2020

상대가치란 소모된 자원의 양을 기준으로 의료행위의 가치를 상대적으로 비교한 점수로 의사업무량, 진료비용, 위험도로 구성된다. 2차 상대가치 개정 당시 영상검사 수가는 높은 원가 보존율을 이유로 인하되었다. 영상검사 수가는 상대가치 체계에서 진료비용이 대부분을 차지하고 있으며, 의사업무량은 상대적으로 저평가되어 있다. 문재인케어라고 불리는 새로운 건강보험 보장성 강화 대책은 비급여의 급여화, 본인부담금 상한제 확대, 재난적 의료비 지원을 골자로 국민의 의료비 부담을 줄이는 것이 목표이며 향후 건강보험 재정에 부담이 늘어날 것으로 우려된다. MRI와 초음파 검사 급여 확대는 문재인케어에서 큰 비중을 차지하고 있으며 영상의학과는 문재인케어 적용 과정에서 저평가된 영상검사에서의 의사의 노동을 적절히 평가받을 수 있도록 노력해야 한다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제54권7호
• /
• pp.501-512
• /
• 2016

We evaluated a self-inflatable osmotic tissue expander for its utility in creating sufficient soft tissue elongation for primary closure after bone grafting. Six patients with alveolar defects who required vertical augmentation of >6 mm before implant placement were enrolled. All had more than three prior surgeries, and flap advancement for primary coverage was restricted by severely fibrosed scars. Expanders were inserted beneath the flap and fixed with a screw. After 4 weeks, expander removal and bone grafting were performed simultaneously. A vertical block autograft and guided bone regeneration and distraction osteogenesis were performed. Expansion was sufficient to cover the grafted area without additional periosteal incision. Complications included mucosal perforation and displacement of the expander. All augmentation procedures healed uneventfully and the osseous implants were successfully placed. The tissue expander may facilitate primary closure by increasing soft tissue volume. In our experience, this device is effective, rapid, and minimally invasive, especially in fibrous scar tissue.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.104-122
• /
• 2010

Long-term care insurance has been introduced in Korea a year ago, and we are in a stage requiring to set principles regarding the generosity of coverage and how to gradually extend the coverage. This study empirically analyzes how the long-term care insurance in Korea is operated. Special attention is given to who is the main beneficiary of the long-term care insurance introduction, and what is the factors influencing the elderly's decision to apply for or use long-term care services. Use of a detailed information of individuals' public health insurance and long-term care insurance from administration data made it possible to control for health status, socioeconomic status including family type, housing tenure, income level. Logit models were employed to analyze the effects of various socioeconomic factors on the likelihood of applying and using long-term care services. Also, this study employed a survey questioning whether to ever willing to take other option as a alternative to residential care or home-care and the level of cash benefit for which they are willing to replace the formal care with informal care. The result indicated that although the poorest elderly population groups are in the greatest need for the long-term care service, they are in difficulty using the service due to economic burden. This implies the copayment amount needs to be adjusted in order for the poor elderly group to be able to get the benefit of the long-term care service.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.55-65
• /
• 2009

The Korean government introduced Home Care Services System to cut medical cost and make efficient use of limited medical resources because of increasing chronic diseases and the growing population of the elderly. The Korean government established measures to control the use of insurance services by restricting the number of nurse's visits to patient's home and by asking the patients to shoulder the transportation fee of nurses during the visit. Factors such as oversupply of hospital facilities, low price of home care services, high insurance coverage for hospital services and increased nuclear family set up resulted in the limited use of home care nursing services. The introduction of long-term care insurance in 2007 brought the decrease in the number of home care agencies and these agencies are facing a crisis today. The increase in chronic diseases and growing population of the elderly recently resulted in the need to control the high medical cost. Home care services for early discharge patients and chronic-severe disease patients will contribute in the reduction of medical cost at the same time improves the quality of patient's life. To catch up with the demands of the nation, accessibility to home care services should be improved and policies such as the expansion of home care services insurance coverage and promotion of establishing home care agencies should be considered.

• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제45권
• /
• pp.72-100
• /
• 2001

Despite the rapid expansion of social security coverage in the 1990s, many wage earners in Korea, especially the majority of the nonstandard workforce are excluded in the social insurance programs. In this regards, the purpose of this paper is to analyze causes of the exclusion of nonstandard workers to the social insurance scheme and to suggest the feasible policy options. Through this paper, four arguments are addressed as follows. First, the main issue for exclusion from coverage of those workers is that they have no entitlement to social insurance. This is not an issue of that they fall below hours or income thresholds for the entitlement Second, the top-down process of the extension in the Korean social insurances have divided the wage earners into two groups, the insider (the included) and the outsider (the excluded). Many nonstandard workers belong to the latter category. Third, the social insurance systems have been designed for the regular workers who were characterized by a full-time with some degree of stability. Reform designed to cope with the growth of nonstandard workers must build on the existing structure of social insurance. Finally, the governance capacity by social security administration body must be improved in order to provide a basic social protection for those workers. For that, four separated social insurance administration bodies could be unified to one administrative body, or tax and contribution of social insurance could be collected by one integrated administration body, the National Tax Service.