• 대한간호학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.658-670
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the predictors of blood and body fluid exposure (BBFE) in multifaceted individual (sleep disturbance and fatigue), occupational (occupational stress), and organizational (hospital safety climate) factors, as well as infection prevention behavior. We also aimed to test the mediating effect of infection prevention behavior in relation to multifaceted factors and the frequency of BBFE. Methods: This study was based on a secondary data analysis, using data of 246 nurses from the Shift Work Nurses' Health and Turnover study. Based on the characteristics of zero-inflated and over-dispersed count data of frequencies of BBFE, the data were analyzed to calculate zero-inflated negative binomial regression within a generalized linear model and to test the mediating effect using SPSS 25.0, Stata 14.1, and PROCESS macro. Results: We found that the frequency of BBFE increased in subjects with disturbed sleep (IRR = 1.87, p = .049), and the probability of non-BBFE increased in subjects showing higher infection prevention behavior (IRR = 15.05, p = .006) and a hospital safety climate (IRR = 28.46, p = .018). We also found that infection prevention behavior had mediating effects on the occupational stress-BBFE and hospital safety climate-BBFE relationships. Conclusion: Sleep disturbance is an important risk factor related to frequency of BBFE, whereas preventive factors are infection prevention behavior and hospital safety climate. We suggest individual and systemic efforts to improve sleep, occupational stress, and hospital safety climate to prevent BBFE occurrence.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6267-6271
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• 2013

Objective: To determine clinical efficacy, safety and prognostic factors of pemetrexed plus platinum as first-line treatment in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Clinical characteristics, short-term efficacy, survival and adverse reactions of 47 advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients who had received pemetrexed plus platinum as first-line treatment in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 2009 to June 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The Chi-squared test was applied to statistically analyze the overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and toxicity reactions in both groups, while survival data wereanalyzed by Kaplan-Meier and logrank methods, and the COX proportional hazards model was adopted for a series of multi-factor analyses. Results: Only two patients were lost to follow-up. The ORR, DCR, medium progression-free survival time (PFS) and medium overall survival (OS) were 31.9%, 74.5%, 5 months and 15.2 months, while 1- and 2-year survival rates were 63.8% (30/47) and 19.2% (9/47), respectively. Single-factor analysis showed that tumor pathological patterns and efficacy were in association with medium PFS (P<0.05), whereas tumor pathological patterns, smoking history and efficacy were closely connected with medium OS (P<0.05). Multi-factor analyses demonstrated that pathological patterns and efficacy were independent factors influencing OS (P<0.05). The rate of toxicity reactions in degree III/IV was low, including hematologic toxicity marked by decline in white blood cell count and decrease in the platelet count (PLT), and non-hematologic toxicity manifested by gastrointestinal reactions, such as nausea and vomiting. Conclusions: Pemetrexed plus platinum as first-line treatment has excellent efficacy and slight adverse reactions with favorable drug-tolerance in patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to measure whole blood viscosity (WBV) and then to establish its reference values and identify correlation between WBV and hematology or serum chemistry in beagle. The experiment was made up of 82 healthy beagle dogs. Jugular vein blood samples (10 ml) were collected. WBV (cP) measured within 4 hours after collection by U-shaped scanning capillary-tube viscometer ($BVD-PRO1^{(R)}$) which is capable of measuring yield stress and viscosity of whole blood continuously over a wide range of shear rates from $1s^{-1}$ to $1000s^{-1}$ is new type of capillary tube viscometer and calculates viscosity using Casson fluid model. Measured values of WBV, Complete blood cell count, serum chemistry were analyzed by RM-ANOVA test. Mean diastolic and systolic WBV (cP) were $29.032{\pm}6.137$ and $4.528{\pm}0.865$. Bodyweight (BW), Red blood cell count (RBC), Hemoglobin (HGB), Hematocrit (HCT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Cholestetol (CHOL), Total protein (TP), Globulin, Chloride (Cl), Fibrinogen, were statistically correlated with WBV over whole range of shear rates (p < 0.05). This study newly evaluated reference values of WBV by U-shaped viscometer in beagle. Correlation between WBV and BW, RBC, HGB, HCT, ALP, CHOL, TP, Globulin, Cl, Fibrinogen was presented.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2013

유역 환경에 대한 복잡성의 증가는 단일 의사결정자들이 의사결정문제의 모든 부분을 고려하는 것을 점점 더 불가능하게 만들기 때문에 불확실성은 더욱 증가하게 된다. 따라서 본 연구는 그룹의사결정기법을 사용하여 우리나라 공간적인 홍수 취약성을 정량화하는 접근법을 제시하였다. 개인의 선호도를 분석하기위해 Fuzzy TOPSIS를 사용하였고 개인선호도의 통합을 위해 Borda count, Condorcet 그리고 Copeland 방법을 사용하였다. 마지막으로 도출된 결과를 Fuzzy TOPSIS 및 TOPSIS의 결과와 비교하였고 스피어만 순위상관계수와 켄달의 순위상관계수, Emond와 Mason이 제시한 순위상관분석을 이용하여 순위의 일치성을 검토하였다. 그 결과 일부 지역의 취약성 순위가 큰 폭으로 역전되는 현상을 보였다. 그룹의사결정 개념을 반영하여 지역별 취약성을 산정할 경우 우선순위의 변동이 클 수 있으므로 홍수 취약성 산정시 본 연구에서 제시된 모델을 고려할 필요가 있다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.283-292
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• 2020

4차 산업혁명의 대표적인 이미지 중 하나인 인공지능은 2016년 알파고 이후에 인공지능 인식이 매우 높아져 있다. 본 논문은 학국교육학술정보원에서 제공하는 국내 논문 중 '인공지능', '기계학습', '딥 러닝'으로 검색된 국내 발표 논문에 대해서 분석하였다. 검색된 논문은 약 1만여건이며 논문 동향을 파악하기 위해 빈도분석과 토픽 모델링, 의미 연결망을 이용하였다. 추출된 논문을 분석한 결과, 2015년에 비해 2016년에는 인공지능 분야는 600%, 기계학습은 176%, 딥 러닝 분야는 316% 증가하여 알파고 이후에 인공지능 분야의 연구가 활발히 진행됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 2018년 부터는 기계학습보다 딥 러닝 분야가 더 많이 연구 발표되고 있다. 기계학습에서는 서포트 벡터 머신 모델이, 딥 러닝에서는 텐서플로우를 이용한 컨볼루션 신경망이 많이 활용되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 논문은 '인공지능', '기계학습', '딥 러닝' 분야의 향후 연구 방향을 설정하는 도움을 제공할 수 있다.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2019

Altmetrics measure the frequency of references about an article on social media platforms, like Twitter. This paper studies a variety of factors that affect the popularity of articles (i.e., the number of article mentions) in the field of psychology on Twitter. Firstly, in this study, we classify Twitter users mentioning research articles as academic versus non-academic users and experts versus non-experts, using a machine learning approach. Then we build a negative binomial regression model with the number of Twitter mentions of an article as a dependant variable, and nine Twitter related factors (the number of followers, number of friends, number of status, number of lists, number of favourites, number of retweets, number of likes, ratio of academic users, and ratio of expert users) and seven article related factors (the number of authors, title length, abstract length, abstract readability, number of institutions, citation count, and availability of research funding) as independent variables. From our findings, if a research article is mentioned by Twitter users with a greater number of friends, status, favourites, and lists, by tweets with a large number of retweets and likes, and largely by Twitter users with academic and expertise knowledge on the field of psychology, the article gains more Twitter mentions. In addition, articles with a greater number of authors, title length, abstract length, and citation count, and articles with research funding get more attention from Twitter users.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.1291-1302
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• 2016

This paper presents a new and efficient scheme to determine the optimal neutron source position in a model near-equilibrium pressurized water reactor, which is based on the OPR1000 Hanul Unit 3 Cycle 7 configuration. The proposed scheme particularly assigns importance of source positions according to the local adjoint flux distribution. In this research, detailed pin-by-pin reactor adjoint fluxes are determined by using the Monte Carlo KENO-VI code from solutions of the reactor homogeneous critical adjoint transport equations. The adjoint fluxes at each allowable source position are subsequently ranked to yield four candidate positions with the four highest adjoint fluxes. The study next simulates ex-core detector responses using the Monte Carlo MAVRIC code by assuming a neutron source is installed in one of the four candidate positions. The calculation is repeated for all positions. These detector responses are later converted into an inverse count rate ratio curve for each candidate source position. The study confirms that the optimal source position is the one with very high adjoint fluxes and detector responses, which is interestingly the original source position in the OPR1000 core, as it yields an inverse count rate ratio curve closest to the traditional 1/M line. The current work also clearly demonstrates that the proposed adjoint flux-based approach can be used to efficiently determine the optimal geometry for a neutron source and a detector in a modern pressurized water reactor core.

• 한국정보기술학회 영문논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.71-83
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a system that can detect the shape of a hand at high speed using an FPGA. The hand-shape detection system is designed using Verilog HDL, a hardware language that can process in parallel instead of sequentially running C++ because real-time processing is important. There are several methods for hand gesture recognition, but the image processing method is used. Since the human eye is sensitive to brightness, the YCbCr color model was selected among various color expression methods to obtain a result that is less affected by lighting. For the CbCr elements, only the components corresponding to the skin color are filtered out from the input image by utilizing the restriction conditions. In order to increase the speed of object recognition, a median filter that removes noise present in the input image is used, and this filter is designed to allow comparison of values and extraction of intermediate values at the same time to reduce the amount of computation. For parallel processing, it is designed to locate the centerline of the hand during scanning and sorting the stored data. The line with the highest count is selected as the center line of the hand, and the size of the hand is determined based on the count, and the hand and arm parts are separated. The designed hardware circuit satisfied the target operating frequency and the number of gates.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.252-259
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• 2024

Objectives: This study investigated factors associated with the retention of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) during the first 3 years of treatment. Methods: A retrospective study using electronic health records was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Adult HIV-positive patients who started ART from 2010 until 2020 were included. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with ART retention in the first 3 years. Results: In total, 535 respondents were included in the analysis. The ART retention rates for the first, second, and third years were 83.7%, 79.1%, and 77.2%, respectively. The multivariate analysis revealed a negative association between CD4 count when starting ART and retention. Patients with CD4 counts >200 cells/mL were 0.65 times less likely to have good retention than those with CD4 counts ≤200 cells/mL. The year of starting ART was also significantly associated with retention. Patients who started ART in 2010-2013 or 2014-2016 were less likely to have good retention than those who started ART in 2017-2020, with adjusted odds ratios of 0.52 and 0.40, respectively. Patients who received efavirenz-based therapy were 1.69 times more likely to have good retention than those who received nevirapine (95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 2.72). Conclusions: Our study revealed a decline in ART retention in the third year. The CD4 count, year of enrollment, and an efavirenz-based regimen were significantly associated with retention. Patient engagement has long been a priority in HIV programs, with interventions being implemented to address this issue.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.57-79
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• 1998

이 논문에서는 과학과 기술의 관계에 대해 기술은 응용 과학이라는 계층적 모델을 비판하고, 그 둘은 서로 독자적 영역을 가지면서 상호작용 한다는 상호작용 모델을 옹호한다. 상호작용은 모델에 의하면, 기술은 비록 과학으로부터 많은 지식을 빌려오지만 과학으로부터 오지않은 자신의 지식영역이 있다. 기술을 구성하는 여러 성분 중에서 특히 공학과학으로서의 기술에 중점을 두었고, 공학과학의 핵심을 설계에 있다는 것을 이야기 하고 공학설계의 특성에 관해 논의했다. 기술적 지식이 과학적 지식과 다른 것 중 하나는 기술적 지식의 변화 모델이 과학적 지식의 변화 모델과는 다르다는 것이다. 기술적 지식의 두 가지 중요한 모델인 쿤 방식의 모델과 변이-선택 모델을 논의하면서 두 모델의 약점을 이야기 했다. 과학과 기술의 상호과학적 지식의 작용은 '매개된 상호작용'이라는 모델을 제시했고 그 모델의 가능성에 대해 간단히 이야기 했다. 산업계의 연구는 과학과 기술 사이의 상호작용의 한 형태이다. 이 산업계의 연구를 통해서 과학-기술은 점점 구조화되고 자율성을 띈다. 과학자와 공학자는 인격적 주체자이기 보다는 단순히 산업연구 구조의 한 부분이 되어 버린다.