• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.212-226
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• 2009

This study attempted to analyze the correlation between financial ratio and operating performance of foodservice companies, using the financial data by DART service. Financial ratio is an index to identify the management of foodservice companies from calculating the ratio associating two accounts in the financial statements. Managers, creditors and investors often have different purposes for using the ratio analysis to evaluate the contents of the financial statements. According to the analysis of financial ratio and operating performance, listed food and beverage companies proved to have a high correlation in all except for interest coverage. However, foodservice companies showed a high correlation in stability and growth ratio. Therefore, managers of the foodservice companies will need to improve operating performance for using efficient utilization plans of debt from assets and operating expenses(cost of goods sold, general and other expenses).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2020

PCR PET flake's market endeavors difficult situations of its oversupply and decreasing demands in South Korea. Since China banned the import of most recycled plastics, flake producers who mostly export the flakes lost their biggest market. The producers struggled to survive in the competitions with PCR PET flake from EU and 3^rd countries but it was challenging due to substandard quality and increasing cost. Attempts to improve the quality of PCR PET flake have been made but they were only an individual company's efforts. The objective of this study was to understand the market status on PCR PET flake in South Korea and to present suggestions for improving its quality. The results of the questionnaires targeted to flake producers showed that no testing methods on PCR PET flake were standardized and there were critical factors to the quality such as moisture content, contaminants, and viscosity. Case studies of US, Japan and other countries had been done especially about testing methods and 76 samples from 21 companies were tested according to those methods. Based on the results, the final factors were decided as contaminants, moisture content, alkalinity index and intrinsic viscosity. There is a plan to standardize testing methods and they could be guidelines to improve the business competitiveness of PCR PET flake in South Korea.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 2010

Recently, as the function of largest supplier of biomass for "low carbon green growth", the necessity for systematic management of afforestation areas is emphasizing. The forestation of seedling, besides the afforestation cost itself, is required some additional follow-up management costs, like mowing and fertilizing of forestation area, and removal of bindweed. The mulching mat for afforestation seedlings is available for rooting of little seedlings as well as initial forestation expenses. Mulching technique is also used to control soil temperature and moisture by covering the surface of ground. In this study, the paper based-mulching film coated with biodegradable polymer and functional additive was specially produced using laboratory bar coater, and analyzed for its degradable behavior. Coating colors were prepared by dissolving PE (polyester) 80 % and PLA(polylactic acid) 20 % in chloroform and finally applied to handsheet prepared by preceding study conditions. Base paper and polymer-coated paper were artificially aged by 2 kinds of degradation methods, which are soil degradation by microorganism and light degradation by 257 nm UV wavelengths. Strength property, oxidation index and morphological property were evaluated by reduction rates of tensile strength, FTIR spectra ratio of carboxyl and carbonyl group and SEM micrograph. As these results, polymer coated-paper was superior to base paper in degradation behaviors, having results with lower reduction rate of strength properties.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.106-112
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• 2006

In this study, the genetic diversities of multi-resistant Salmonella typhimurium (ST) isolates were analyzed via the application of both pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis methods, using 6 kinds of primers (REP, ERIC, SERE, BOX, P-1254 and OPB-17). And their discriminative abilities (DA) were also compared in order to determine the most effective and reliable analysis method. 118 S. typhimurium isolates, cultured from diverse animals and human patients in Korea beginning in 1993, were analyzed and subjected to a comparison of Simpson's index of diversity (SID), using both PFGE and PCR methods. PFGE by XbaI enzyme digestion allowed for discrimination into 9 pulsotypes, with high SID values (0.991) on the genomic DNA level. This shows that PFGE is a very discriminative genotypic tool, and also that multiple clones of S. typhimurium isolates had existed in domestic animals and humans in Korea since 1993. However, we could ultimately not to trace the definitive sources or animal reservoirs of specific S. typhimurium isolates examined in this study. Depending on the SID values, the combined method (7 kinds of method) was found to be the most discriminative method, followed by (in order) SERE-PCR, REP-PCR, ERIC-PCR, PFGE & OPB-17 (RAPD), P-1254 (RAPD), and BOX-PCR at the $80\%$ clone cut-off value. This finding suggests that the REP-PCR method (which utilizes 4 primer types) may be an alternative tool to PFGE for the genotyping of S. typhimurium isolates, with comparable cost, time, and labor requirement. The establishment of a highly reliable and discriminatory method for epidemiologic analysis is considered necessary in order for researchers to trace the sources of specific pathogens and, consequently, to control and prevent the spread of epidemic S. typhimurium isolates to humans.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.5207-5215
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• 2010

Selecting proper location for complex facility with special purpose need comprehensive consideration on the condition and surrounding environment. Especially, in case of living space for human, lighting, ventilation, efficiency in land use, etc. are important elements. Diverse 3D analysis through 3D topography modeling and virtual simulation is necessary for this. Now, it can be processed with relatively inexpensive cost since high resolution satellite image essential in topography modeling is provided with domestic technology through Arirang No. 2 satellite (KOMPSAT2). In this study, several candidate sites is selected for complex planning with special purpose and analysis on proper location was performed using the 3D topography modeling and land information. For this, land analysis, land price calculation, slope analysis and aspect analysis have been carried out. As a result of arranging the evaluation index for each candidate site and attempting the quantitative evaluation, proper location could be selected efficiently and reasonably.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.7
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• pp.1763-1772
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• 1996

The conventional training set selection methods for the satellite image classification usually depend on the manual selection using data from the direct measurements of the ground or the ground map. However this task takes much time and cost, and some feature values vary in wide ranges even if they are in the same class. Such feature values can increase the robustness of the neural net but learning time becomes longer. In this paper,we propose anew training set selection algorithm using a rule-based method. By the technique proposed, the SPOT multispectral Imagery is classified in 3 bands, and the pixels which satisfy the rule are employed as the training sets for the neutralist classifier. The experimental results show faster initial convergence and almost the same or better classification accuracy. We also showed an improvement of the classification accuracy by using texture features and NDV1.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.135-135
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• 2003

The fast evolution in the fold of optical communication systems demands powerful optical information treatment. These functions can be performed by integrated optical systems. A key component of such systems is erbium doped waveguide amplifier(EDWA). The intra 4f radiative transition of Er at 1.5 $\mu\textrm{m}$ is particularly interesting because this wavelength is standard in optical telecommunications. The fabrication of waveguide amplifier for integrated optics using sol-gel process has received an increasing attention. Potential advantage of lower cost by less capital equipment and easy processing makes this process an attractive alternatives to conventional technologies like flame hydrolysis deposition, ion exchange and chemical vapor deposition, etc. In addition, sol-gel process has been found to be extremely suitable for the control of composition and refractive index related directly with optical properties. The main drawback of such an amplifier with respect to the EDWA is the need for a much higher Er3+ concentration to compensate for the smaller interaction length. However, the high doping of Er might be resulted in the non-radiative relaxation by clustering of Er ions End co-operative upconversion. In order to solve this problem, we investigate the possibility of avoiding short Er-Er distances by encapsulation of Er3+ ions in hosts such as organic-inorganic hybrid materials. For inorganic-organic hybrid sols, methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS), zirconyl chloride octahydrate and erbium(III) chloride hexahydrate were used as starting materials, followed by conventional sol-gel process. It was observed by TEM that nano sols having core/shell toplology were formed, depending on the mole ratio of Zr/Er. The surface roughness for the coatings on Si substrate was investigated by AFM as a function of Zr/Er ratio. The local environment and vibrational Properties of Er3+ ions were studied using Near-IR, FT-IR, and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Nano hybrid coatings derived from polymer and Er doped encapsulation Eave the good luminescence at 1.55$\mu\textrm{m}$.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.9D no.5
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• pp.779-788
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• 2002

There are many technically difficult issues in searching multimedia data such as image, video and audio because they are massive and more complex than simple text-based data. As a method of searching multimedia data, a similarity retrieval has been studied to retrieve automatically basic features of multimedia data and to make a search among data with retrieved features because exact match is not adaptable to a matrix of features of multimedia. In this paper, data clustering and its indexing are proposed as a speedy similarity-retrieval method of multimedia data. This approach clusters similar images on adjacent disk cylinders and then builds Indexes to access the clusters. To minimize the search cost, the hashing is adapted to index cluster. In addition, to reduce I/O time, the proposed searching takes just one I/O to look up the location of the cluster containing similar object and one sequential file I/O to read in this cluster. The proposed schema solves the problem of multi-dimension by using clustering and its indexing and has higher search efficiency than the content-based image retrieval that uses only clustering or indexing structure.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.4 no.2 s.10
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• pp.37-45
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• 2000

The underground buried pipelines of Natural gas are relatively safer than any other pipelines of chemical plants, because Natural gas is non-corrosive fluid. But Natural gas is supplied normally the downtown area. So, it may be a disaster because of corrosion which is caused interference facilities, environment and third party accident which is caused facilities construction. Especially, it is very difficult to find out and inspect damages of pipeline because of buried pipelines. Therefore this paper approached to select and manage risk region pipelines according to introduction of underground buried pipeline's risk concept. Risk was indicated three parts - corrosion factor, design and construction factor, maintence and management factor - in this paper, Therefore qualitive risk of pipelines showed score as quantitative number. Also it was thought to be helpful in confidence and safety management that the concept of key index and failure supplementation measures to cost introduces this program. We developed this risk assessment program using visual basic tool and interfaced GIS.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.433-437
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• 2006

Objectives: The aim of this study is to develop a methodology for estimating a nationwide statistic for hernia operations with using the claim database of the Korea Health Insurance Cooperation (KHIC). Methods: According to the insurance claim procedures, the claim database was divided into the electronic data interchange database (EDI_DB) and the sheet database (Paper_DB). Although the EDI_DB has operation and management codes showing the facts and kinds of operations, the Paper_DB doesn't. Using the hernia matched management code in the EDI_DB, the cases of hernia surgery were extracted. For drawing the potential cases from the Paper_DB, which doesn't have the code, the predictive model was developed using the data mining technique called SEMMA. The claim sheets of the cases that showed a predictive probability of an operation over the threshold, as was decided by the ROC curve, were identified in order to get the positive predictive value as an index of usefulness for the predictive model. Results: Of the claim databases in 2004, 14,386 cases had hernia related management codes with using the EDI system. For fitting the models with applying the data mining technique, logistic regression was chosen rather than the neural network method or the decision tree method. From the Paper_DB, 1,019 cases were extracted as potential cases. Direct review of the sheets of the extracted cases showed that the positive predictive value was 95.3%. Conclusions: The results suggested that applying the data mining technique to the claim database in the KHIC for estimating the nationwide surgical statistics would be useful from the aspect of execution and cost-effectiveness.